Articles Related to PI

Undernutrition is a leading cause of disease susceptibility, morbidity, and mortality in children. It is manifested in the form of stunting and wasting. Wasting is an acute form of undernutrition that indicates a recent food shortage and/or infectious diseases that lead to rapid and severe weight loss. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children of displaced families in the North Gondar Zone. A cross-sectional study design was conducted from January to March 2022 among the under-five-aged children of the displaced family. A total of 205 randomly selected under-five-aged children from the displaced families were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and the instrument was adopted from a previous study. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the status of stunting and wasting. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors associated with stunting and wasting. The prevalence of stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children was 26.2% and 18.7%, respectively. Out of the risk factors considered in the present study, age (AOR = 3.54; 95% CI: 0.2–3.54), family monthly income (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.3–7.5), eating only two meals per day (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.0–6.2), and not eating farm animal products (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.5–1.61) were important risk factors associated with stunting. In the other way, age, family monthly income, and eating only two meals per day were significant predictors of wasting. The result showed that the prevalence is severe in the study area. Therefore, the government should work on children under two years of age, take action to solve the nutritional issues, and encourage families with low monthly incomes to eat animal products at least once a week and nutritious food at least three times a day

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The determination of the postmortem interval (PMI) towards assisting in medicolegal investigations is a frequent requirement in any developed jurisdiction. Each of the latter has prevailing peculiarities, especially with many operating variables that include seasonal changes. There is a dearth of information about the decompositional pattern and progress of cadavers deposited on the ground in Nebraska, a jurisdiction lying within the Central Great Plains of North America. The present study, using an experimental pig was designed to consider the entomological peculiarities within a geographical area exhibiting taphonomic characteristics, and during a defined season.

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Urinary stone is the presence of one or more stony concretes located at any level of a segment of the urinary tract. It is a worldwide problem that can affect all groups of ages and the prevalence has been increasing over time. Urolithiasis affects about 12% of the world population at some stage in their lifetime. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of urinary stone among adult patients attending in Tigray hospitals, Ethiopia.

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With the progress of society, the development of science and technology, and the popularization of digitalization, the number of patients seeking treatment for "hand numbness" in the outpatient department of rehabilitation medicine is increasing day by day, and it shows a younger age, even some teenagers; Most of them are diagnosed as cervical spondylosis, but according to the treatment of cervical spondylosis, the effect is not good, sometimes prolonged and not cured, which has different degrees of impact on the work and life of patients, and even affects the physical and mental health of patient

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Background and Aims: Obesity and overweight are associated with a wide spectrum of morbid conditions, which contribute to high prevalence of disability and mortality worldwide. These conditions include the metabolic syndrome, cardio-- vascular and cerebro-vascular events, and fatty liver disease with the possible deterioration to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and malignancy. Despite the wide variety of treatment options available, which include lifestyle modifications and medical and surgical interventions, obesity is still considered a worldwide pandemic, necessitating the search for additional treatment options. As caffeine exerts weight-reducing properties, we here studied the effect of Beautycoffee, a dietary supplement composed of black and green coffee arabica, together with herbal compounds, believed to be effective towards decreasing body weight.

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In the past few years, E-cigarettes (or vaping) are getting the popularity among the youth in Bangladesh. This is critical as it may lead to an increase in the number of smokers in future. The study aimed to identify the trend of E-cigarette smoking, habitual pattern of E-cigarette smokers, and their perception and experiences of health hazards. A cross-sectional mixed methods study was conducted from April to November 2020 in Dhaka and Chittagong cities. A total of 370 E-cigarette smoker aged 18 and above years, were surveyed face-to-face using a semi-structured questionnaire

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Sugarcane is a vital cash crop grown in about 200 tropical and sub-tropical countries around the world. Due to its high rates of occupational diseases, accidents, and fatalities the agro industry is regarded as one of the most hazardous industries despite being one of the essential sectors globally regarding food supply and workforce. Most of the world's cane sugar crop is produced In Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), such as Sudan, where agriculture and farming are still the main sources of income and managing occupational health and safety is challenging

