Articles Related to Oil

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Cutting fluids are an inherent part of the modern manufacturing system. In the vegetable oil based cutting fluids, the base fluids should be some vegetable oil. In general, vegetable oil is highly attractive substitutes for petroleum based oils because they are environmentally friendly, renewable, less toxic and readily biodegradable. In this review paper, the author investigates some of the published research papers on the application of vegetable oil based machining fluids (including Nano-fluids) in the different machining processes like turning, milling, grinding and drilling. Besides that, this study also summarize the effect of the different biodegradable oil based machining fluids on the performance factors such as surface integrity, machining force, tool wear, power consumption, and temperature produced during the machining process. It has been reported in various literature that using vegetable oil based Nano machining fluid results high surface features, reduced tool wear, cutting force, power consumption and lower temperature rise in the machining process due to better lubrication and cooling properties.

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Aim: Palm oil processing generally generates lots of wastewater (palm oil mill effluent), this is usually discharged into the environment in the untreated form and subsequently causes several environmental issues. There is therefore need to isolate microorganisms that can be used to clean up the palm oil contaminated environment especially the soil. Methods and Results: Palm oil contaminated soil was obtained from Oba Adeyemi palm oil mill in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria, other soil samples which were purposely contaminated with palm oil, were obtained from Ajayi Crowther University Oyo, Oyo State. Isolation, characterization and identification of microorganisms were carried out using morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolates were preliminarily screened for lipolytic activities, this was confirmed by growth on the mineral salt medium after 7 days, signifying hydrolysis. One of the prominent isolates was further identified by sequences analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Forty-one bacterial isolates were identified, which included species of Bacillus (80 %), Pseudomonas (20 %) in the oil mill contaminated soil sample and Bacillus spp. (100 %) in the purposely contaminated soils. Twenty-nine fungal isolates including species of Aspergillus, Oidiodendron, Geotrichum, Penicillum, Saccharomyces were isolated with Aspergillus fumigatus having the highest frequency of occurrence (37.5 %) in artificially contaminated soil and Saccharomyces spp. having the highest frequency of occurrence (91 %) in palm oil contaminated soil from the palm oil mill. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA of one of the prominent isolates showed that it was identified as MN607220 Saccharomyces cerevisae. All the bacterial and fungal isolates had lipolytic activities except Bacillus mycoides and Oidiodendron sp. respectively. Nine of the ten Saccharomyces sp. had lipolytic activities. Conclusion: These screened organisms could therefore be employed for the cleanup of palm oil contamination in the environment. Significance and Impact of Study: Thereby ridding the environment of possible toxic effects especially in areas of need like Malaysia

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A majority of Carbon-dioxide including smaller amounts of methane and nitrous are emitted from the consumption of fossil fuels around the world to meet the sustainable development goals and global prosperity. Studies have shown that the increase in greenhouse gases has negative effects on human health, and the environment around us. Emissions from the consumption of fossil fuels in factories and industries either to produce electricity or transport people, goods and services cause the release of CO2 and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The majority of industrial energy is supplied by nonrenewable energy resources, which mainly consist of fossil fuels. Currently, fossil fuels are the main source of energy and are concentrated in some regions of the world, therefore direct contamination occurs in areas where they are stored or processed. A majority of electricity consumed by cities and countries across the world is produced from fossil fuels, which accounts for the highest percentage of overall CO2 production in that particular country. People will share the common global environmental problems, either it is local or regional, hence immediate actions are needed to tackle problems at national and regional and global levels. Fortunately, with the advent of new technologies and intervention strategies, it is possible to reduce pollution and reduce the rate of rising global temperature that might result in better economy and ecological systems as well as providing sustainable energy resources. In this research the data on nonrenewable energy sources, fossil fuel reserves in different regions, production and consumption rate of fossils have been identified and reviewed. Additionally, mathematical calculation has been done to find the carbon dioxide emission amounts, both international and national legislations as well as further recommendations have been provided to reduce or prevent emissions.

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Prolong mattress use compresses the metal coil springs which may ultimately result in a compromised sleeping surface. This coil spring metal fatigue can result in spinal pain and stiffness. The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of metal fatigue of used mattress coil springs from the areas bearing greatest body weight versus areas subjected to little compression to ascertain the. Six weight bearing coil springs (WBS) were extracted from the center the used (range 8-10 yr.) mattresses (N=32) and six non-weight bearing coil springs (NWBS) were extracted from the head/foot are of the same mattresses. To determine spring weakness a special frame and platform was constructed to compare unloaded spring height with compression distance height following placement of a 1,296 g ingot on the platform. Also, a pressure gauge was used to measure the amount of pressure required to compress the coil springs a distance of 2 cm. Comparison between WBS and NWBS data were statistically treated using independent t-tests and a one-way ANOVA. There were no significant group differences in weight or height in unloaded coils. However, there were significant (p<0.05) differences in coil spring compression distance under load (WBS = 2.78 ± 0.34 cm; NWBS = 1.52 ± 0.39 cm) and force gauge compression (WBS = 1090.51 ± 88.42 g; NWBS = 1213.12 ± 71.38 g) between groups. While manufacturers’ recommendations to replace a mattress is ranges between 8 and 10 yrs., these results indicate that coil spring weakness may occur before 8 yrs. of use. Weak springs leads to loss of weight bearing capacity of the mattress thereby resulting in sagging upon use. Such sagging which may compromise sleep posture with accompanying back pain and poor sleep quality and quantity.

