Articles Related to NGAL

Pipermint, thyme, rosemary, sage and basil species which have major characteristic specialities of Lamiaceae family, have antimicrobial activities on pathogene microorganisms. Probiotic microorganisms have valuable effects on human body and inhibition of probiotics causes many diseases. In this present study, it was aimed to determine indicate probiotic resistance against natural antimicrobial agents (as essential oils) compare to pathogenes in previous studies.

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Candidemia is the third most common cause of hospital acquired infection affecting infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Several indexes can measure SLE activity, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) is one of them. The aim was to associate SLEDAI with inflammatory biomarkers present in serum (C3, C4, CH50, C-reactive protein, and creatinine), proteinuria (urine 24h) and urine NGAL in SLE patients. This study included 43 SLE patients who were arranged in two groups according to the value of SLEDAI. One group, SLEDAI 0-4 (n=25), included SLE patients with low activity, and the other group, SLEDAI >4 (n=18), included SLE patients form moderate to high activity. Level of urine NGAL (uNGAL) was determined by ELISA, and the data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 5.

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Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeasts of the genus Candida spp. Among several pathogenic Candida species, we can highlight the C. parapsilosis due to susceptibility profile. Amphotericin B and nystatin are polyene antifungal drugs most frequently used to combat this type of infection. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) also have antifungal properties and can also provide synergistic action when combined with classic antifungals. Therefore, the aim of this study was evaluate the synergistic action of AgNPs, amphotericin B and nystatin against C. parapsilosis.

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We identified 8 eligible trials that enrolled 1392 infants. There was significant effect of prophylactic fluconazole on fungal colonization (RR, 0.31, 95%C1:-0.24 to 0.41; P<0.00001). Effect of prophylactic fluconazole on IFI in VLBW infants: RR: 0.42(95%CI 0.23 to 0.76; P=0.004.). However, prophylactic fluconazole did not reduce mortality in VLBW infants (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.01; P = 0.06). Studies did not report significant adverse reactions.

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Despite several studies having highlighted that candidaemia and invasive fungal disease (IFD) are associated with high mortality and increased costs, there are currently few published studies which provide an insight into real-life practice of invasive candidal diseases. In a medium-sized district general hospital in the UK we sought to compare the efficacy, safety and treatment cost of micafungin versus caspofungin and low dose of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) 1mg/kg/day for the treatment of confirmed candidaemia or clinically diagnosed invasive fungal disease (CDIFD). In the present retrospective audit, a total of 126 patients with candidaemia or CDIFD were reviewed from hospital records and 94 were included in our audit.

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A simple and sensitive two-step reversed-phase HPLC method was developed and validated for determining amphotericin B, paracetamol and sulfapyridine in rat plasma using piroxicam as internal standard.

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The present study confirms the potential use of seaweed extracts as a source of antifungal compound and may constitute a basis for promising future applied research that could investigate the use of seaweeds.

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Biofilm is a common mode of fungal growth in clinical infection and Candida albicans is one of the species that are the most frequently associated with biofilm infection which has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. In the mode of biofilm, C. albicans tends to display high resistance to body immunity and antimicrobial agents.

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A series of differentiated 2-chloroquinoline derivatives (3-26) having various spacer groups between 2-chloroquinoline and aryl or heteroaryl ring were synthesized by chemical reactions involving nucleophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, esterification and cyclization.

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Terbinafine hydrochloride (TH) is first line drug against treatment of onychomycosis; which is the commonest fungal infection of nail plate. However, strong barrier property of nail plate restricts the effective topical treatment of onychomycosis. In this study, TH loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared and subsequently incorporated into a gel system. SLNs were prepared by high pressure homogenization (HPH) technique using glyceryl monosterate (GMS), compritol 888ATO and a co-processed lipid. They were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, % entrapment efficiency (%EE), % drug loading (%DL), drug content and in-vitro drug release. Optimized SLNs were incorporated into chitosan gel and further evaluated for in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo antifungal study.

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Aspergillus infection in an immunocompetent human host is a rare entity. In most cases it presents as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. The portal of entry is usually the respiratory tract or direct inoculation of the organism to the site. Aspergillus osteomyelitis is a debilitating and severe form of Invasive Aspergillosis.

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In this report, we present a case of dermatophytosis in a dog seropositive for Ehrlichia spp.Mild annular skin lesions observed on initial presentation persisted and became worse during the course of antibiotic therapy. Microscopic examination of the fungal culture of skin scrapings revealed infection with Microsporum gypseum. The patient fully recovered following treatment with topical 1% clotrimazole and antifungal shampoo.

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The aim of this manuscript is to study cyclodextrins (CDs) as a potential excipient to suppress bitterness and enhance palatability of pediatric liquid preparations for Cetirizine, an extremely bitter drug. Natural α, β and γ CDs; and β CD derivatives such as hydroxyl propyl (HP), randomly methylated (RM) and sulfobutyl ether (SBE) β-CDs were screened in different molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 for their inhibition of the extremely bitter taste of Cetirizine using the human gustatory sensation test.

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C12H20N6NiO6S2 or NiL2(SCN)2](NH4)2.2H2O, where L is 2-hydroxy-pyridine-N-oxide, has been prepared and characterized using elemental analyses, IR, UV and visible spectrometry, magnetic moment measurements, thermal analyses and single crystal X-ray analyis. The results indicate that the complex reacts as a bidentate ligand and is bound to the metal ion via the two oxygen atoms of the ligand (HL).

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