Articles Related to ORs
Prevalence and Risk factors of Stunting and Wasting among Under-Five-Aged Children in North Gondar Zone, Northern Ethiopia
Undernutrition is a leading cause of disease susceptibility, morbidity, and mortality in children. It is manifested in the form
of stunting and wasting. Wasting is an acute form of undernutrition that indicates a recent food shortage and/or infectious
diseases that lead to rapid and severe weight loss. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of
stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children of displaced families in the North Gondar Zone. A cross-sectional
study design was conducted from January to March 2022 among the under-five-aged children of the displaced family. A total of 205 randomly selected under-five-aged children from the displaced families were included in the study. A structured
questionnaire was used to collect data, and the instrument was adopted from a previous study. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the status of stunting and wasting. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression
analysis was used to find the factors associated with stunting and wasting. The prevalence of stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children was 26.2% and 18.7%, respectively. Out of the risk factors considered in the present study, age (AOR
= 3.54; 95% CI: 0.2–3.54), family monthly income (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.3–7.5), eating only two meals per day (AOR = 2.8;
95% CI: 1.0–6.2), and not eating farm animal products (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.5–1.61) were important risk factors associated
with stunting. In the other way, age, family monthly income, and eating only two meals per day were significant predictors
of wasting. The result showed that the prevalence is severe in the study area. Therefore, the government should work on children under two years of age, take action to solve the nutritional issues, and encourage families with low monthly incomes to
eat animal products at least once a week and nutritious food at least three times a day
Urinary Stone and its Associated Factors in Northern Ethiopia
Urinary stone is the presence of one or more stony concretes located at any level of a segment of the urinary
tract. It is a worldwide problem that can affect all groups of ages and the prevalence has been increasing over time. Urolithiasis affects about 12% of the world population at some stage in their lifetime. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of urinary stone among adult patients attending in Tigray hospitals, Ethiopia.
Protected Viticulture for Sustainable Grape Production to Cope with the Adverse Effects of Climate Change
Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are among the most commonly cultivated horticultural crops on the earth covering an area of 7.5
million hectares with around 70 million tons production. Grapes being highly nutritious are majorly utilized in making beverages or used as fresh and raisin. In today’s world, the most concerned topic in agriculture is continuous change in climatic
conditions leading to several negative social, ecological, economical and biological problems. Grapes are delicate fruits, their
vines are sensitive towards extremes in temperature, water, heat, duration and intensity of light exposure as well as carbon
dioxide and humidity alterations. Hence, one can shift to drought and heat tolerant varieties and certain training and pruning methods suitable to the prevailing environmental conditions. Vineyard management practices, including farm mechanization can be amended for improving the gains, while reducing the input
Food Habits and Factors Affecting Food Intake Among College Students in Kuwait
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess food habits among college students at Kuwait University (KU) utilizing a
written questionnaire, targeting first year to higher education level regardless of age. Participants were recruited from different colleges (n=678) (73%, females, and 27% males) with a response rate of 98.8%. Data showed that 48.6% buy their foods
from campus, and 38.2% of them eat in college daily. The taste was the most influential factor that is affecting food choices
(53.7%), while only 2.9% of students considered cost as an important element
Anthropometric Data of Nigerian Agro Equipment Operators
Anthropometric data of Nigerian male and female agro equipment operators was determined as the operators were in a
standing position. Field workers that facilitated the anthropometric measurements were trained and grouped into three
groups – namely, coordinating supervisors, data collating officers and data collecting officers. The anthropometric data
were collated from various individuals within the ages of (18 to 60) years from three states in each of the six geopolitical
zones in Nigeria
Case Report: Pyoderma Gangrenosum in IBD Treated with Tofacitinib
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare ulcerating skin disease often presenting as an extra intestinal manifestation of IBD and is
difficult to manage. Treatment options for pyoderma gangrenosum include steroids, calcineurin inhibitors and anti TNF
agents. Here in, we report a case of recurrent Pyoderma gangrenosum with Ulcerative Colitis that was successfully managed
with Tofacintib, a JAK inhibitor
Effect of Pesticides on Human Health
The demand for pesticides has increased in today's world of expanding population in order to boost crop productivity and
eliminate undesirable plants (weeds) that grow alongside the primary crop.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression Among Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh
Short Description
Beyond Mosquito Vectors: A Typical Transmission Routes of Dengue Virus
Dengue fever remains an annual worldwide threat to human health, even though Aedes eradication programs based on the typical route of mosquito- borne transmission have successfully controlled dengue epidemics to a considerable extent. Interestingly, most cases of dengue infection in humans reported in the tropical regions of Asia, Oceania, Africa, and the Americas are due to horizontal transmission. This suggests contribution of atypical transmission routes to continuous infections.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Medication and Factors Affecting it Among HIV-- Positive Patients Receiving it at Adama General Hospital
Before the development of highly active antiretroviral medication, AIDS and related illnesses caused a great deal of suffering and death. All of the AIDS-related morbidities and mortality have considerably decreased thanks to modern medication, especially in industrialized nations. However, this accomplishment is still elusive in underdeveloped nations, particularly in those in sub-Saharan Africa. This failure can be attributed to a number of factors. Poverty, ignorance about the treatment, and inadequate therapy adherence are at the top of this list.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Louse Infestation and Associated Factors, Among Prisoners of Jimma Town Prison South Western Ethiopia
Background: Louse infestation is the poor personal hygiene and a blood feeding ectoparasitic insect of order ptrithirapetera. Inadequate access of water supply leads people to acquire communicable disease such as typhus and relapsing fever. Head lice cause much distress and worry in families with school-aged children. There are many available treatment options. Many of these options are costly and may not be effective.
