Articles Related to Embryo
In-vitro Regeneration in Maize (Zea Mays L.) from Mature Embryo
Maize is an economically important crop worldwide. As the world population increases, there is a great need to develop
high yielding and stress resistant maize varieties. To provide a future platform for maize improvement, we tested mature embryos as alternative explants for the regeneration of three economically important maize inbred lines: CML331, CML442
and CML444.
Penicillin-Streptomycin Induces Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiation into Cardiomyocytes through MAPK signal pathway
Penicillin and streptomycin are the most commonly used to prevent bacterial infection or contamination in cell culture. However, the role of Penicillin-streptomycin on inducing mouse embryonic stem cells(mESCs) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes is unclear. To illustrate the mechanism of penicillin-streptomycin on inducing mESCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes, we firstly investigated mESCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes by the traditional method. The time- space expressions of cardiac-specific genes were detected by real-time PCR and western blotting at 8 different time-points over a period of 36 days. Furthermore, action potentials were measured by patch clamp for mESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Embryonic bodies through hanging drop method, were incubated with penicillin-streptomycin (P/S) at different concentrations (1×PBS, 1×, 2×, 5×), and then, the number of cardiomyocytes and expression levels of myocardial marker proteins were detected by flow cytometry, cellular immunofluorescence, and western blotting, respectively. We found that the SSEA-1 of mESC presented green fluorescence, and H.E. staining showed karyoplasmic ratio >>1. Besides, TNNI3, TNNT2, ACTN2 and MYL-2v were clearly visible by cellular immunofluorescence. Furthermore, the ACTN2 positive cells rate of 2× and 5× groups were remarkably higher than that in Cntl (1×PBS) group and 1× group (10 Units/mL penicillin; 10 μg/mL streptomycin), as well as the expressions of GATA4, MYL-2v, TNNI3, ACTN2
Poor Metabolic Quality Embryo is Capable to Implant – A Case Report
There has been little advance in embryo selection criteria since the first IVF. To this day, we select embryos by morphological criteria, which provide little information as to the actual embryo quality.
Natural Egg Mortality of the African Grey Tree Frog, Chiromantis xerampelina (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae)
Rainfall patterns are recognised as important for normal ecosystem functioning in arid environments. Most attempts made to understand the effect of rainfall on amphibian ecology have focused on long-term rather than short-term trends. Here, factors effecting embryonic mortality and clutch size of the African foam nesting frog Chiromantis xerampelina were examined at two ponds from April – June in 2011-2012 in Malawi. A total of 73 foam nests were monitored following spawning. On average 29% of eggs in 2011 and 26% in 2012 suffered mortality from both ponds and this mortality significantly varied between nests. Linear regression showed that the date of spawning had a significant effect on mortality due to moisture requirements of the eggs. The height of nests over the water surface had a negative impact on clutch size and increased rainfall decreased egg mortality in both years at both ponds. In a changing climate, with rainfall projected to become more infrequent in this region, organisms may not be able to rely on rainfall patterns as cues for reproduction, which may have a negative impact on amphibian populations.
Diagnostic Approaches towards Camelpox Disease
Camelpox is routinely diagnosed based on clinical signs, pathological findings and cellular and molecular assays.
Improvements to In Vitro Culture Media for Use in Bovine IVF
In assisted reproduction of cattle the design and preparation of in vitro culture media has been instrumental in supporting the development of bovine oocytes and embryos. In vitro production (IVP) involves three main sequential steps: oocyte aspiration and in vitro maturation (IVM); in vitro fertilization (IVF); and in vitro culture (IVC) of early pre-implantation embryos.
Frenectomy as a Treatment Modality for Minimal Median Cleft of the Upper Lip
Cleft lip is a common craniofacial anomaly. Median cleft lip is a midline vertical cleft through the upper lip. Of all the types of clefts, minimal Median cleft of the upper lip is a very rare craniofacial anomaly.
