Articles Related to CIs
Selection of Disease Modifying Treatment (DMT) Relates to Patient’s DecisionMaking Competence in MS
Background: In Multiple Sclerosis, more efficient disease modifying treatment (DMT) are often accompanied by higher risks and side effects. Selecting the optimal DMT demands from patients and doctors therefore a complex decision-making process weighing risks and benefits. Patients and doctors often prefer to share responsibility when making these treatment decisions, but this shared decision-making model requests decision-making competence on both sides. The aim of our online study was to investigate whether patients’ decision-making competence relates to DMT selection.
Method: 197 patients participated in the online survey, advertised by two patient organizations. Patients reported their DMT and who decided for or against a DMT: their neurologist, themselves, or both. We measured decision-making competence with two tasks from the Adult Decision-Making Competence Battery (A-DMC), the ability to follow decision rules and the consistency of risk perception. Perceived impairment of the disease was measured with Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS).
Results: The ability to follow decision rules varied with the potency of the DMT. Patients receiving basic DMT were better able to follow decision rules compared to patients receiving medium DMT. Patients who did not take any DMT stated more frequently that this decision was their own choice and independent of their doctor’s advice.
Conclusions: If patients without DMT decided against this treatment on their own behalf, doctors and caregivers potentially have to strengthen their effort to reach out to the patient and to ensure the decision is well taken.
Case Series of 141 Melanomas Diagnosed and Managed over 5 years by an Australian Dermatologist: with a Suggested Approach to Suspected Pigmented Lesions
Melanoma is one of the most fatal disorders dermatologists have to diagnose and treat. Despite its prevalence and seriousness, there has been no protocol with consensus suggesting systematic approach for diagnosis and treatment of pigmented lesions. A series of 141 melanomas diagnosed and managed over five years in an Australian dermatology clinicare presented. Also a systematic approach has been suggested for the management of suspicious pigmented lesions and melanomas. It is hoped that this paper provides a platform to open discussion for the development of the best systematic approach.
The Argument for Thoughtful Empiricism in AIDS Vaccine Development
History teaches that successful vaccine development is a highly empirical process involving guesswork and tinkering, typically done in the face of woefully incomplete biological understanding. The AIDS vaccine effort effectively abandoned this classical approach early on.
Absence of Influenza and RSV Activity in the San Francisco Bay Area during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-2021
In contrast to previous years which consistently had an influenza “season” our clinical virology laboratory has made only a strikingly small number of identifications of influenza during the early weeks of this respiratory virus season. This experience is similar to its decreased activity in the Southern Hemisphere during their winter, April to July 2020. We
report the same experience with RSV. These results are likely attributable to measures employed for control of COVID-19, including social distancing and the use of face masks.
Factors Affecting Exercise Self-efficacy in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
There was significant evidence to suggest that exercise improves physical function, symptom burden, and quality of life in
predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, most CKD patients cannot adherence to minimum recommended levels
of exercise.
Gastrointestinal Implications of Post-Exercise Orange Juice Consumption
100% fruit juice (e.g., orange juice [OJ]) in 237 mL doses is considered 1 serving of fruit and generally recommended as a part of a healthy diet.
Recent Ways for Incisor Intrusion during Orthodontic Treatment
Deep overbite has been an enigmatic puzzle in orthodontics, the nature of this malocclusion to relapse has been of great concern to
the clinician.
Exploring the Effects of Tomato Extract Supplementation on Cognitive Function during Exercise and at Rest
It has been reported that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit extracts may have beneficial effects on cognition. To assess if those effects are reproducible, cognitive function was assessed using a double-blind, randomised control trial design; 17 healthy test participants were given encapsulated tomato fruit (n=8) extract (290 mg) or a placebo control (n=9). Cognition was assessed at rest and, as exercise is known to negatively impact on cognitive function, equivalent tests were also undertaken after controlled physical exertion using the Bath University Rugby Shuttle Test (45 minutes and 90 minutes exercise).
Picture Fuzzy Grey Approach for Decision Problems with unknown Weight Information
Cuong’s picture fuzzy set (PFS) has more capability to grip the uncertainties in real-life decision-making problems as compare to intuitionistic fuzzy set. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new Grey approach in which the attribute values takes from the picture fuzzy numbers, attribute weights information is unknown and develop a multi criteria decision making approach to study the interaction between the input argument under the picture fuzzy environment. The main advantage of the proposed technique is that, it can deal with the situations of the positive interaction, negative interaction or non-interaction among the criteria, during decision-making process. Finally, a numerical approach is demonstrated for implementation of proposed technique and show that how proposed technique is reliable and effective is illustrated.
Cardiovascular Responses of Patients with Obesity Submitted to a Proof of Effort
Obesity is a multisystemic disease. It is a coronary risk factor, that promotes or is associated with other
components such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc.
Reflections on the Effect of an m Health App in Behavioural Change for Childhood Weight Management
Childhood obesity is a growing problem facing the developed world. This manuscript reports user experiences of the TreCLifeStyle
mHealth app to bring about behavioural change.
