Articles Related to Oxide
Evaluation of Characterization Results of Ru, Sb And V_Doped Sno2 Coatings Deposited by Using Produced and Commercial Targets
Ruthenium, Antimony and Vanadium doped and undoped tin oxide (SnO2) thin films were prepared by the R.F. Sputtering method. At the beginning of the thin film production studies, pellets were formed by pressing the filled and undoped tin oxide powders in the laboratory environment. The purpose of creating these pellets is to replace commercially purchased target material that acts as the coating material in the sputter coating device. The aim of the study is to use these pellets instead of this commercial target due to its disadvantages such as long lead time and expensiveness, and thus to produce easier, more diverse and high quality thin films. This study includes the synthesis of pure and doped thin films of tin oxide semiconductor material, which has a wide band gap and attracts attention with its wide spread use thanks to this feature, subjecting it to annealing process under different temperatures and times, and structural and morphological characterization studies: XRD, SEM, AFM, XPS, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Nano-hardness machine.
The study showed that doped and undoped tin oxide films showed similar properties to similar studies seen in the literature, so that the pellets formed in the laboratory environment functioned. No major structural difference was observed in the films produced as a result of the use of pellets and target. As a result of the findings of the study, it has been seen that it is a preliminary study for the investigation of gas sensing properties.
Evaluation of Weather Conditions as Well as NO2 and PM 2.5 Levels in the Urban Areas of South Brazil in Different Seasons
Due to the ever-increasing importance of studying pollution effects on environment and population, the development of methodologies for the evaluation of atmospheric pollutants has allowed great advances concerning air quality monitoring. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matters (PM2.5) have as major sources vehicle engine exhausts and industrial processes. In the municipality of Pelotas, the economical and industrial growth allied to the expansion of the local vehicle fleet have brought several impacts on human health and environment. For this region, there are few studies concerning air pollution monitoring and dispersion. Data were collected seasonally (summer, autumn, winter and spring) in eight points (Porto, Areal, Centro, Fragata, Simões Lopes, Três Vendas, Laranjal,and Capão do Leão) over the city area, aiming to have a picture of the city as a whole. Annual mean ± standard deviation of the PM2.5 measurements are: Porto 48.95±6.28, Areal 3.29±4.56, Centro 39.56±7.05, Fragata 30.28±3.59,Simões Lopes9.5±.9, Três Vendas 3.4±3.80, Laranjal 29.79±2.34, Capão do Leão 24.25±3.2 and annual mean ±standard deviation for NO2 were: Porto 9.06±.5, Areal 0.49±0.94, Centro 4.3±0.89, Fragata 2.44±0.56, Trem 7.20±0.99, Três Vendas 2.94±.22, Laranjal 8.83±.97, Capão do Leão 6.77±0.76. We conclude that there are significant differences in different places of the city, mainly due to traffic and human activities characteristics of each point. On the other hand, meteorological factors act similarly in all sites concerning the pollution dispersion.
Carbon-Dioxide Emissions Due to Fossil Fuels Consumption
A majority of Carbon-dioxide including smaller amounts of methane and nitrous are emitted from the consumption of
fossil fuels around the world to meet the sustainable development goals and global prosperity. Studies have shown that the
increase in greenhouse gases has negative effects on human health, and the environment around us. Emissions from the
consumption of fossil fuels in factories and industries either to produce electricity or transport people, goods and services
cause the release of CO2 and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The majority of industrial energy is supplied by nonrenewable energy resources, which mainly consist of fossil fuels. Currently, fossil fuels are the main source of energy and
are concentrated in some regions of the world, therefore direct contamination occurs in areas where they are stored or
processed. A majority of electricity consumed by cities and countries across the world is produced from fossil fuels, which
accounts for the highest percentage of overall CO2 production in that particular country. People will share the common
global environmental problems, either it is local or regional, hence immediate actions are needed to tackle problems at
national and regional and global levels. Fortunately, with the advent of new technologies and intervention strategies, it is
possible to reduce pollution and reduce the rate of rising global temperature that might result in better economy and ecological systems as well as providing sustainable energy resources. In this research the data on nonrenewable energy sources, fossil fuel reserves in different regions, production and consumption rate of fossils have been identified and reviewed.
Additionally, mathematical calculation has been done to find the carbon dioxide emission amounts, both international
and national legislations as well as further recommendations have been provided to reduce or prevent emissions.
Removal of Heavy Metals from Groundwater by Hydrous Ferric Oxide-Modified Peanut Shell
This study reports the adsorption capacity of copper Cu (II) and nickel Ni (II) of biochar obtained from peanut shell. The kinetics and equilibrium of biosorption were examined in detail. Two kinetic models (pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order) were used to correlate the experimental data and to determine the kinetic parameters. Two well-known adsorption isotherms were chosen to describe the biosorption equilibrium (Langmuir and Freundlich). The equilibrium isotherms showed that modified peanut shells possess high affinity, sorption capacity for Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions, sorption capacities of 37.443 mg/g Cu (II) and 28.626 mg/g Ni (II) biomass, respectively. All results showed that peanut shells biomass is an attractive, alternative low-cost bio sorbent for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous media, therefore biomass materials find good application prospects.
