Articles Related to Emergency

Background and Purpose: Ischemic stroke is a treatable medical emergency. The diagnosis of stroke is mainly clinical and not always so obvious. Intravenous thrombolysis treatment with altepase IV and endovascular treatment have been proved as fist-line beneficial options for eligible patients who have acute ischemic stroke. However, approximately 30% of patients who experience an acute neurological deficit compatible with ischemic stroke fall into the category of "stroke mimics"

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Therapeutic Hypothermia has been evolving as a science in itself since a very long time. There have been many accidents chronicled wherein people were buried alive in snow or under ice in frigid waters, left scientifically dead without any signs of heartbeat and breathing, only to be revived many hours later. The most notable case being that of Anna Bagenholm from Sweden.

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Since December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reached catastrophic proportions. Many patients required admission to the intensive care units (ICU), stressing the capacity of public health systems. The workload in the emergency departments (ED), especially the ICU, has dramatically increased, creating a pressing need to optimize resources through risk stratification for critically ill COVID-19 patients.

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Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in USA, nearly 90% of them fatal and Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), especially if administered immediately after cardiac arrest, can double or triple a person’s chance of survival. CPR by training persons increases the frequency the survival rate. Therefore, we aim to look into the common pitfalls that both medical students and genior physicians face in the recognition and dealing Compression in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with its outcome.

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Intrauterine devices are one of the most common and effective versions of contraceptive. There have been many reports in the past of these devices perforating the uterus and being found in the bladder, peritoneum, and colon to name a few. In this paper we present the case of a woman who presented to the emergency department with severe hydronephrosis and associated pyelonephritis as result of intrauterine device migration into the patient’s fallopian tube causing ureter compression. Interestingly, she had also given birth to two healthy infants since having intrauterine device placed and assumed that it had fallen out years prior. To the best of our knowledge there have been very few such cases reported in the literature

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is trauma to the area of the vertebrae resulting in spinal cord lesions resulting in neurological disorders, depending on the location of the spinal nerve damage and the injured nerve tissue. The symptoms of SCI can range from pain and paralysis to incontinence. SCI due to trauma is estimated to occur in 30-40 per million population per year, and about 8,000- 10,000 sufferers each year; generally, occurs in adolescents and young adults. Although the annual incidence of events is relatively low, the cost of care and rehabilitation for spinal cord injuries is very high, at around US $ 53,000 / patient.

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Injuries are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among the non-communicable diseases. They also represent a big economic burden in countries worldwide. Substance abuse and injuries both are dangerous phenomena in all countries. The relation between addiction and injuries is obscure, and what occurs first is the question. The aim of this work was to determine the pattern of injuries in patients attended to the emergency department of Alexandria Main University Hospital and its relation to substance use.

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This article describes the procedure we followed in a small rural medical capacity in Greece, to improve a crucial aspect of the everyday clinical practice and adopt a culture of auto-regulation through the procedure of Audit. As Doctors of the Amfiklia Health Center we are often called to leave the office and deal with emergency cases out of the Health Center. It was common ground that the maintenance of the Emergency Bag we use in these cases is neglected. We audited our practice using certain standards, analyzed the findings, recommended regulations, implemented the changes and re-audited our practice. At the end of this project we managed to ensure that the Emergency Bag has almost all of the necessary drugs and consumables which will be in-date. We also managed to improve our practice with regards to the appropriate recording of the Controlled Drugs used during such cases.

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The purpose of this study was to use the computerized database of princess Rahma teaching hospital for children to analyze the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6 months - 12 years attending the emergency room of the hospital.

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Fahr Disease (FD) is a rare disorder presenting with basal ganglia calcification and its etiology is still unknown. Although, the common cause of the disease is asymptomatic, but it might manifest with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Dizziness is one of the common symptoms at emergency services and mostly it requires advanced examination to establish a final diagnosis. When a neurological condition is suspected to cause dizziness, it is tried to be diagnosed by imaging methods such as Cranial Computed Tomography (CT) and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and knowing the relationship between calcification and symptoms will keep the patient away from unnecessary investigations.

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Patients admitted to the emergency room or intensive care units (ICUs) need real-time monitoring of body oxygen balance. As of today, the availability of monitoring devices that provide real-time data on tissue level of oxygen homeostasis is very limited. The involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in many pathological states such as stroke, sepsis or heart failure is calling for a real-time evaluation of this intracellular organelle. In order to avoid the deterioration of the most vital organs in the body (brain and heart), we are proposing to monitor a less vital organ, such as the urethral wall, that serves as an early warning signal for the deterioration of body oxygen balance.

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Patients under two years of age who were admitted Emergency Department (ED) within three months due to MHT and who underwent cranial CT scan were included in the study. Trauma mechanisms, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, symptoms (crying/unrest, vomiting, to refuse eating, drowsiness, loss of consciousness) and clinical signs (hyperemia/ecchymosis, abrasion, skin laceration, cephalohematoma, fontanel bulging) were retrospectively screened.

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A 55 year-old man with signs and symptoms of severe sepsis was admitted to the emergency department. He is severely obese with a BMI of 80 Kg/ m2 and a medical history of hypertension and arrhythmia. The abdominal pain was non-specific and the physical examination was impaired by obesity. Ultrasonography (US) was ineffective and no computed tomography (CT) scan was available for a patient of his weight. The acute abdomen presented an inflammatory etiology. The patient underwent laparoscopy and severe cholecystitis was diagnosed and treated. The patient recovered well, and remained for 36h in the intensive care unit and 5 days in the surgical ward.

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is responsible for the pathogenesis and poor outcomes of several types of cancers, including advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Molecular-targeted drugs on the other hand, such as trastuzumab, prolong overall survival and progression-free survival in HER2-positive gastric cancer. The purpose of the case report is to evaluate the impact of delivering trastuzumab in advanced gastric cancer with concomitant HER2 mutation and amplification.

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