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A cross sectional survey on socio economic and health status among randomly selected rag pickers in the dump site of Mekelle city was done during 2020. The study showed that all rag pickers were 19 to 25 years old males; 60% of them were educated up to secondary level

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spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by degeneration of alpha motor in anterior horn cells of brain and spinal cord, which results in muscular atrophy, hypotonia, fasciculations, areflexia, paralysis and even death in most severe cases. The underlying cause of this disease is biallelic loss of survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Depending upon the clinical features & patient's age, SMA is classified into different distinctive sub types

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Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a key excipient in formulation and production of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms such as tablets. In this study, the microcrystalline cellulose (Novicel™) obtained from sugarcane bagasse (a waste material from sugarcane factories) was compared with Avicel PH 101 (a commercially available MCC) for its physicochemical characteristics and potential as a dry binder in direct compression of ascorbic acid tablets.

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Rapid data collection can provide an insight into causation, the socio-cultural reality, and complex social processes. This is especially important in disease outbreaks when information is quickly required on local needs that is essential for success. Quantitative data alone are not sufficient to provide an in-depth understanding. The challenge is to use a rapid data collection approach that can provide practical solutions by integrating the available evidence, professional expertise, and stakeholder experiences. This viewpoint reflects the opinions of the author that highlight the strengths and weaknesses of rapid data collection and the presentation of an approach that can be implemented with minimal interference in a health promotion and healthcare program context

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ALS is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neuron in cerebral cortex, cranial nerve nuclei and anterior horn cells of spinal cord. Three drugs are FDA approved, Riluzole, Edaravone and AMX0035 (recently approved), which can only prolong survival time by 2-3 months.

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That unemployment, poverty, artisanal mining, and community vulnerability are interwoven is re-emphasizing the reality of life. This study assesses the effect of artisanal mining activities on River Kpapi and the adjoining settlements in Minna putting into consideration Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG8). Observatory field survey was carried out on the entire river channel, and laboratory analysis of water samples taking to determine its hydro-chemical and Water Quality Index (WQI) characteristics using the silver nitrate method of the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the Water Quality Index (WQI)

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Large numbers of nations are associated with utilization of anti-toxins regardless of remedy (OTC medications). This DDD/ ATC value contributes to improved antibiotic use quality. The principal objective is to direct improvement of sane medication use of strategies and to give a standard technique for information for future evaluation.

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In literature are reported various use of activated charcoal AC and derivates in biopharmaceutical purifications.Aim of this work is to verify impurity proficle when using this technology.Various commercial products are reported here but it is not the scope of this work put in relation with any toxicological reaction: only to describe the technique used in this field.Because various drugs and bioproduct need purification steps it is if of interest to see some material science peculiarity

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Human odor detection technologies have drawn attention due to the wide possibility of potential applications they open up in areas such as biometrics, criminal investigation and forensics, search for survivors under rubble, and security checkpoint screening. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been the most successful and powerful analytical approach developed to date for human odor analysis, and hundreds of human odorants have been identified using this tool.

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The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.

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The collection of human odor volatiles is of interest to forensic applications as a path to investigate canine scent discriminations in legal investigations. A study using a selected array of previously identified human odor compounds has been conducted to determine the retention and release capabilities of five (5) natural and synthetic fabric types, cotton (mercerized fabric and gauze matrix), polyester, rayon and wool.

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We investigated a method for preparation of ordered nanopore arrays with the interpore distance of 60 nm by guided self-organization of anodic aluminum oxide with a prepatterned array of pits in the starting Al film.

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In this paper, we report on the synthesis of BaTiO3 nanowires via the anodic aluminum oxide template method. To fill in the precursors of BaTiO3 into anodic aluminum oxide templates, the vacuum and drop loading method developed in our previous study was used. Ba(CH3COO)2 (barium acetate) and C12H28O4Ti (tetraisopropyl orthotitanate) were used as Ba and Ti sources, respectively. Anodic aluminum oxide membranes with the through-hole diameter of ~200 nm were used as the template for BaTiO3 nanowires.

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