Dietary Supplementation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth, Haematological, and Biochemical Parameters of Koi Carp Cyprinus carpio var koi
The present study aimed at the dietary supplementation of zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth, haematological and biochemical parameters of Koi carp. The zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using UV-VIS, SEM, EDAX, and FTIR. Six feeds were prepared with different quantities of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (F1 - Control, F2 -20 mg, F3 – 40mg, F4 – 60mg, F5-80mg and F6 – 100mg) and feed ingredients are fish meal, groundnut oilcake, wheat flour, and tapioca flour.
Contact Angle Influence on Defects in Graphene Prepared by Segregation Method on Treated SiO2 /Si Substrates
SiO2/Si substrates were modified by physical and chemical treatments in order to improve adhesion and homogeneity of segregated graphene. The objective of this work was to decrease defects concentration in graphene crystallites in segregated graphene. It was done by chemical and physical treatment of the SiO2 substrate prior to deposition of
catalytic nickel layer.
Adsorption Kinetics and Mass Balance Mathematical Model of Monoethanolamine Surface-Modified Palm Shell Activated Carbon for Carbon Dioxide Dynamic Adsorption in Fixed Bed Column
Dynamic adsorption kinetics results indicated that monoethanolamine-carbon dioxide (MEA-CO2) reaction in fixed bed column packed with MEA-impregnated activated carbon (AC) particles is pseudo first order reaction.
Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Healthy Obese Adults
It was a cross-sectional study including 434 apparently healthy subjects (194 males) divided into two groups: i) obese (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²) and ii) non-obese (BMI < 30 Kg/m²). Exclusion criteria were: current smokers, asthma, medicine intake interfering with FeNO levels, and abnormal lung function tests. The FeNO measurements were performed before spirometry. Student t test was performed to compare between the two groups. The Spearman correlation between BMI and FeNO levels was evaluated. The Piecewise linear regression with breakpoint was assessed to define the breakpoint of inflammation related to obesity.
Comparative Study of Lip Color, Lead Metal and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle for the Development of Latent Lip Prints on Non-Porous Surfaces
To develop and study lip prints on non-porous surfaces by using Lip color, Lead Metal and Zinc oxide nanoparticle for the development of latent lip prints on non-porous surfaces.
Photodegradation, Antibacterial & Antioxidant Assessment of Multifunctional Zinc Oxide Metal Nanoparticles Using Smilax aspera Leaf Extract: An Eco Approach
The endeavor of this research accounts for a superficial green route scheme by using an extract of leaves of Smilax aspera as a stabilizing
and capping agent. Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were examined through UV-visible Spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffraction
(XRD), EDX (Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy
(TEM). The NPs demonstrates potential photo catalytic activity for the degradation of Methyl Orange (MO) and Methylene Blue (MB)
dyes upon exposure to sunlight.
Amiodarone Prevents Atrial Fibrillation Induced by Arsenic Trioxide in Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Involving Lumbar Disc: A Novel Case Report
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), characterized by infiltration of malignant plasmablastic clones outside the bone marrow in
absence of multiple myeloma.
Effect of Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Nano Composites
The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was dispersed in ethanol using bath sonicator and mixed in 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5 wt.% separately in the epoxy to make in situ composites by curing with diethylene triamine (DETA)
Copper Oxide Nano-Hydrogel Composite and their Toxicology Studies: A Green Chemistry Approach
The increasing demand for skin care products formulated with metal oxide nanoparticles such as Zinc oxide, Titanium oxide and Copper oxide nanoparticles calls for toxicological safety concerns. Phytochemical assisted synthesis of Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) has been achieved by a simple, one-pot chemical procedure using polyphenol-rich aqueous extract of Solanum torvum L. as a reducing and capping agent.
Computer Modeling of Convective Mass Transfer of Glucose, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Neurovascular Unit
Glucose and oxygen are obligatory energy substrates for the brain and their continuous supply to the neurons, as well as the elimination of the end product – carbon dioxide, is of paramount importance for brain physiology and survival. Transport of these substrates from the brain capillaries to the neurons presents a challenging issue.
The In Vitro Evaluation of Calcium and Bioactive Glass Based Pulp Capping Materials
Vital pulp preservation in the treatment of deep caries is challenging due to sealing issue. The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties and radiopacity of various light curing pulp capping materials. In this study, SEM-EDS analysis and the radiopacity of four different pulp capping materials including ThereCal LC, Biner LC, Calci Plus LC, and Activa-Bioactive were evaluated. Each material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical composition of each material was analyzed by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopic (EDS) analysis. The diskshaped specimens (8 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness) were prepared from each material and exposed to a digital x-ray along with an aluminum step wedge for the radiopacity assay. The statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and Duncan’s post-hoc test.
