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Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a puzzling clinical entity, coupled with potential multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, often makes disease classification, investigation and management difficult. Despite presence of myocardial damage and increased risk for the future, many patients are discharged undiagnosed, thus the specific cause is not effectively treated.

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Purpose: We aimed to create mechanic optic nerve injury model in rats and investigate the neuroprotective effects of ripasudil on retinal ganglion cells. Study Design: Experimental study Methods: Mechanic optic nerve injury model was created in the right eyes of male Wistar rats (n=15). Rats were divided into three groups: glaucoma model with sham treatment (group1) and 20 µM intravitreal ripasudil treatment (group 2) and 50 µM intravitreal ripasudil treatment (group 3). Treatment was applied intravitreally and rats were sacrificed at the end of 4 weeks. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Brn-3a antibody,anti- Iba1 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: The number of Brn-3a positive RGC in the mechanical optic nerve injury model was 5.33 ± 2.08 (min: 3, max: 7) in sham group, 10.25 ± 2.63 (min: 8, max: 14) in 20 µM group and 16.75 ± 5.43 (min:9, max: 21) in 50 µM group (p <0.05). GFAP positive RGC counts were recorded as 24.33 ± 2.08 (min: 22, max: 26) in sham group, 16.75 ± 1.70 (min: 15, max: 19) in 20 µM group and 13.00 ± 4.08 (min:10 , max: 19) in 50 µM group (p <0.05). Ripasudil treatment also decreased Iba1 expression in the retina of mechanic optic nerve injury groups. In addition, ripasudil treatment prevented apoptotic cell death by increasing Bcl-xL protein expression and preserved Tfam protein expression in the retina. Conclusions: Our experimental study has shown that ripasudil is neuropreotective in mechanical optic nerve injury model.

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Garbage classification has always been an important issue in environmental protection, resource recycling and social life. In order to improve the management level and recycling efficiency of hazardous household waste reducing its environmental and social risks, this paper designed targeted questionnaires and a total of 954 valid questionnaires were collected. Through the analysis of 954 effective online questionnaires, the results indicate that there are obvious deficiencies in the cognition of hazardous domestic waste, Classification and collection techniques, and identification of hazardous domestic waste. Some measures were put forward, such as establishing scientific channels for the collection, recycling and disposal of hazardous domestic waste, perfecting the management system and catalogue of hazardous domestic waste. The results provide a reference for scientific and standardized management of hazardous domestic waste.

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Researchers have made it possible to estimate the length of bones from their fragments in recent times; therefore, the stature can be estimated from the length of the bones so derived. The length of long bones has been the major means through which stature estimates were made. This study aimed to compare the length estimates of the humerus from anatomical landmarks (variables) on the bone and x-ray radiographs of humerus in adult Nigerians.

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In most of the Suicidal Hanging involving young and Adult individual Speculations surrounding the Incident is not unusual. There are instances wherein an Individual is Killed by Strangulation and than Suspended. Hence, It is always important to Study the Death Scene besides the Crime Scene apart from the Postmortem Examination so as to understand the Suicidal Hanging

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Most forensic investigations are done based on the forensic expert’s level of expertise.

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This research investigated the physiological and psychological impact of supine and side lying physical restraint (PR) positions which have been suggested as safer alternatives to prone restraint positions. Twenty adults participated. From baseline Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) reduced by 10.4%, 10.4% and 14.6%, and FEV1 reduced by 7%, 7%, and 12% for supine arms low (SPR-AL), supine arms high (SPR-AH), and Side Lying restraint (SLR) respectively. SLR imposed the greatest Thoracic Weight bearing Pressure (TWP) at 116.1 (±17.5) mmHg, which was ~17% more than SPR-AH, and ~23% more than SPR-AL. HR was unaffected.

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Rehabilitation is a preferable form of reparation mechanisms when there is a violation resulting from acts of torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. The reason is that rehabilitation, as in individual measure, might play an essential role in order to reduce and diminish the consequences of such violations as much as possible. Despite its importance, international law has maintained silence on rehabilitation as an element of reparation for too long and this gap has been filled, on normative ground, by international human rights law conventions and by the jurisprudence of international human rights law mechanisms of the United Nations and Inter-American court of Human Rights Law

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Security agencies are always saddled with huge responsibilities of trying to establish evidences to link a suspect to a particular crime. But in most cases, there are always very limited physical evidences due to the complexity of the crime. However, forensic palynology provides a very good option, because pollen and spores from plants are very minute, ubiquitous in distribution and are seldom useful in recovery of vegetation of a certain locality. This present study aims to assess the feasibility of pollen, spores, and sand grains as associative evidences recovered from a suspect linked with a crime scene. Forensic materials including soil samples from foot wear, dirt from clothes, earlobes and nostrils were retrieved from the body of a suspect at a particular location in Nigeria. The retrieved materials were subjected to standard laboratory palynological, biochemical and lithological procedures. The dionex analysis (anion) and atomic absorption spectrometry (cation) shows great similarity in the results obtained with an exception to Zinc. A considerable similarity was observed in the potential of hydrogen and salinity values of soil samples from both the suspect and crime scene. The lithological data reveals a great correlation in the colour, grain size, grain sorting, and grain texture and grain shape of these two different soil samples. The palynological analysis yielded a recovery of palynomorphs including pollen of Elaeis guineensis, Alchornea cordifoliia, Cassia fistula, Syzygium guineense, Cyperus papyrus, Pteris species and Nephrolepis biserrata were also recovered. This reveals the potential of retrieved materials from the body of a suspect as good sources of pollen and spores. It is however important to corroborate the use of palynomorphs and sand grains with other lines of evidences in solving crime-related disputes.

