Articles Related to AIS

: Obesity is a global epidemic with serious consequences for countries. Objective: This work aims to systematically review the available evidence on the relationship between basal metabolism (BM), body composition, and physical activity (PA) with central obesity. Methodology: The search strategy was carried out using Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO following the PRISMA guidelines. The STROBE checklist and the Jadad scale were also used for quality assessment.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

The objective of this study was to assess which factors, at hierarchical levels, are associated with adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) in undergraduate and graduate students. This is a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Project), with alumni from Universities of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the years 2016 and 2018. The outcome variable was adequate consumption of FV (≥400 g/day). The exposure variables were divided into: block 1, socioeconomic (marital status, education, professional status, individual and family income); block 2, behavioral (physical activity, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and consumption of legumes, natural juices, ultra-processed foods, soft drinks and industrialized juices, and fast foods); block 3, individual (gender, age, skin color, self-perception of health and presence of obesity, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and depression). To verify the associations, hierarchical multiple logistic regression was used. The sample consisted of 4,124 individuals with a median age of 34 years and Interquartile Range (IQ) of 12 years, 68.1% women, with a high frequency (62.2%) of adequate consumption of FV. This adequate consumption of FV was associated with being a woman (OR=1.41; 95%CI 1.21-1.64; p<0.001), advancing in age and being physically active (OR=2.10; 95%CI 1.78-2.47; p<0.001), having regular consumption of natural fruit juice (OR=2.00; 95%CI 1.70-2.34, p<0.001), or consumption of ultra-processed foods (OR=0.96; 95%CI 0.95-0.97; p<0.001). In conclusion, individual and behavioral factors are associated with adequate consumption of FV in highly educated individuals.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Fasting plasma glucose is a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in obese children. This study aimed to evaluate the association between WC, BMI and WHtR and blood glucose in children.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

In Nigeria, indices predictive of adolescent central adiposity are lacking. This study aimed to develop age- and gender- specific cut-offs for WC and WHtR for Nigerian adolescents

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

The de-extinction of the dinosaur is a dubious possibility but its consideration brings forth some issues that are at least worthy of scientific discussion. In this review, we discuss two distinct issues that have implications for a de-extinct species such as a dinosaur: the ability, or lack thereof, to safely sedate a rare and potentially fractious animal capable of harming the veterinary staff tasked with its care; and, disease risks associated with a species that has been extinct for millions of years. To identify potential sedatives, comparative pharmacology will be needed to uncover the links between receptor pharmacology and the desired clinical outcomes of activating established alpha-2 adrenergic, opioid, and benzodiazepine receptors. Specific to disease control, it will be necessary to understand the unique susceptibility of the new species to current diseases as well as predicting their reservoir capacity for potential human and veterinary pandemic diseases. While the topics presented herein are not exhaustive, this review highlights some of the foremost research that should be conducted in order to serve the unique veterinary needs of a de-extinct species using the dinosaur as a paradigm. Addressing these issues should be considered if an intact dinosaur genome becomes available, regardless of the feasibility of dinosaur resurrection.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used tool to track and to detect heart diseases which are one of the leading causes of death in the world. Some countries have been using the resources of telemedicine to enable health care in situations where distance is a critical factor, including cardiovascular diseases. In Brazil, the State of Minas Gerais has a telecardiology system, the Teleminas Saúde Project, which covers approximadely 70% of the state population.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults aged 18-45 years residing in and around Giyani town. Methods: This study included 100 participants recruited from a location in Greater Giyani Municipality of Mopani district, Limpopo Province, South Africa. This Municipality was purposively selected and convenience sampling was used to choose study participants. Body weight and height were measured using standard techniques. Waist circumference, systolic, diastolic, glucose, cholesterol and body fat levels were also assessed.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Tertiary education has always been regarded as highly stressful environment to students. Medical and health science training further add to the already stressful environment. Awareness of the existence of stress in medical students by physicians will help in diminishing student’s experience of stress. Therefore, identifying additional stressors in the clinical context is very crucial for providing measures to minimize students’ stress to a tolerable level and helping them to cope better. And the aim of this study is to assess perceived stress and factors associated with it among Bahir Dar University medical students, North West Ethiopia, 2016.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Ten recently extracted primary molars, were used in this study for the measurement of the shear bond strength. Occlusal enamel was ground, leaving a flat dentin surface, on which a cylindrical specimen of each of the two tested materials was applied and light-cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Specimens were then mounted in self-cure acrylic resin. Ten specimens were used for the measurement of the compressive strength. The specimens were prepared in a special-cylindrical mold, then light-cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The compressive and shear bond strength of each specimen was measured using a Universal Testing Machine.Ten specimens of each of the two resin materials were used to measure the abrasion resistance. The test was performed by means of a toothbrushing machine and abrasive dentifrice slurry. The specimens were weighed before and after the test. Weight loss of the specimens were calculated after the test and reported as percent weight loss. Regarding microleakage test, Class V cavities were prepared in the buccal surface of 36 exfoliated or extracted human primary molars.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Maintaining a healthy body weight is important for overall health and can help prevent and control many chronic conditions. However, the information surrounding the barriers to healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) for weight maintenance among Saudi women of reproductive age is insufficient to design and develop intervention programs. To explore personal, social, and physical environmental factors that act as barriers to maintaining a healthy weight and how these barriers vary by socio-demographic and weight status. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling design comprising 408 Saudi women attending 12 Jeddah Primary Health Centers (JPHCCs). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic factors, eating habits (EHs), PA, and perceived barriers to a maintenance of healthy weight maintenance. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) data also were obtained.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

