Articles Related to GM

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS), also known as testicular feminization, is a rare medical condition that has garnered increased attention in recent years due to evolving research and therapeutic approaches [1,2], as well as the psychological repercussions it has on patients and the risk of being associated not only with sex cord–stromal tumors but also with rare mesenchymal tumors [3]. AIS results from anomalies in the X chromosome and leads individuals with an XY genotype to exhibit various degrees of female physical traits or complete feminine characteristics

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The primary donor sites for collecting bone in the oral cavity to replace missing ridges are the mandibular symphysis or ramus. Although successful, these bone transplants can nevertheless raise a number of issues, including donor site morbidity, nerve paresthesia, the devitalization of native teeth, and postoperative sequelae . Allogeneic block grafts were developed to address these concerns and a lack of autogenous intraoral bone available for grafting

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Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a puzzling clinical entity, coupled with potential multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, often makes disease classification, investigation and management difficult. Despite presence of myocardial damage and increased risk for the future, many patients are discharged undiagnosed, thus the specific cause is not effectively treated.

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Therapeutic response to anti-TNF antibody treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases is strongly influenced by transmembrane tumor necrosis factor (mTNF) expression in the intestinal mucosa. Fluorescent anti-TNF antibodies applied for in vivo molecular endoscopy have shown to be able to quantify mucosal mTNF expression in real-time and predict response to subsequent anti-TNF treatment in individual patients with Crohn’s.

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Early blight is one of the major diseases of tomatoes that affects the leaves and fruit quality. Detection and estimation of the disease severity are performed using the visual observation method. Visual detection requires significant time for visual inspection of a large cultivated area. Thus, image processing techniques have proven to be an effective method as compared to visual analysis. In this study, digital image processing methods and techniques were used to detect early blight of tomato, estimate the disease severity, and classify tomato leaves. Totally, 198 infected plants were randomly taken from the Haramaya University research site "Raree" at four different times. Diseased potato leaf images were captured, resized, and stored for experimentation. The stored images were processed using median filtering to remove noise while preserving useful features in an image and image enhancement. The RGB images were transformed to gray scale and CIELAB color space, and the k-means clustering was applied to estimate the disease severity of the potato leaves, and Otsu’s thresholding algorithm was applied to estimate the disease severity of both the detached and live leaves. MATLAB algorithms will be developed to determine the total area and infected lesion area of the leaf samples.

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Low temperature (but above-freezing) during germination and early seedling growth of chilling-sensitive crop is one of the most significant limiting factors in the productivity. 2,4-Epibrassinolide (24-EB) is one of the most active forms of brassinosteroids are multifunctional plant hormones that can regulate development and respond to abiotic stresses. The effect of seed-pretreatment with 24-EB (12.5 μg/L) on photosynthetic characteristics, membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activities under chilling stress were investigated in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars: Kulon (early ripening) and Yakhont (mid-early). Results showed that the use of 24-EB led to more pronounced changes in the pigment composition in Yakhont in the absence of a stress factor, whereas in Kulon under chilling stress (2 o C for 24 h). 24-EB pretreatment minimized the damage to cell membranes in tomato plants caused by chilling stress. The tolerance to chilling stress in Yakhont was higher than Kulon (by electrolyte leakage and content of malondialdehyde assay). Under these conditions, oxidative processes in plants of Yakhont did not show significant difference. We have not established the effect of 24-EB on the level of low molecular weight antioxidants in tomato cultivars (measured by inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical method). The antioxidant activity of leaf extracts in Yakhont was twice as high as in Kulon under all experimental conditions (with/without 24-EB, 22/2 o C). It was concluded that the less pronounced reaction of plants of Yakhont to the use of 24-EB and chilling stress is due to their genetically determined higher cold resistance than that of Kulon.

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The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected the whole world causing the lives of many victims. Africa has recorded more than a million cases and Cameroon around 18,600 cases (August 2020) since the first case was notified. The rapid spread of this disease, (among other factors), could have contributed to create a situation of fear and stigma among affected populations. It is, therefore, necessary to identify the characteristics of this stigma and its effect on the case management of this disease.

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Melanoma is one of the most fatal disorders dermatologists have to diagnose and treat. Despite its prevalence and seriousness, there has been no protocol with consensus suggesting systematic approach for diagnosis and treatment of pigmented lesions. A series of 141 melanomas diagnosed and managed over five years in an Australian dermatology clinicare presented. Also a systematic approach has been suggested for the management of suspicious pigmented lesions and melanomas. It is hoped that this paper provides a platform to open discussion for the development of the best systematic approach.

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For renal sympathetic laser denervation (RSLD) we have tested endoluminal, segmental, laser catheter radiation of renal arteries by using continuous wave 1064nm Nd:YAG laser light. A total of 74 laser impacts at 15 to 20W/15-80 s (4.5 to 30 J/mm²) were applied in the left (n=34) and the right (n=40) renal artery in 6 anesthetized healthy pigs by using the open irrigated laser catheter RytmoLas® (CE 0481), introduced via the femoral artery and manipulated under X-ray control towards the renal arteries by means of a steerable AGILIS sheath.

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Efficient orthogonal arrays with three factors having two, three and four levels were constructed with balance and orthogonal property for lowest common multiples of runs. The two forms of balance coefficient were used for classifying the designs into two; and minimum aberration criteria were used to determine designs with less aberration. The designs constructed using the maximum form of balance coefficient has the less aberration in both the Generalized Minimum Aberration and Minimum Moment Aberration criteria.

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Imitation is considered as a platform for interdisciplinary studies where social sciences, cognitive psychology, neurobiology and neurocybernetics interact, as well as clinical psychology. It is often used to explore various and several scientific fields but few works have investigated a series of linked successive motor actions. The current work aimed to study and expand the findings regarding which information subjects of different populations selected and included for reproducing demonstrated model ’actions. 120 children of 6 age groups divided between 3 years and 8 years, associated to autistic and deficient children were tested in this present study. This developmental scale completed, should provide a baseline for understanding in what type of constraints the autistic child would be specifically deficient in the management of his imitation. The comparison with mentally deficient children also seemed indispensable. The children’s imitative responses were videotaped, coded in dichotomy data, and then put into percentage. Our expected goal is to characterize the traits of autistic motor skills in reference to normal and mentally deficient development.

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Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is characterized by a progressive fragmentation and calcification of elastic fibers in connective tissue and when Bruch membrane (BM) is affected ocular modifications can be found. Recently, Optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) contribute to a better comprehension of lesions in PXE.

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Stool impaction is an ailment resulted from chronic constipation which commonly found in the elderly population. It causes wide range of potential complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. These complications doubled when elder people experience other comorbidities. A case of an 80 years old lady with advanced dementia, bedridden and non-communicating is presented for clinical study. This patient who was presented with abdominal distention and changes in her mental status was found to have stool impaction based on the clinical and radiological test conducted to her.

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Individuals who are diagnosed with severe mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia have always been viewed publicly as being hazardous, violent, aggressive and unpredictable. Their awareness of the fact that they are being discriminated against and stereotyped results in an intense feeling of being devalued by the society, which is referred to as Self-stigma [1,2].

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