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Although the use of physical restraint (PR) is accepted, it remains controversial as staff are required to balance professional, ethical and legal tensions between maintaining everyone’s safety, upholding human rights, and minimising harm. One such tension relates to the use of Wrist Flexion Techniques (WFT) used in some health, social care and custodial settings. WFT impose load onto the musculoskeletal structures of the wrist to gain control or compliance from a restrained person, and can result in discomfort, pain, injury, psychological trauma and be detrimental to therapeutic relationships. Current evidence and guidance on WFT are absent with debate existing as to whether WFT can be used without inducing pain. Twenty adults participated in the study. The mean discomfort angle was 90.1° (± 8.6) of flexion with 2.8 Kg (± 1.1) of force, and the mean pain angle was and 98.4° (± 7.9) of flexion with 4.4 Kg (± 1.8) of force, therefore only 8.3° of movement and 1.6 Kg of force separate pain free from pain inducing WFT. Genders did not differ in relation to angle of discomfort or pain. Females experienced discomfort with 1.1Kg less force (p = 0.021) and experienced pain with 1.7Kg less force (p = 0.023). This research challenges the assertion that WFT can exist as non-pain inducing and pain inducing PR techniques since the margin between them may be too small for practitioners to discriminate, particularly during the struggle of real world restraint. Further research may consider other potential pain inducing techniques, and the role and use of PIT during restraint.

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Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is commonly used in equine patients for treatment of orthopedic injuries. Phenylbutazone may adversely affect bone healing because of suppression of prostaglandin production. We hypothesized that administration of the prostaglandin analog misoprostol would enhance bone healing and mitigate the untoward effects of PBZ on bone response to injury in horses. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the administration of misoprostol would enhance bone healing and whether concurrent administration of PBZ and misoprostol would mitigate the untoward effects of phenylbutazone. Twenty horses were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=5 per group): Group 1 (untreated control), Group 2 (phenylbutazone alone), Group 3 (misoprostol, alone), or Group 4 (concurrent treatment with phenylbutazone and misoprostol). A 4.5-mm diameter uni-cortical bone defect was created in one metacarpal III bone of all horses. Fluorochromic bone labels were administered intravenously on Days 0, 7, and 14. Computed tomographic osteoabsorptiometry and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the harvested metacarpal bones. Phenylbutazone treatment caused a decrease in endosteal new bone formation. Administration of misoprostol appeared to mitigate the magnitude of the PBZ effect on new bone formation (endosteal in-growth, p<0.06). Bone specific alkaline phosphatase serum activity decreased throughout the 14-day period of stall confinement. Mineral apposition rates increased in all groups during the period from 7 to 14 days after bone injury. Further research is needed to determine if this effect is significant. The administration of misoprostol may be beneficial to lessen the undesired impact of phenylbutazone on bone healing in horses.

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We think that there is a generalized opinion that nursing professionals have to possess a strong vocation for their profession, which can be compared with the priesthood. In Europe, during the Middle Ages, they were supported by the Catholic Church. It is believed that the first recorded aspects of nursing place the inception of the profession during the height of the Roman Empire, around 300 A.D. It was during this time that the Empire sought to place a hospital within every town under its rule.

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Gherkin, a pure botanical extract from cucumber is a phytonutrient rich vegetable which may have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties. The purpose of this randomized double-blind placebo study was to determine the effects of Gherkin (Cuvitus™, Actido®)on exercise performance, markers of inflammation and acute muscle soreness in healthy males.

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Introduction: In recent years, silver ion based dressings have been widely developed and approved in the market. Meanwhile, methods for selecting appropriate standard models to investigate the silver ion release in vitro and in vivo remains unknown with regard to the safety assessment.Methods and Results: In this study, we have identified that silver ion release in eagle minimum essential mediums(MEM) with 10% fetal calf serum had shown better release kinetics in comparison to other vehicles including simulated body fluid (SBF), 0.9% physiological saline, and 5% glucose.

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The proposed study was undertaken among 152 male and 155 female participants belonging to one population group of North India within age range 18-60 years. They were examined for extra digital flexion creases on the volar surface of all digits. Palm prints were obtained from both the right and left hand of each individual. The result showed that out of 3070 digits of 307 participants, 46 digits from 23 (16 male and 7 female) participants show the prevalence of extra digital flexion crease either on right or left palm.

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