Anti-Infectives do not Impact Treatment Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: a Single Center Retrospective Analysis
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have provided groundbreaking advancements for a
variety of malignancies. It has been of recent interest to identify predictive indicators of response to improve cancer
management using immunotherapy. The intestinal microbiome has been recognized as a potential predictor of ICI anti-
tumor activity. Antibiotics reduce diversity the overall composition of the gut microbiota, with effects seen as quickly as in
a single day. Post-antibiotic dysbiosis recovery varies depending on type and duration of exposure. Preclinical studies in
mice with advanced cancer treated with broad spectrum antibiotics have been associated with resistance to ICI treatment.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Fertilizer Applications by Yam Farmers in Edo State, Nigeria
The study assessed factors affecting fertilizer applications by yam farmers in Edo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: ascertain the basic source of information among the farmers, determine the factors affecting fertilizer applications on yam production and the constraints working against yam production in the study area. Multistage sampling techniques were used in this study.
Level of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Ekiti State
Introduction: The use of anti-retroviral drugs slows down disease progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and this has improved the quality of life and life expectancy of Persons Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, optimum use of antiretroviral drugs (adherence) by PLWHA is the key to achieving viral load suppression and preventing drug resistance in them.
Objective: This study determined the level of adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) among PLWHA in Ekiti State.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 PLWHA in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti and 300 PLWHA in Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti aged 18 years and above using ARV for at least six months prior to the study. Quantitative data were collected from the participants using a structured questionnaire while sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted among purposively selected PLWHA in both study centres to further elicit qualitative information on determinants of adherence. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics while content analysis was used for qualitative data. Regression analysis was done to identify determinants of adherence at p value < 0.05.
Results: About 60% of the PLWHA had high level of ART adherence while 18.9% had low adherence. Most of the respondents were female (66.0%), married (76.1%) and Christians (89.4%) and had post-secondary education (43.4%). Respondents’ age (X2=32.483), educational status (X2=2.473), marital status (X2=40.083), occupation (X2=57.951) and distance from the clinic (X2=13.181) significantly influenced the level of adherence. Patient factors such as forget timing of the medication, pill burden and feeling better, psychosocial factors like stigmatization, non-disclosure of status and depression; and healthcare factors such as long clinic waiting time and absence of support are some of the barriers to optimum ART adherence.
Conclusion: Counseling on drug adherence and psycho-social support to PLWHA will further improve their level of adherence to medication.
Malignant Scalp Tumors: Retrospective Analysis of 1000 Patients.
Background: Limited data on large cohort of patients with malignant tumors of the scalp are available in the literature. The
aim of this study was to review a large cohort of patients with malignant scalp tumors to determine epidemilogy, tumor
characteristics of this region and treatment.
Materials and Method: A retrospective review of patients with malignant scalp tumors diagnosed histopathologically
between 2005 and 2021 was performed. Demographic features and tumor characteristics were analyzed.
Results: A total of 1080 patients (M: F 3,5:1) were treated and followed up for a mean period of 42 months (12-120
months). Age at diagnosis ranged from 12 to 98 years. Most malignant scalp tumors (95,1%) occurred in those 50 years
or older and in bald patients (87%). Basal cell carcinomas (59,2%), squamous cell carcinomas (32,2%) and melanomas
were the most common histologic types. Incidence was highest on the frontal of temporal region (66,1%). Recurrence was
frequently in squamous and basal cell carcinomas but uncommon in melanoma.
Conclusions: Tumors of the scalp accounted about 8,01 % of all skin cancers. Tend to be basal and squamous cell carcinomas, many of which occur in the temporal and frontal region of bald men. The outlook for patients with scalp tumor is
positive, although we suggest excision margins of at least 3-4 mm and continued clinical vigilance is warranted given their
higher recurrence rates.
Electronic-nose Applications in Forensic Science and for Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers in the Human Breath
The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.
Analysis of Sweat Simulant Mixtures using Multiplexed Arrays of DNA-Carbon Nanotube Vapor Sensors
Carbon nanotube (NT) based electronic vapor sensors were tested against synthetic sweat solutions, consisting of 13 volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) in saline, in order to probe the device ability to analyze and differentiate vapors derived from complex biological
samples.
Editorial Board Members Related to ORs
QINGSHENG WANG
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering
Oklahoma State University
United States
Department of Chemical Engineering
Oklahoma State University
United States
Shigemi Matsuyama
Associate Professor
Division of Hematology/Oncology
School of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University
United States
Division of Hematology/Oncology
School of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University
United States
Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
Department of Animal Production
College of Food and Agriculture Sciences
King Saud University
Saudi Arabia
College of Food and Agriculture Sciences
King Saud University
Saudi Arabia
Prashant Kumar
Professor
Chair of Air Quality and Health
University of Surrey
UK
Chair of Air Quality and Health
University of Surrey
UK
Robert R. Redfield
Professor
Department of Immunology and Microbiology
University of Maryland
United States
Department of Immunology and Microbiology
University of Maryland
United States
Kristian Linnet
Professor
Department of Forensic Medicine
University of Copenhagen
Denmark
Department of Forensic Medicine
University of Copenhagen
Denmark
Steven I. Present
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Restorative Dentistry
Temple University
United States
Department of Restorative Dentistry
Temple University
United States
Federico Sesti
Professor
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
Rutgers University
USA
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
Rutgers University
USA
QINGRONG HUANG
Professor
Department of Food Science
Rutgers University
United States
Department of Food Science
Rutgers University
United States
Maria Ioannou
Senior Lecturer
University of Huddersfield
United Kingdom
University of Huddersfield
United Kingdom