Articles Related to Pathway
Unfolded Protein Response in Cereals, A Dynamic Signaling Pathway Involved in Response to Environmental Stresses
Stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is induced by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in this organelle. It can be triggered by biotic and abiotic stress (particularly heat), but also by chemical treatments (such as DTT and tunicamycin) at a laboratory scale. To respond to this stress, various cellular mechanisms are involved, including the highly conserved protein
repair pathway, the UPR (Unfolded Protein Response). This pathway aims to restore protein homeostasis in cells. In cereals, seed storage proteins (SSP) represent one of the characteristics that determine grain quality and are of great interest to agriculture. Unlike dicots, the dynamics of the UPR induction pathway in monocots are poorly documented in the literature.
Penicillin-Streptomycin Induces Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiation into Cardiomyocytes through MAPK signal pathway
Penicillin and streptomycin are the most commonly used to prevent bacterial infection or contamination in cell culture. However, the role of Penicillin-streptomycin on inducing mouse embryonic stem cells(mESCs) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes is unclear. To illustrate the mechanism of penicillin-streptomycin on inducing mESCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes, we firstly investigated mESCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes by the traditional method. The time- space expressions of cardiac-specific genes were detected by real-time PCR and western blotting at 8 different time-points over a period of 36 days. Furthermore, action potentials were measured by patch clamp for mESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Embryonic bodies through hanging drop method, were incubated with penicillin-streptomycin (P/S) at different concentrations (1×PBS, 1×, 2×, 5×), and then, the number of cardiomyocytes and expression levels of myocardial marker proteins were detected by flow cytometry, cellular immunofluorescence, and western blotting, respectively. We found that the SSEA-1 of mESC presented green fluorescence, and H.E. staining showed karyoplasmic ratio >>1. Besides, TNNI3, TNNT2, ACTN2 and MYL-2v were clearly visible by cellular immunofluorescence. Furthermore, the ACTN2 positive cells rate of 2× and 5× groups were remarkably higher than that in Cntl (1×PBS) group and 1× group (10 Units/mL penicillin; 10 μg/mL streptomycin), as well as the expressions of GATA4, MYL-2v, TNNI3, ACTN2
Ingredients and Pathways for Sustainable Sheep Breeding Strategies under Low Input Production Systems: The Example of Two Distinct Sheep Breeds
Near East and North Africa have 90 percent of their territory classified as arid or semi-arid rangelands. Increasing importation of animals and animal products are still followed due to an increasing consumers’ demand and poor producing abilities of existing native breeds. The objectives of this paper were to: 1) underline major genetic constraints for improving native sheep breeds productivities
under low input production systems, 2) identify main ingredients and pathways for sustainable sheep breeding strategies under low input production systems.
Cervical Spinal Stimulation at Different Levels Evoked Multisegmental Motor Responses in the Lower Limbs
To report on the effect of electrical stimulation of the cervical spine while recording muscular signal from lower limb
muscles with Cervical Multisegmental Motor Responses (MMR).
Predicting Multi-Drug Inhibition Interactions based on Signaling Networks and Single Drug Dose-Response Information
Inhibiting multiple pathways/targets with combination drug therapies is widely used to maximize therapeutic benefit in many diseases. Therapeutic success can often be improved by concurrently and/or sequentially inhibiting multiple pathways/targets by combining drugs with different mechanisms of action.
A New Approach to Identify Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a known gastrointestinal disorder that has been well documented but is difficult to diagnose noninvasively.
IL-8 Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through pERK1/2 in AGS Cells
The aim of this project was to evaluate the influence of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 on gastric epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric epithelial cells.
The Effect of Interleukin-6-Type Cytokines and Adiponectin on MAPK Activation in the Immortalized Human Chondrocyte C28/I2 Line and Normal Human Chondrocytes
The C28/I2 line of immortalized juvenile human chondrocytes was employed to determine the extent to which recombinant human (rh) interleukin-6 (rhIL-6), the interleukin-6-like cytokine, rh-oncostatin M, and the adipokine, rh-adiponectin, activated extracellularsignal regulated kinase (ERK1/2), p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α MAPK) and c-Jun-amino-terminal kinase (JNK).
Perspectives and Potential Applications of Ruthenium-Based Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease characterised by continuous uncontrolled growth and expansion of abnormal cells. In general, in tumor cells the signalling pathways regulating cellular processes, as cell growth and division and cell to cellcommunication result strongly altered.
MAPK Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Diseases
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway is a signal transduction pathway that functions in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological cellular events including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, inflammation, metabolic disorders and diseases.
Drug Tolerability and Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients Treated with Two Formulations of Mycophenolic Acid
Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) is one of the most widely used immunosuppressive agents in kidney transplantation. This study was designed to compare the safety, tolerability and efficacy of two formulations of mycophenolic acid, Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) and Enteric-Coated Mycophenolate Sodium (EC-MPS), in renal transplant recipients.
Editorial Board Members Related to Pathway
Danail Bonchev
Professor
Center for the Study of Biological Complexity
Virginia Commonwealth University
United States
Center for the Study of Biological Complexity
Virginia Commonwealth University
United States
Jinlian Hua
Professor
Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology
Key Lab for Animal Biotechnology of Agriculture Ministry
Northwest A&F University
China
Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology
Key Lab for Animal Biotechnology of Agriculture Ministry
Northwest A&F University
China
David J. MacEwan
Professor
Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology
Institute of Translational Medicine
University of Liverpool
United Kingdom
Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology
Institute of Translational Medicine
University of Liverpool
United Kingdom
HARRY E. RUDA
Professor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
University of Toronto
Canada
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
University of Toronto
Canada
Nagendra K. Prasad
Assistant Professor
Division of Hematology and Oncology
Indiana University School of Medicine
United States
Division of Hematology and Oncology
Indiana University School of Medicine
United States
Aladin M Boriek
Professor
Department of Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
United States
Department of Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
United States
Marc Poirot
Research Director at INSERM
Cancer Research Center of Toulouse
University of Toulouse
France
Cancer Research Center of Toulouse
University of Toulouse
France
Yue Chen
Assistant Professor
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics,
University of Minnesota
United States
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics,
University of Minnesota
United States
Songon An
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
University of Maryland Baltimore County
United States
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
University of Maryland Baltimore County
United States
Charles J. Malemud
Professor
Department of Medicine and Anatomy
Case Western Reserve University
United States
Department of Medicine and Anatomy
Case Western Reserve University
United States