Articles Related to Milk

The study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2021 to assess the bacteriological quality of raw bulk milk from urban and rural local market sites in Borana pastoral area of Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 78 milk samples were collected and analyzed for bacterial load using standard plate count and coliform count techniques and isolation of pathogenic bacteria was conducted. The total mean aerobic bacterial counts of raw bulk milk samples of camel, cow and goat were 8.51 log cfu/ml, 8.73 log cfu/ml and 8.54 log cfu/ml respectively. Regarding the location of milk market sites, the mean total aerobic bacterial count was 8.72 log cfu/ml and 8.49 log cfu/ml in urban and rural milk market sites respectively. The total mean coliform counts of raw bulk milk samples of camel, cow and goat were 6.51log cfu/ml, 6.55 log cfu/ml and 6.47 log cfu/ml respectively. Regarding the location of milk market sites the total mean coliform counts was 6.63 log cfu/ml and 6.40log cfu/ml from urban and rural milk market sites respectively. Comparing the mean differences of the total mean aerobic and coliform bacterial counts, there was no significant mean differences (p>0.05) among the animal milk samples. However, there was significant mean differences (p<0.05) among the milk market sites. Different bacterial species were isolated from camel, cow and goat raw milk sample from the urban and rural milk market sites. The major bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus (both pathogenic and non-pathogenic), Escherichia coli and Bacillus species. Generally, the unhygienic milk handling resulted in poor milk quality in the pastoral area. Therefore, there is a need of training for persons at the various milk market sites on strict hygienic measures to improve the bacteriological safety of cow milk.

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In feeding premature babies, the first choice is the fresh milk from mother and if this is not possible, the donated milk from the HMBs (Human Milk Bank). The support to the donation of the human milk (HM) have proved to be an efficient method of promotion to the breastfeeding.

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The records of 1198 crossbred cattle sired by 68 bulls were analyzed to estimate breeding values of sires using animal model Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML), best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), least squares methods (LSM) and simple daughter average ( D ) sire evaluation methods. The error variance of breeding values of sires were estimated and used in computing the relative efficiency of different sire evaluation methods. In the present study the least squares methods (LSM) have the lower error variance for Age at First Calving (AFC), First lactation milk yield (FLMY) and Lifetime lactation length (LTLL), while (BLUP) methods have the lower error variance for First lactation period (FLP), First dry period (FDP), First calving interval (FCI), First service period (FSP) and Lifetime milk yield (TLMY) as compared to other methods and accordingly, it was adjudged the most efficient sire evaluation method. In the present study, the higher value of coefficient of variation showing, there was very large variation in the herd for most of the traits under study. It indicated that the BLUP method is the best over the other three methods because estimated value of relative efficiency by BLUP method had smaller values than that of the other three methods. On the basis of the error variances of breeding values of sires the BLUP method was found most efficient sire evaluation method.

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To determine the proportion of human milk (pooled and homogenized) fat loss via feeding tube in a simulated 24-hour feeding cycle. Anonymous samples of frozen human milk were obtained, thawed and pooled (pHM) in a 1000 mL glass beaker with a magnetic stir bar. Eight syringes (30 mL each) were prepared and attached to 60” extension tubing and a 5 FR polyurethane or silicone nasogastric (NG) tube. Samples to test for pool uniformity were collected at the beginning, middle and end of syringe preparation. Milk was delivered sequentially via gravity, 30-minute or 60-minute infusion. Pooled human milk was analyzed for macronutrient content at the end of each feeding “cycle”. All scenarios were repeated using homogenized donor human milk (hDHM).

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The study explores the impact of varying levels of added sugar on the sensory characteristics of chocolate milk. Chocolate milk formulations were studied with five levels of added sugar (g): 0 (A), 7 (B), 14 (C), 21 (D) and 28 g (E) in 237 mL of chocolate milk. For Ranking Descriptive Analysis (RDA), the panel was composed of 15 assessors. The acceptance was evaluated by 190 assessors. Sample discrimination was correlated with sweetness flavor, texture, sweet aroma, chocolate flavor and creamy appearance. It was observed that attributes like sweet aroma, sweetness and texture showed a significant difference among the samples. Formulations C, D and E got higher grades 4 and attributes for milk A and B were less acceptable mainly regarding flavor and texture. The data showed that the samples containing the highest concentrations of added sugar were more preferred than those with lower sugar levels.

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This study employed a case-series design with infants aged between 1 and 4 months. Infants with symptoms of constipation were recruited at two paediatric clinics in Barcelona, Spain. At the time of recruitment, all infants were fed a standard formula made with cow milk protein. Infants were provided with a formula based on goat milk protein and 55% of total fat from goat milk. After 3 weeks, stool consistency, stool frequency, crying and infant behaviour were measured. Fat, nitrogen, water and carbohydrates in the stools were also determined by NIRA (near-infrared reflectance analysis).

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Crossbreeding can be a breeding strategy to facilitate genetic improvement in native goat production. For this purpose, the performance of weight gain, milk production and milk composition of native Mamasani goat with Mamasani goat × Saanen (F1) as crossed goat breed during 2012 to 2014 years were compared. According to the results, effect of genetic groups on birth weight (BW) was not significant but Weaning weight (WW) was significant (P <0.05). The average birth weight and weaning weight for native Mamasani and crossed F1 goats were 2.85 ± 0.23; 2.98 ± 0.19 and 9.52 ± 0.28; 11.61 ± 0.28 respectivel

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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate egg white-milk mixture as a novel storage medium for avulsed teeth compared to Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) media.Materials and media: Ninety incisors teeth of 23 New Zealand rabbits were atraumatically extracted and divided into 6 equal groups. Group 1, 2 & 3 were immediately stored in HBSS media for 1, 4 & 6h respectively, while group 4, 5 & 6 were stored in egg white-milk for 1, 4 & 6h respectively. The teeth were prepared for histological investigation and digital counting of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells using trypan blue exclusion technique.

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Goat milk is an important nutrient for humans, especially who have problem of lactose intolerance and sensitive to other animals’ milk. Goat milk is composed of different usable nutrients which are important to their young and humans.

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Fibre fortified basundi was prepared using different levels of dried crushed date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) with a view to optimize the process for its manufacture and to study its chemical, sensory and microbiological qualities. Initially the preliminary trials were conducted by blending of different levels of date fruit crush viz; 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12% in the basundi with 5% sugar to finalize the experimental treatments.

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Two replicate studies were conducted on a commercial goat dairy. The objective was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with OmniGen-AF, a nutritional supplement that supports immune function in ruminants, on milk production, somatic cell count (SCC), percentages milk fat (%MF) and milk protein (%MP) in lactating dairy goats.

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Severe prematurity at birth is an indicator of additional attention for the multidisciplinary team, since the newborn in this condition did not have the opportunity to develop organic systems under ideal conditions (intrauterine). Several factors may induce premature birth, malformation of organs or metabolic disruptions, however, additional attention has been given to inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and deficiency/excess of key nutrients.

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Cross-sectional study was conducted to examine and identify quality of raw bovine milk from in Arsi Zone and East Shewa Zone, in Oromia, Ethiopia. The purpose of the study was to assess hygienic practices during milking, milk collection and bacteriological quality of cow’s milk in Arsi and East Shewa Zones milk collection centers.

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The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the administration of meloxicam to newborn dairy calves on physiological and behavioral measures of calf vigor, as well as future health, milk intake and growth. A total of 284 Holstein heifer and bull calves were enrolled at birth from two dairy farms to participate in this randomized double-blind clinical field trial.

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