Articles Related to Children
Imaging in Children with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is most common bacterial infection in childhood, and it may be the first symptom of congenital anomaly of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) in 30% of children. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important
for the prevention of acute complications as well as renal scarring
Effects of High-Intensity Circuit Training on Body Composition and Selected Cardiovascular Parameters in Overweight and Obese Children Aged 9-12
The problem of excess body weight is becoming an epidemic in the general population, especially among children aged to 12 years old. Efforts are being made to find a way to retreat the unfavorable changes related with obesity. This
problem is escalating, and the direction of effective protective actions is not sufficiently recognized. The research presented
in this study demonstrate the range of changes in overweight and obese children after an 8 weeks of circuit training program, with simultaneous parental education on modifying their children dietary habits
Assessment of Nutritional Support and its Correlation with Outcome of Critically Ill Children
Malnutrition is a major challenge in caring for critically ill children. Therefore we aimed to assess the nutritional
status in critically ill pediatrics. Methods: This is a prospective observational study carried out on180 children admitted into Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
(PICU) of Menoufia University Hospital. Clinical examination performed including anthropometric measurement, screening
for malnutrition risk using Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and determination of disease severity by Pediatric
Risk of Mortality score (PRISM)
The Impact of Exploring Chromosome Philadelphia like on the Prognosis of Children and Teenager ALL
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is considered as the most common pediatric malignancy with 80% of frequency in children between 1 and 10 years old. With the evolution of science, improved diagnosis and adapted treatment, all survival rates
increased to a possibility of 80%.
Philadelphia chromosome like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-Like ALL) is a recent genetic discovery characterized by a
gene expression profile and high frequency of IKZF1 gene alteration similar to that of BCR-ABL1 positive ALL with a poor
outcome.
Awareness towards Dental and Oral Health among Parents of Children Undergoing Anti-Cancer Treatment
The study aimed to assess the attitudes toward dental and oral health of parents of children receiving anti-cancer
treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was based on a convenience sample of parents of 50 pediatric patients who
were receiving anti-cancer treatment (study group) and 62 parents of healthy children (control group). Questionnaires were
distributed to assess awareness towards oral and dental care.
Genetic Relatedness and Characterization of O25b-B2-ST131, in Stool Isolates of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia Coli Strains in Healthy Children under 10 Years of Age
Background and Purpose: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the multidrug-resistant pathogens, producing extendedspectrum beta-lactamase enzymes. Molecular typing of this pathogen can be useful for determining the source of dissemination and transfer of resistance and virulence genes of these isolates. Considering the significance of infection in children, in this study, we examined the stool flora of children (<10 years) to show the characteristics and clonal relationship of the isolates.
Pseudotumor Cerebri Associated with Enteric Fever in a Child: A Case Report
Enteric fever is a common infection of tropical countries that can have a variety of neurological complications. Reported
neurological complications are encephalopathy, eningism, spastic paralysis-cerebral origin, convulsions, meningitis,
parkinsonian syndrome, sensory motor neuropathy, cerebellar involvement, and schizophrenic psychosis. The patient,
who was diagnosed with enteric fever and started treatment, developed headache and blurred vision 5 days after the
treatment. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis secondary to enteric fever and related pseudotumor cerebri were detected
in the patient. When additional symptoms develop despite treatment in patients with enteric fever, complications such as
thrombosis and pseudotumor cerebri should be considered.
Factors Influencing Adherence to Hydroxyurea Treatment Among Children with Sickle Cell Disease at the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation
Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobin disease for which there are many treatment options. Evidence supports the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of hydroxyurea (HU). Nevertheless, its use and adherence to treatment remain suboptimal, hence, the necessity to assess the factors influencing this observance.
Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the factors influencing observance to HU in children with sickle cell disease from the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation (MCC of the CBF).
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from January to June 2020. Children on HU for at least six months, and followed up at MCC of the CBF were included. Data collection was done using a pre-tested questionnaire. The level of compliance was assessed using the Morisky’s observance grid, where 8 points was considered as “good”; 6-7 points as “fair”, and <6 as “poor”. Data were stored in CSPro version 7.0 software, and subsequently analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software.
Results: Of 142 patients recruited, the level of patient observance was considered “good” in 2.1%, fair in 26.1% and poor in 71.8%. Logistic regression analyses suggested that using hydroxyurea to prevent complications was the only factor that favored good medical adherence [OR=0.37; CI (0.14-0.987)] (p=0.047). Poor compliance was mainly associated with the fear of infertility and and other sides effects associated with the use of HU.
Conclusion: Children with SCD in this study have poor compliance with HU. Implementing IEC sessions would make it possible to raise patient/parent awareness and reverse this trend.
Evaluation of the Parodontal Health of Schoolchildren from Widou in Ferlo (Senegal)
Introduction: Mechanical disorganization of the bacterial biofilm is the cornerstone of the prevention of gingivitis and periodontitis periodontal diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the periodontal health of schoolchildren in Widou, Ferlo.
Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of schoolchildren living in Widou in the centre of Ferlo. The survey was exhaustive and concerned the only school in the locality. The epidemiological data collected concerned oral hygiene practice, periodontal health and socio-demographic characteristics such as sex, age and educational level. The degree of hygiene was assessed by the Silness and Loe plaque index (Plaque Index); inflammation and bleeding on probing were assessed by the Loe and Silness gingival index (Gingival Index).
Results: In a total of 126 schoolchildren, boys and girls were equally represented and the average age was 10 years +/- 2.16.Sixty-nine percent (69%) of the children examined did not use a toothbrush. Of these, more than 47% reported brushing 3 times a day. The plaque index mean value was 1.23 and 99.2% of the population had a moderate plaque control. The average gingival index was 0.96 and 80.2% of the sample had moderate gingival inflammation.
Conclusion: The study showed a relatively low rate of toothbrush use in contrast to the tooth stick and a relatively high rate of periodontal index. Communication-based approaches to behaviour change in children are needed to improve periodontal health.
Immunological Analysis of Active Tuberculosis Infection in Children and Adolescents
The latent tuberculosis infection worldwide is determined by about 1.7 billion people. Identification of latent tuberculosis infection and prevention of the development of the disease is one of the highest priority tasks in the global radical reduc- tion of the burden of tuberculosis. The research is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of cellular and humoral anti- gen-specific immunological methods for determining the initial signs of tuberculosis infection activity when examining children and adolescents with a latent form of this infection. Cellular immunological reactions in contrast to the determi- nation of specific antibodies of blood serum using the recombinant specific protein ESAT-6-CFP-10, were not sufficiently effective in differentiating active and latent infections.
Determination of antibodies to the ESAT-6-CFP-10 protein with analysis of the specific activity criterion and determina- tion of an increased concentration of neopterin up to 9 nM/L in blood plasma samples made it possible to reveal signs of tuberculosis infection activity. These results have been confirmed by the results of chest computed tomography of children and adolescents with the determination tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes or small intrapulmonary (2-5 mm) intrapulmonary foci, including those with signs of calcification.
Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Tic Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
This study was conducted to summarize the published observational data on the relationship between vitamin D status and the likelihood of TD. Methods: A systematic research on published articles until June 2021 was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WangFang database and VIP database.
Transversal Pertussis Sero-Epidemiological Study in Fully Vaccinated Children and Adolescents in Antananarivo, Madagascar, and in Dapaong, Togo
African region is thought to contribute to >50% of deadly cases of pertussis worldwide, however surveillance and available data on Bordetella pertussis circulation are limited. Currently, pertussis vaccination schedule in most African countries is restricted to a primary immunization consisting of three doses during the first year of life using whole
pertussis vaccines for which effectiveness is not known.
Iatrogenic Laryngotracheal Stenosis in Children: a Case Report
Laryngotracheal stenosis is one of the important causes of pediatric airway obstruction, and the etiology can be classified as
congenital and acquired. With the widespread use of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy in pediatric emergency, iatrogenic
laryngotracheal stenosis is gradually replacing trauma and infection as the major cause of acquired laryngotracheal stenosis [1].
Nowadays, open surgery is the first choice for severe laryngotracheal stenosis cases [1,2]. Here, we describe a case of childhood
iatrogenic severe laryngotracheal stenosis, and the reflection on the current treatment methods of children with laryngotracheal
stenosis.
Mental Health and Psychological Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic
As the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic sweeps across the world, it is causing widespread concern, fear and stress, all of which are natural and normal reactions to the changing and uncertain situation that everyone finds themselves in. “The issue facing each and every one of us is how we manage and react to the stressful situation unfolding so rapidly in our lives and communities. Here we can draw on the remarkable powers of strength and cooperation that we also fortunately possess as humans. And that is what we must try to focus on to respond most effectively to this crisis as individuals, family and community members, friends and colleagues,” said Dr Hans Henri P. Kluge, WHO Regional Director for Europe.
Editorial Board Members Related to Children
SHAMSUN NAHAR
Professor
Department of Family & Community Medicine
King Khalid University
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Department of Family & Community Medicine
King Khalid University
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Hongbin Fang
Associate Professor
Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Biomathematics
Georgetown University
United States
Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Biomathematics
Georgetown University
United States
MARCO CARUSELLI
Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit
La Timone Children’s Hospital
France
La Timone Children’s Hospital
France
PRABHAKARAN
Professor
Department of Surgery
National University of Singapore
Singapore
Department of Surgery
National University of Singapore
Singapore
Henry Lawrence Dorkin
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
United Stated
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
United Stated
JAMES G. CAIN
Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
United States
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
United States
Chandan Saha
Associate Professor
Department of Biostatistics
School of Medicine
Indiana University
United states
Department of Biostatistics
School of Medicine
Indiana University
United states
Shengwen Calvin Li
Faculty Scientist
Center for Neuroscience and Stem Cell Research
University of California-Irvine School of Medicine
United States
Center for Neuroscience and Stem Cell Research
University of California-Irvine School of Medicine
United States
Sheila Barrett
Assistant Professor
Department of Nutrition
Northern Illinois University
United States
Department of Nutrition
Northern Illinois University
United States