Ordered Growth of Anodic Aluminum Oxide in Galvanostatic and Galvanostatic-Potentiostatic Modes
The results are presented of obtaining anodic aluminum oxide with an ordered pore arrangement by employing two anodizing modes - galvanostatic mode and combined (galvanostatic + potentiostatic) mode, at high values of the current density and voltage. Use has been made of an oxalate electrolyte and a complex electrolyte comprising oxalic acid and phosphoric acid. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to investigate the surface morphology of the barrier and porous layers and to determine pore sizes and inter-pore distance.
Anodizing for Design and Function
Two basic reactions occur during the anodizing of aluminum: 1) the aluminum is consumed and 2) an oxide grows. By accepting this statement as true, the anodizing process can be viewed as a corrosion process, and anodizing can be modeled using the Tafel Equation. Anodizing process parameters of electrolyte chemistry and concentration, temperature, aluminum substrate resistance and current density are presented as they relate to the Tafel Equation and how they impact the anodic aluminum oxide structure and properties. Understanding this relationship is consequent in making anodizing an engineering process, one that enables tuning the structure such that it yields distinct characteristics to fulfill design and application requirements.
Electronic-nose Applications in Forensic Science and for Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers in the Human Breath
The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.
The Effects of the Film Thickness and Roughness in the Anodization Process of Very Thin Aluminum Films
The anodization of aluminum foils having micrometer thickness is a common process and results in hexagonally self-ordered alumina membranes. However, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes fabricated from nanometer-thin films present new challenges to the anodization process, since aluminum films adheres poorly on supporting substrates and the smoothness of the film is highly related to the kind of substrate.
Anodic Oxidation of Titanium in Sulphuric Acid and Phosphoric Acid Electrolytes
Anodisation of pure titanium has been carried out in sulphuric and in phosphoric acid solutions at potentials ranging from 50 to 150V. The SEM and AFM morphological analysis indicates that, within this potential range, oxidation in sulphuric acid solution produces better developed mesoporous oxide layers.
Fabrication of Ordered Arrays of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Pores with Interpore Distance Smaller than the Pitch of Nano-pits formed by Ion Beam Etching
We investigated a method for preparation of ordered nanopore arrays with the interpore distance of 60 nm by guided self-organization of anodic aluminum oxide with a prepatterned array of pits in the starting Al film.
Preparation of Large Area Anodic Alumina Membranes and their Application to Thin Film Fuel Cell
The design of an electrochemical reactor for the preparation of self-supported comparatively thin (up to 10 μm) and large area (up to 50 cm2) anodic alumina membranes is described allowing growth of porous alumina at high applied potential (up to 150 V) without burning.
Fabrication of Vertical Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanowire Arrays by Two-Step Electroplating Method into Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template
Vertical Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanowire arrays have been synthesized via two-step electroplating method into anodized aluminum oxide template. For deposition of CZTS nanowires, anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) was used as the growth mask for the growth of the nanowires. AAO templates with hole sizes of 70 nm in diameter were used in the experiments.
Fabrication and Luminescence of Anodic Alumina with Incorporated Vanadyl Citrate Chelate Anions
Anodic aluminum oxide doped with vanadyl citrate chelate complex anions was formed by a two-step self-organized anodization in 2 wt. % sulfuric acid containing 0.04 M V2O5 and 0.08 M citric acid at voltage range 13-23 V, and at 0 and 15 oC. The combination of two temperatures and at least four voltages (depending on the applied temperature) was applied as the operating conditions of anodization.
Synthesis of BaTiO3 Nanowires via Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template Method Assisted by Vacuum-and-Drop Loading
In this paper, we report on the synthesis of BaTiO3 nanowires via the anodic aluminum oxide template method. To fill in the precursors of BaTiO3 into anodic aluminum oxide templates, the vacuum and drop loading method developed in our previous study was used. Ba(CH3COO)2 (barium acetate) and C12H28O4Ti (tetraisopropyl orthotitanate) were used as Ba and Ti sources, respectively. Anodic aluminum oxide membranes with the through-hole diameter of ~200 nm were used as the template for BaTiO3 nanowires.
Editorial Board Members Related to Oxide
Robert Kinobe
Senior Lecturer
Physiology and Pharmacology
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
Australia
Physiology and Pharmacology
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
Australia
MICHAEL P. SHERMAN
Professor Emeritus
Department of Child Health
Division of Neonatology
University of California-Davis School of Medicine
United States
Department of Child Health
Division of Neonatology
University of California-Davis School of Medicine
United States
Arif Gulzar
Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
Harbin Engineering University
China
Harbin Engineering University
China
