Articles Related to API

In the past few years, E-cigarettes (or vaping) are getting the popularity among the youth in Bangladesh. This is critical as it may lead to an increase in the number of smokers in future. The study aimed to identify the trend of E-cigarette smoking, habitual pattern of E-cigarette smokers, and their perception and experiences of health hazards. A cross-sectional mixed methods study was conducted from April to November 2020 in Dhaka and Chittagong cities. A total of 370 E-cigarette smoker aged 18 and above years, were surveyed face-to-face using a semi-structured questionnaire

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Rapid data collection can provide an insight into causation, the socio-cultural reality, and complex social processes. This is especially important in disease outbreaks when information is quickly required on local needs that is essential for success. Quantitative data alone are not sufficient to provide an in-depth understanding. The challenge is to use a rapid data collection approach that can provide practical solutions by integrating the available evidence, professional expertise, and stakeholder experiences. This viewpoint reflects the opinions of the author that highlight the strengths and weaknesses of rapid data collection and the presentation of an approach that can be implemented with minimal interference in a health promotion and healthcare program context

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ALS is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neuron in cerebral cortex, cranial nerve nuclei and anterior horn cells of spinal cord. Three drugs are FDA approved, Riluzole, Edaravone and AMX0035 (recently approved), which can only prolong survival time by 2-3 months.

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That unemployment, poverty, artisanal mining, and community vulnerability are interwoven is re-emphasizing the reality of life. This study assesses the effect of artisanal mining activities on River Kpapi and the adjoining settlements in Minna putting into consideration Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG8). Observatory field survey was carried out on the entire river channel, and laboratory analysis of water samples taking to determine its hydro-chemical and Water Quality Index (WQI) characteristics using the silver nitrate method of the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the Water Quality Index (WQI)

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In literature are reported various use of activated charcoal AC and derivates in biopharmaceutical purifications.Aim of this work is to verify impurity proficle when using this technology.Various commercial products are reported here but it is not the scope of this work put in relation with any toxicological reaction: only to describe the technique used in this field.Because various drugs and bioproduct need purification steps it is if of interest to see some material science peculiarity

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Hydranencephaly is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the central nervous system, characterized by the almost total absence of the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Almost all cases are sporadic with an incidence of less than 1 per 10,000 births and a very poor prognosis. The exact main cause is still unknown, but hydranencephaly is usually found to develop secondarily to the occlusion of cerebral arteries above the supraclinoid level. We report the case of a full-term female infant with hydranencephaly diagnosed at 28 weeks of gestation by routine antenatal intrauterine ultrasonograph

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Dengue is a prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe. Dengue clinical manifestations include asymptomatic infections; undifferentiated fever; dengue fever, which is characterized by fever, headache, retro orbital pain, myalgia, and arthralgia; and a severe form of the disease denominated dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, characterized by hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding tendency. However, atypical manifestations, such as liver, central nervous system, and cardiac involvement, have been increasingly reported called expanded dengue syndrome. The renal complications of dengue virus infection cover a wide spectrum of manifestations from acute kidney injury to glomerular injury with nephritic/nephrotic syndrome. Majority of cases remain symptom free and show full recovery. We report a 55 years old lady with atypical and rare presentation of dengue disease marked by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Condition improved after initial 5 days pulse methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone therapy and mycophenolate mofetil. The main mechanism of dengue glomerulonephritis is still unknown though both direct viral infection and immune mediated damage have been suggested to be the cause. To avoid otherwise preventable morbidity and mortality, physicians should have a high index of suspicion for renal complications in patients with dengue illness and should manage this accordingly

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The ability to measure structural and functional alterations in cellular and tissue lipids with small footprint, accessible instrumentation has sparked interest in their role in disease pathology. However, various lipidomic analytical tools tend to be cumbersome and time-consuming. A rapid, accurate, and straight forward peak alignment software routine would greatly facilitate the analysis of large datasets, such as those produced by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Herein, we describe a novel Rapid Peak Alignment Method (RPAM) which allows untargeted analysis of lipids expressed in brain white matter following chronic ethanol exposure in an established experimental model. The RPAM outputs data comparable to manual peak alignments but the processing time requires only 90 minutes instead of 8-10 hours. This method is readily adapted to a broad range of models, tissue types, and human diseases.

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Novel Ni-Re super-alloy catalyst system is found for rapid hydrogenation of toluene to methylcyclohexane (MCH) in a one-pass reactor under mild reaction conditions. The novel bimetallic Ni-Re alloy catalysts exhibit the remarkably enhanced activity and stability for hydrogenation of toluene by comparison with monometallic Ni catalyst. The catalytic performance of novel Ni-Re catalyst is compared with that of Pt catalysts for hydrogenation of toluene. The better activity maintenance of the Ni-Re catalysts than the Pt-based catalysts are found. The alloying effect of Ni with Re is identified by XRD and EXAFS measurements.

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Development of novel cryopreservation protocols is required to test novel chemical and non-chemical supplements in freezing extender for bee semen. Antioxidants demonstrate critical effects on post-thawed sperm quality, fertility, and subsequent embryo development. The purpose of the study was to determine of the effects of different concentrations of proline, cysteine and glutamine on some sperm quality and fertility of cryopreserved bee spermatozoa.

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It is essential for practitioners to recognize the pathophysiology of commonly presenting infectious diseases and their mode of transmission. This allows healthcare workers to provide a safe perioperative experience for the patient as well as engage in appropriate infection control practices. There are a number of noteworthy pediatric respiratory infections, such as the novel coronavirus, known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and pulmonary tuberculosis.

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The use of Neurodynamic mobilizations to improve those qualities had not been enough studies; the aim of this research is to investigate the knowledge, use, and awareness of Palestinian physiotherapists about the Neurodyanimc mobilization (NDM) effect on the above-mentioned variables.

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Clozapine is a second-generation antipsychotic which is notable for favourable profile with respect to extrapyramidal symptoms.Akathisia has been previously noted with Clozapine but the available literature on it is limited.This case aims to throw some light on the issue.

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Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) comprises of complex visual hallucinations secondary to visual impairment in the presence of preserved cognition. Age related macular degeneration and other factors causing visual deterioration lead to visual hallucinations in 10-15% of patients. Sensory deprivation and social isolation are risk factors for development of CBS. The distressing hallucinations are underreported by patients and to date there are no robust evidence based guidelines to manage these hallucinations. Since visual hallucinations are associated with multiple psychiatric disorders as well, these patients are often referred to mental health providers. Here, we present the case of CBS development after macular degeneration. Rapid and sustained resolution of visual hallucinations and associated distress was observed with low dose Risperidone.

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Human odor detection technologies have drawn attention due to the wide possibility of potential applications they open up in areas such as biometrics, criminal investigation and forensics, search for survivors under rubble, and security checkpoint screening. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been the most successful and powerful analytical approach developed to date for human odor analysis, and hundreds of human odorants have been identified using this tool.

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