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The aim of this research was to assess the biochar ability to protect the photosynthesis process face to Cd contamination, especially, when nitrogen fertilizer was added at adequate amount. Culture of tomato seedlings was conducted on pots containing soil added with different portion of biochar (0, 3.5 and 7%) and nitrogen (3 or 6g NH4NO3). Irrigation was done by water (control condition) or Cd solution (150µM). Data showed that regardless presence of Cd, synchronously addition of high nitrogen fertilizer (6g) and biochar (7%) in the culture medium resulted in fresh matter production, photosynthetic pigment (Chlorophyll a) and mineral elements content enhancement. Similar observation was shown concerning the mineral nutrition (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents).

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Non-uniform native T1 (T10) distribution influences reliable measurement of Ktrans: a pharmacokinetic parameter (Ktrans) that quantitatively measures neovascularization of the tumor tissue that has been used for the classification of malignant breast lesions and to monitor therapy response.

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Considering high demand of exploring clean and sustainable source of energy worldwide, biomass derived green bioenergy has tremendous potential. Amongst all possible ways of biomass processing to derive bio-fuels, the biomass pyrolysis is highly preferred thermochemical process that converts the biomass to bio-oil. In our present work, the noncatalytic pyrolysis of ligno-cellulosic biomass samples (sawdust, rice straw and cotton stalk) was successfully carried out using in-house developed fixed bed pyrolytic reactor.

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Pipermint, thyme, rosemary, sage and basil species which have major characteristic specialities of Lamiaceae family, have antimicrobial activities on pathogene microorganisms. Probiotic microorganisms have valuable effects on human body and inhibition of probiotics causes many diseases. In this present study, it was aimed to determine indicate probiotic resistance against natural antimicrobial agents (as essential oils) compare to pathogenes in previous studies.

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Recently, there are unaffordable and dangerous commercial feeds that endanger health and financial aspects of both consumers and producers. Thus, this study was conducted in order to have affordable, quality enhanced and healthy feeds. This investigates the potential of Azolla (Azollapinnata) meal and the reliability of Aguingay (Rotboelliaconchinchinensis) Infloresence meal to have improvement of growth performance and carcass quality supplemented to the Broiler chicken.

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Environmental pollution and climate change continue to be a major cause for concern in the 21st century. Aluminum is the most abundant metal on the surface used in every walk of life. Red mud, a by-product produced during the extraction of Aluminium from Bauxite by Bayer’s Process, causes serious hazards for the human and ecological systems.

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This study aimed to determine the protein intake and percentage of organ weight in broilers fed rations containing fermented leaves and seeds from the rubber tree (FLSRT) as a substitute for soybean meal. The results of this study are also expected to reduce the use of imported feed ingredients and feed ingredients that compete with human needs, such as soybean meal.

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This article examines the current state of soil and water resources, farmland in Azerbaijan Republic, the problem of progressive water and wind soil degradation, the need for the organization of agriculture, taking into account the introduction of automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics and analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture areas in the country, as well as basic aspects of development of environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a particular system of crop rotation and crop taking into account the requirements of economic development and environmental management.

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This study investigates proximate composition and characterization of Moringa oleifera seed-oil using four methods of extraction (Cold pressing (CP), Enzyme assisted cold pressing (EACP), Enzyme assisted aqueous extraction (EAAE) and solvent extraction (SE)) and compared with olive oil. The results of proximate analysis of the kernel reveals (7.20 moisture content, 43.12 protein, 33.16 fat, 3.51 Ash, and 6.81 Carbohydrate by difference) %, while the oil yield obtained for CP, EACP, EAAE and SE were (7.75, 12.08, 23.25 and 33.16)%. The fatty acids composition and bioactive compounds were determined through GC-MS analysis. Melting and crystallization temperature ranges: -15.86 to 3.21 and 8.30 to -13.63 °C, respectively. There is a significant difference in term of oil yield, with cold pressing method having the lowest oil yield of 7.8 %. However, the quality of CP extracted Moringa oleifera oil was compared with virgin olive oil; it revealed its potentials as a good source of oleic acid making it to be a good substitute for virgin olive oil.

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Field experiments were carried out in Agricultural and Experimental Research Station in years 2016 and 2017 to evaluate NPK nanofertilizers application, times, methods and rates on yield and fiber properties of Egyptian cotton (Giza, 90). The experiment was laid out in a split-split-plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications.

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