Articles Related to Retrospective study
Radiation Dose to Oesophagus in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy: A Retrospective Study
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Management of Breast cancer requires multidisciplinary team approach (viz, Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, Hormonal therapy & Targeted therapy). Radiotherapy reduces the risk of breast cancer mortality for women after breast conserving surgery and for women after mastectomy for node-positive disease. One of the organs at risk in breast cancer therapy is esophagus. As such, there is potential to expose greater volumes of esophagus to radiation. This may result in increased frequency and severity of acute radiation esophagitis during treatment.
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate dosimetric parameters such as mean dose (Dmean) maximum dose (Dmax) which may influence the incidence and severity of esophagitis in breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.
Material and Methods: Treatment plans of post mastectomy patients who had already received adjuvant RT of dose 50 Gy in 25 # over 5 weeks to the chest wall along with Supraclavicular field (SCF) using 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) were selected. Mean dose (Dmean) and maximum dose (Dmax) to esophagus was assessed.
Results: Dosimetric parameters assessed are Dmean and Dmax. Dmean assessed up to less than or equal to 11Gy and Dmax assessed upto less than or equal to 34Gy. The average of Dmean in this study is 8.34Gy which is within normal limits of prescribed dose. The mean Of Dmax in this study is 24.80Gy which is in limits of prescribed dose.
Conclusion: Increased dose to esophagus in observed when IMRT is used especially when supraclavicular or internal mammary nodes are involved. Routine contouring of esophagus and planning accordingly may reduce oesophageal dose and acute oesophageal toxicity.
Clinical Impact of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy to Chronic Calculous Cholecy-stitis: A Retrospective Study
The Aims: The retro-prospective clinical study was to compare these two methods of laparoscopic and classical
cholecystectomy. To prove the postoperative benefits of laparoscopic treatment are, less pain, aesthetic aspect without
surgical scarring and shorter hospital stay, faster return to social activities as well as more cost effective.
Material and Methods: The operated patients, from January 2017 to December 2019 in the abdominal surgery ward
in Gjilan. Important data for the study are taken from the operative list, history of the disease, adequate list compiled
specifically for this study. The study included 389 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis.
Results: According to the results obtained for calculous diseases of the biliary system are predisposed persons with blood
group O, Rh-positive, with 44.2%, followed by group A + with 29.5%, group B + with 14.7%. Other blood groups and
Rh factors are below 6.5%. Statistical point of view is significant (p <0.05). The study analyzed, C-reactive protein (CRP)
values in both research group (RG) and control groups (CG); CRP by gender; and by age group. RG recorded 76.9% of
females with increased CRP values> 6, while 23.1% of males. The percentage difference in statistical terms is significant p
<0.05.
Conclusion: The results obtained have shown that there are no significant differences in the presentation of intra-operative
complications in terms of gender and age, to both methods. Optimization measures for postoperative management of
patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Continuing education in laparoscopic surgery is important for successful
management.
Suicidal Trends in Different Indian States: A Retrospective Study
Suicide is an act to intentionally end one’s life. District level suicide data were obtained from respective police stations
for the year 2019-2020. Hanging is reported to be the most common strategy primarily on the grounds that materials for
the hanging are easily available, followed by consumption of poison (primarily pesticide), drowning, burning, cut injury
to wrist, drug overdose, alcohol overdose and fall from building. Present research showed that as indicated by sex, males
are at high risk of committing suicide than that of females. The greatest number of suicide cases are reported for the age
group of 31-40 years and the least can be seen in the age group below 10 years.
Cognitive and Cognitive-Communication Impairments of Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
This study’s objective is to characterize the cognitive and cognitive-communication impairments of COVID-19 patients identified by the Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) rehabilitation team located in Toronto, Canada during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Ketogenic Diet Versus a Standard Low-Calorie Diet to Treat Mildly Obese Patients in an Outpatient Clinic: An Observational Retrospective Study
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) compared to a LowCalorie Diet (LCD) in the treatment of mildly obese patients. We aimed to highlight the difference in weight loss, compliance, physical
activity levels and drop-out rates between the VLCKD group and the standard LCD one.
Historical Perspective of Dharwad Forensic Mental Health Services during Pre-Independence Era: A Retrospective Study
Background: History of forensic mental health services provide knowledge regarding its evolution that has undergone tremendous
changes over the past two centuries. Aim: To study the forensic mental health services and management of psychiatric patients during pre-independence era. Settings and Design: Retrospective, hospital based chart-review and descriptive study. Methods and Materials: Medical records of 85 cases preserved with the 170-year old psychiatric institute were retrieved to study the
variables related to socio-demographic characteristics, family background, clinical profile, treatment methods, admission-discharge
procedures, and mortality by retrospective chart-review method. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical measures with significance
of P<0.05.
Retinoblastoma: A Retrospective Study of 27 Cases in University Hospital of Lubumbashi-RDC
We conducted a retrospective study on 27children with retinoblastoma in the Lubumbashi University Hospital between January 2008 and October 2012. Al cases were diagnosis clinically and 11 cases were confirmed by histology.
Gastroesophageal Cancer: Prognostic Factors and Treatment Results
The study presents the remote results of surgical treatment of 329 patients with cancer of gastroesophageal localization. Three 3-year survival rate is 37.1%, the 5-year survival rate is 26.2%. Prognosis after the surgery depends primarily on the extent of the tumour spread.
Feasibility Analysis of Autogenous Tooth-based Bone Graft Material after Guided Bone Regeneration Technique
We set out to determine the possibility of radiographically evaluating the degree of marginal bone loss in humans after functional loading of implants at sites of guided bone regeneration (GBR) with autogenous tooth-based bone graft (ATBBG) material (AutoBT®, Korea Tooth Bank, Seoul, Korea).
Outcome Following Surgical Correction of Abomasal Displacement in Lactating Dairy Cattle: A Retrospective Study of 127 Cases (1999-2010)
The objectives of this retrospective study were 1. To determine the effect of three surgical techniques (right flank omentopexy, right flank omentoabomasopexy, and left flank abomasopexy), and 2. To determine the effect of concurrent disease on return to normal milk production. Return to normal milk production occurred in 86.3% of cows diagnosed with LDA. Results suggested that cattle diagnosed with LDA corrected via right flank omentopexy or left flank abomasopexy were significantly more likely to return to normal milk production as compared to those corrected via right flank omentoabomasopexy (p<0.02). No significant difference in return to normal milk production was noted between surgical techniques for correction of RDA (p=1.000) and right abomasal volvulus (p=0.596). Concurrent disease diagnoses did not affect return to milk production. Reported complications were infrequent (n=11).
