Articles Related to Emissions
Carbon-Dioxide Emissions Due to Fossil Fuels Consumption
A majority of Carbon-dioxide including smaller amounts of methane and nitrous are emitted from the consumption of
fossil fuels around the world to meet the sustainable development goals and global prosperity. Studies have shown that the
increase in greenhouse gases has negative effects on human health, and the environment around us. Emissions from the
consumption of fossil fuels in factories and industries either to produce electricity or transport people, goods and services
cause the release of CO2 and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The majority of industrial energy is supplied by nonrenewable energy resources, which mainly consist of fossil fuels. Currently, fossil fuels are the main source of energy and
are concentrated in some regions of the world, therefore direct contamination occurs in areas where they are stored or
processed. A majority of electricity consumed by cities and countries across the world is produced from fossil fuels, which
accounts for the highest percentage of overall CO2 production in that particular country. People will share the common
global environmental problems, either it is local or regional, hence immediate actions are needed to tackle problems at
national and regional and global levels. Fortunately, with the advent of new technologies and intervention strategies, it is
possible to reduce pollution and reduce the rate of rising global temperature that might result in better economy and ecological systems as well as providing sustainable energy resources. In this research the data on nonrenewable energy sources, fossil fuel reserves in different regions, production and consumption rate of fossils have been identified and reviewed.
Additionally, mathematical calculation has been done to find the carbon dioxide emission amounts, both international
and national legislations as well as further recommendations have been provided to reduce or prevent emissions.
Pollutant Emissions of Vehicle Tyres and Pavement in Real Driving Conditions
Non-exhaust road transport emissions, particularly tyre-pavement abrasion, contribute to poor air quality. This original work is on particle emissions caused by tyre-pavement abrasion in real driving conditions in urban, suburban and motorway areas. The collected data were analyzed according to the size, the number and chemical identification. Multivariate analysis provided clusters of size and chemical elements. Results showed the predominant particles (diameter φ < 1 μm and φ ε]1-2 μm]) for urban and suburban experiments, and ]1- 3 μm] on motorways. A confirmed shift phenomenon at the close-to-the-source showed particles of large sizes [5- 10 μm]. The obtained clusters were: 1. Aluminosilicate, iron compounds, silicate free of aluminum (70%). 2. Ferrosilicon, silica, compounds of calcium, manganese, iron oxide, compounds of aluminum, sulfur, copper and zinc (29%). 3. A mix of various traces (1%). This paper will contribute to the development of new green technologies dedicated to improving sustainable road transport.
To Analyze the Casual Effect of Economic Growth, Energy Use on Fossil Fuel Consumption in Sub Saharan Africa with Structural Breaks
The study seeks to investigate the casual effect of the efficient energy use and GDP (economic growth) on fossil fuel consumption (Nonrenewable) for the sub Saharan Africa for the period 1980 to 2014. The study also seeks to investigate solutions to environmental issues. Zivot-Andrews unit root test with a structural break, Phillips and Perron unit root test with structural break revealed that the investigated variables become stationary at first-differences. The Gregory-Hansen cointegration test with a structural break shows efficient energy use, economic growth and energy consumption are co-integrated. The long-run estimates obtained from the VECM model indicate that in account of the changes in the structure of the economies, the environmental Kuznets curve does not exist due to validity of a U shaped curve. An increase in output growth (GDP) and efficient energy use positively affect environmental pollution. Based on the findings of this study, the study recommends investment in green technology as the economy growths.
Assessment of Dietary and Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Group of Twenty (G20) and the World
Correlation formulas are developed to estimate the dietary and total greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) from Group of Twenty (G20) and the world in 2014 and 2017 using personal meat consumption as the required input. Among the 43 states involved in G20, the 28 states of the European Union (EU28) are considered as a whole. Based on 47,381 dietary survey samples, a formula is developed to establish the relationship between the meat consumption and GHGEs from human dietary and total activities.