Predictive Value of ERCC1 Expression on Treatment Response to Cisplatin-Based Regimens in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
We aimed to determine whether the excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expression predicts response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This was a retrospective study, in which hospital files of 31 patients (29 males, 2 females; mean age, 62.26±7.71 years) were reviewed. All patients were treated with etoposide+cisplatin. The lung biopsy and mediastinal lymph node samples were applied anti-human monoclonal antibodies against ERCC1: immunohistochemical staining was considered positive if 25-100% of the cells showed nuclear staining, and negative if less than 25% of the cells showed negative or slight staining. Response to treatment was evaluated as regression (complete or partial response), progressive disease, or stable disease. Of the patients, 18 (58.1%) had limited-stage, and 13 (41.9%) had extensive-stage SCLC. Median follow-up duration was 15 months (range: 1-60 months). ERCC1 staining was positive in 9 of 31 patients (29.0%). In 12 patients (38.7%), tumor regression (complete or partial response) was obtained after chemotherapy. Tumor regression rate was higher in ERCC1 positive patients than those with negative ERCC1 expression (66.7% vs. 27.3%, p=0.036). In conclusion, high expression of ERCC1 was associated with higher response rate to cisplatin-based regimens in patients with SCLC.
Decision-Making in Mastitis Prevention and Control at Regional, Herd and Individual Levels Based on Epidemiological and Economic Studies
The objective of this review is to describe results of epidemiological and economic studies carried out in Brazil that can assist in the decision making process at the region, herd and individual levels for the prevention and control of bovine mastitis. At regional and herd-levels, we present data from a time series analysis comparing somatic cell counts in herds located in Brazil and in the United States (US), an estimation of the prevalence of contagious mastitis pathogens in a specific population of herds located at the state of Minas Gerais, and finally we report the identification of risk factors for new and chronic intramammary infections within herds located at the state of Santa Catarina. The outcomes of epidemiological studies that support the decision making process at herd- and individual-level are related to the decrease in prevalence of contagious mastitis pathogens in the herd as well as the estimate of the economic impact of mastitis occurrence.
“What Matters to You?”: Shared Decision Making in the Post-Paternalistic Era of Oral Health
We live in an individualistic age. People can follow who they like on social media, read news that aligns with their preconceived notions of right and wrong, and generally avoid critical engagement with ideas they disagree with or situations that make them uncomfortable. This modern phenomenon has led to quick judgement and rapid recoil when others share ideas or information that challenges the inertia of their beliefs and choices. In a post-expertise culture [1], people simply don’t want to be told what to do. This is a problem for the profession of dentistry, where the prevailing paternalistic norms for the better part of the past 150 years have focused on the dentist as the unilateral authority, with the primary responsibility of promoting oral health through “education” or “counseling” – polite euphemisms for telling people what to do. Despite our growing body of scientific evidence showing we can keep people and their teeth healthy, we have become collectively exasperated that this evidence-based information isn’t enough to change the behaviors necessary to prevent disease. As healthcare providers, we wonder why people have stopped listening (if they ever really did). But stepping back, we only need to think for a minute about our current cultural milieu, where
the curation of consensus leaves us unfollowed, and worse, blocked.
The Effect of Salbutamol Nebul Treatment on Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmoner Disease
The occurrence of pulmonary hypertension [PHT] in patients with chronic obstructive pulmoner disease [COPD] usually indicates progression of the disease and poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of oxygen and bronchodilator treatment on systolic pulmonary artery pressure induced by exertion test in patients with COPD.
Editorial Board Members Related to CIs
Rasha Sayed Hanafi
Associate Professor
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical analysis
German University
Egypt
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical analysis
German University
Egypt
Sherif Wagih Mansour
Professor
Department of Biomedical Sciences
King Faisal University
Saudi Arabia
Department of Biomedical Sciences
King Faisal University
Saudi Arabia
JOE DEUTSCH
Associate Professor
Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences
North Dakota State University
United States
Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences
North Dakota State University
United States
Gary Lee Francis
Professor
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Medical College of Virginia
United States
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Medical College of Virginia
United States
Jennifer Chan
Associate Professor
Institute for Gender, Race, Sexuality and Social Justice
University of British Columbia
Canada
Institute for Gender, Race, Sexuality and Social Justice
University of British Columbia
Canada
Sohail Mushtaq
Senior Lecturer
Department of Clinical Sciences
University of Chester
United Kingdom
Department of Clinical Sciences
University of Chester
United Kingdom
Angela Chale
Assistant Professor
Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences
Montclair State University
United States
Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences
Montclair State University
United States
VICTORIA J VIEIRA-POTTER
Assistant Professor
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology
University of Missouri
United States
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology
University of Missouri
United States
Hasan Sarptaş
Assistant Professor
Ege University Solar Energy Institute
Turkey
Ege University Solar Energy Institute
Turkey
Ranjana Bhattacharjee
Molecular Geneticist
Bioscience Center
IITA, Ibadan
Nigeria
Bioscience Center
IITA, Ibadan
Nigeria