Articles Related to Removal

Permeable Rective Barrier Using Bottom Ash and Clay for The Removal of Contaminants Presesent in Leachate

The Rapid generation rate of solid waste due to increasing population and industrialization leads to open dumping of solid waste. This causes serious environmental risk of groundwater contamination due to landfill leachate, that consists of heavy metals and impurities.

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Application of a Low-Cost Material for Uranium Removal: Experimental Variables and Study of Concomitants

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Temperature Variation on Sulphur Removal from Laterite Nickel Leaching Residue and Iron Extraction

Nickel production for electric vehicle batteries increases by 30% every year. As the country with the most nickel production in 2021, Indonesia will operate six nickel refining plants with High-pressured acid leaching technology and one development of Step Temperature Acid Leach technology. Problems arise with many hydrometallurgical-based nickel refining plants where the leach residue will continue to accumulate and potentially pollute the soil environment. Lateritic nickel leach residue has a high Fe content reaching 44.45% in the form of hematite and an S content of around 1.3%. Besides, demand growth in the iron and steel industry is greater than the availability of its raw materials. Thus, secondary sources for raw materials for the iron and steel industry are needed. The maximum S content for steel raw materials is 0.1%, so the sulfur content in leach residue must be removed. This research focuses on removing sulfur content in lateritic nickel leach residue by roasting at a temperature of 500 °C until 1100 °C. The experiment was continued with reduction roasting at various temperature profiles. The reduced phase of the roasted leach residue sample is then compared with the reduced phase of the initial leach residue sample. Sulfur content decreases with increasing roasting temperature. Sulfur content reaches ~0% at a roasting temperature of 1100 °C. The optimum initial sample reductive roasting temperature of lateritic nickel leach residue was 1400 °C with 95.9% Fe content and 0.1% S in metal. The optimum reductive roasting temperature for 1100 °C roasted samples was 1200 °C with 94.6% Fe content and 0% S. Roasting treatment can reduce the optimum temperature for the reduction roasting process.

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Removal of Heavy Metals from Groundwater by Hydrous Ferric Oxide-Modified Peanut Shell

This study reports the adsorption capacity of copper Cu (II) and nickel Ni (II) of biochar obtained from peanut shell. The kinetics and equilibrium of biosorption were examined in detail. Two kinetic models (pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order) were used to correlate the experimental data and to determine the kinetic parameters. Two well-known adsorption isotherms were chosen to describe the biosorption equilibrium (Langmuir and Freundlich). The equilibrium isotherms showed that modified peanut shells possess high affinity, sorption capacity for Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions, sorption capacities of 37.443 mg/g Cu (II) and 28.626 mg/g Ni (II) biomass, respectively. All results showed that peanut shells biomass is an attractive, alternative low-cost bio sorbent for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous media, therefore biomass materials find good application prospects.

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The Efficiency of Functional Activated Carbon Non-woven Fabric Filters for Fine Dust Reduction

Particulate matter (PM) concentrations are significantly higher in urban railway tunnels (178.1 μg/m3) than in metropolitan areas (49 μg/m3). Nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations, which are a direct cause of lung disease, have been found to exceed the atmospheric standard of the Ministry of Environment in tunnels in Korea. Dust generated by trains is scattered at high speed along tunnels, making filtration difficult. The development of filters that can be used in tunnels is urgently required. In this study, the results of using an activated carbon filter (ACF) were analyzed and compared with the laboratory-scale PM adsorption using functional activated carbon non-woven fabric filters (Cerebasel, Cerecore) that can be manufactured in Korea. The fine PM concentration, filter depth, and flow rate in the tunnel were the experimental variables. We compared PM concentrations before and after the filter experiments, and calculated the PM removal efficiency to determine the optimal conditions.

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Immunodepletion of Multiple High-Abundant Proteins from Bovine Fluids

Immunodepletion of high-abundant proteins (HAPs) aids in the identification and analysis of low-abundant proteins (LAPs) in complex samples. Currently, immunodepletion methods for bovine samples are very limited whereas greater availability exists for human and murine animal samples. In this study, we report the simultaneous depletion of HAPs from bovine samples using an immunoaffinity depletion cartridge (the multiple affinity removal system, MARS) designed to target six human HAPs, while such a depletion kit for bovine samples is not available.

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