The indigenous Amerindian populations living in the southern interior part of Suriname have to date largely maintained their traditional hunter-gatherer life-style. In this study we compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeTS) and its component risk factors between indigenous Amerindian women of the interior of Suriname, with indigenous Amerindian women living in the coastal-rural areas who have a more urbanized lifestyle. We focused on women since the Suriname Health study showed that Indigenous women had the second highest MeTS prevalence nationwide.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Previous studies have shown that women who are overweight or obese are at risk for adverse reproductive outcomes, including infertility, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. However, information surrounding the risk factors for obesity among Saudi women of reproductive age is deficient due to the limited number of studies that assessed obesity prevalence among them.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Obesity and physical inactivity are growing problems that are associated with major health problems. However, the current information on the association between obesity and physical activity (PA) in Saudi women of reproductive age is insufficient to design and develop intervention programs. To explore the rates of two types of obesity (general and abdominal obesity) and the level of PA and to evaluate the relationship between obesity risk factors, the use of exercise equipment at home, A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 using a stratified two-stage cluster sample. The sampling weight and design effect were incorporated into the analysis. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) data were collected from all participants.and obesity measurements.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

Self-perception and measures of body weight and central adiposity are key indicators of a population’s attitude and level of concern regarding obesity. Parental weight has been shown to be a strong determinant of adult offspring weight. This study initially investigates the association between self-perception, and measured body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and characterised this association by perception type (pessimist, optimist and realist).

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

The objective of the study was to evaluate semen quality of Tunisian Arab stallions frozen with 2 methods using 2 freezing basedextenders: the INRA 96® or the INRA Freeze®.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text

In this paper, we report on the synthesis of BaTiO3 nanowires via the anodic aluminum oxide template method. To fill in the precursors of BaTiO3 into anodic aluminum oxide templates, the vacuum and drop loading method developed in our previous study was used. Ba(CH3COO)2 (barium acetate) and C12H28O4Ti (tetraisopropyl orthotitanate) were used as Ba and Ti sources, respectively. Anodic aluminum oxide membranes with the through-hole diameter of ~200 nm were used as the template for BaTiO3 nanowires.

View complete article: PDF  |  Full-text