Requirements for Cryopreservation of In Vitro-Produced Bovine Embryos by a Standard Method of Vitrification
In relation to assisted mammalian reproduction, the goal of cryopreservation is to preserve without significant loss of viability a stock of gametes and/or embryos with a view to thawing those cells for use in in vitro reproduction treatments. There are numerous cryopreservation protocols, which vary in terms of cryoprotectant used, storage temperature, freezing and thawing rates, and the particular cells that they are suitable for preserving.
Influence of Maternal Nutritional Factors on Ovarian Folliculogenesis in Cattle
Assisted reproductive technologies, such as artificial insemination and embryo transfer, have produced significant outcomes in cattle. These technologies are useful not only for improving fertility but also for increasing the rate of genetic change in beef and dairy livestock. Today, embryo transfer in cattle is both practical and commercially viable. However, bovine embryo transplantation still remains suboptimal under on-farm conditions, one of the main reasons for which may be inefficient nutritional management.
A Highly Efficient Culture Technique for Derivation of Motor Neurons from Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Motor Neuron Diseases (MND) are a group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy motor neurons, cells that control essential muscle activity. Despite the advances in treatment modalities, the overall survival rate has not changed for decades. This is mainly due to the lack of effective methods.
Hydrocephalus in Congenital Rubella Syndrome: A Case Report
The Congenital Rubella Syndrome is a multisystemic disease and CNS involvement occurs in the form of microcephaly, mental/motor disabilities, leptomeningitis, encephalitis, vascular damage and retardation of myelination. We report a case of gross non-communicating hydrocephalus in a neonate of Congenital Rubella Syndrome which is a rare presentation.
Benefits and Constraints of Vitrification Technologies for Cryopreservation of Bovine In Vitro Fertilized Embryos
Cryopreservation is the use of ultra-low temperatures to preserve whole living cells and tissues in order to retain their structural
integrity and maintain their physiological viability. It enables long term storage of cells in order to circumvent the need for continuous in vitro culture. When cryopreserving bovine embryos there are two means of cryopreservation: slow programmable freezing and vitrification. While controlled-rate and slow freezing can be applied widely to in vivo derived-embryos, this methodology remains less successful for embryos produced in vitro.
An Interesting Coexistence of a Classical-Nodular and an Adenoid-Ulcerous Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Same Anatomic Location
Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of the skin, and the most common carcinoma found in some countries. The main clinical subtypes of BCC are nodular, superficial, pigmented and morpheaform. The majority of the lesions appear on the head and neck, with a particular predilection on the upper central part of the face.
The Updated International Veterinary Anatomical and Embryological Nomenclatures
The international nomenclature of the anatomical, histological and embryological terms is known as Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (N.A.V.), Nomina Histologica Veterinaria (N.H.V.) and Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria (N.E.V.).
Editorial Board Members Related to Embryo
Ramani Ramchandran
Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Medical College of Wisconsin
United States
Department of Pediatrics
Medical College of Wisconsin
United States
NAZMUL HOQUE
Assistant Professor
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University
Bangladesh
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University
Bangladesh
Abdelmonem Awad Hegazy
Department in Faculty of Medicine
University of Zagazig
Egypt
University of Zagazig
Egypt
HAMID A SALEH
Professor
Department of Anatomy and Embryology
King Abdulaziz University
Saudi Arabia
Department of Anatomy and Embryology
King Abdulaziz University
Saudi Arabia
Jing Yang
Associate Professor
Department of Comparative Biosciences
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
United States
Department of Comparative Biosciences
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
United States
Ashraf Youssef Nasr
Associate professor
Department of Anatomy & Embryology
Zagazig University
Egypt
Department of Anatomy & Embryology
Zagazig University
Egypt
JIANGUO ZHAO
Professor of “100 talent” at the Institute of Zoology
Chinese Academy of Sciences
China
Chinese Academy of Sciences
China
Antonio Simone Lagana
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Messina
Italy
University of Messina
Italy
Ahmed Ragab Gaber Ahmed
Faculty of Science
Beni-Suef University
Egypt
Beni-Suef University
Egypt
Afrooz Habibi
Assistant Professor
Department of Anatomical Science
School of Medicine
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services
Tehran, Iran.
Department of Anatomical Science
School of Medicine
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services
Tehran, Iran.