Articles Related to USA
Haosmc Growth on Various Sustainable Nano/Micropatterned Surface Topographies Utilising Reusable Surface Templatin
The aim of controlling/regulating cellular processes by surface patterning of biomaterials is a crucial concept in emerging research fields, where the precise fabrication of micro-nano surface topographies is required at manufacturing scales to meet
consumer demand. Photolithography is typically employed for surface patterning; however, the high cost, process complexity, and lack of environmentally friendly and sustainable methodologies represent steep barriers for many researchers. Soft
lithographic methods have been utilised extensively as a potential alternative for traditional photolithography, yet a photolithographic step is still required for initial template fabrication. Here, we demonstrate the use of repurposed optical consumer items such as DVDs, diffraction glasses, and gratings that would otherwise be thrown away after their useful lives, being used here as a sustainable approach as templates for the formation of complex nano-patterns. By replicating these templates in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polylactic acid (PLA), we show the varied interactions of human aortic smooth
muscle cells (HAoSMC) to these surfaces. Notably, it was demonstrated that, in comparison to nonpatterned substrates,
HAoSMC interaction (adhesion, spreading, and viability) was higher on DVD patterned surfaces compared to diffraction
glass and grating patterned surfaces according to the results from cell metabolic activity (MTT and Alamar Blue), and proliferation (total DNA) assays. We demonstrate that a simple, reusable, inexpensive, yet robust technology could be a powerful
tool in improving our understanding of cell-surface interactions and for the potential development of medical devices with
micro- and nanoscale low or high adhesion features
Short-Term Usage Time and Rate of CPAP Predict Long-Term CPAP Adherence in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease associated with various morbidities worldwide.
Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the cornerstone of therapy, adherence to CPAP directly affects
its efficacy. Methods: We retrospectively investigated consecutive patients who were diagnosed with OSA and placed on CPAP the-
rapy within an approximate ten-year period. Using patient characteristics and short-term usage, the predictors of adhe-
rence to CPAP were evaluated.
Screening of Carica Papaya x Vasconcellea Cauliflora Hybrids for Resistance to Papaya Ring Spot Virus (PRSV)
Carica papaya x vasconcelleacauliflora and intergeneric F1 hybrids of these species were screened for resistance to severely infected papaya ringspot virus isolates of papaya ringspot virus. Artificial screening for papaya ringspot virus was carried out 27 days after sap inoculation. Out of twenty-nine F1 hybrid plants of CO 7 x Vasconcelleacauliflora, only six plants were found free from PRSV symptoms. Similarly, out of fifty-five F1 hybrid plants of PusaNanha x Vasconcelleacaulifloraonly twenty-three were found free from the symptoms and seventy plants out of 335 plants of CP50 x Vasconcelleacauliflora were found free from PRSV symptoms. The resistance of the hybrids and parents and their hybrids viz, CO 7 x Vasconcelleacauliflora, PusaNanha x Vasconcelleacauliflora and CP50 x Vasconcelleacauliflora were subjected to DAS ELISA test. Molecular marker viz, ISSR markers were used to check and verify the hybridity. ISSR markers showed confirmity on three hybrid progenies viz, CO7V3, CO7V5 and CO7V6 from CO 7 xVasconcelleacauliflora.
Biomarkers of Microbial Dysbiosis as Causative Agent of Acute Diarrhea in Dogs
Dysbiosis is microbial imbalance and mostly common in gastrointestinal tract [1]. There is a significant different of microbial communities in diarrheic cases more than healthy dogs’ comparison of gender & clinical signs. Clostridium species is mostly commonly genus found infectious animal cases of diarrhea and moreover in dog in other hand unclassified genus of Ruminococcaceae Bacteroidetes and Faecali bacterium were isolated. The microbiome functional gene content of (PICRUSt) with elevation gastric enzymes & increase titers infra structural proteins in acute diarrhea. Studies and data for dysbiosis with different intestinal disorders in dog associated with acute diarrhea or chronic is very limited.
Current study to evaluate microbial dysbiosis. The fecal microbiome, characterized by 655 pyrosequencing of the different genes, AU/CG. There was lower range of bacterial isolates from cases of acute diarrhea compared to animal variation with statistical analysis. Altered microbial imbalance in gut occur with the microbial communities for gastric infection.
Evaluation of System Usability Scale as A Marker of Non-Human Computer Interface’s Usability: A Sanitizer Container-Based Study
The use and the production of sanitizers have increased in the post-pandemic situation to prevent the further spread of COVID-19. Usability assessment of sanitizer containers is essentially required to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfactory use of the sanitizer containers. This study aimed to evaluate the system usability scale (SUS) as a marker of perceived usability of non-human computer interfaces, such as - sanitizer containers. The perceived usability of three types of sanitizer containers was evaluated using SUS. The authors have measured the reliability, convergent, and discriminant validity to evaluate SUS as a marker of usability of sanitizer containers. The result showed that SUS lacks convergent validity though it has a higher reliability coefficient. Thus, this is not the best measure of usability for non-human computer interfaces like-sanitizer containers. The SUS was applied on the flip cap, finger-pressure pump, and spray-type sanitizer containers. The finger-pressure pump container has exhibited a higher SUS score than others. The results of this study have given an idea about the usability of three different kinds of sanitizer containers. This research provides an overview of the application of SUS on non-Human computer interfaces like sanitizer containers. This study provides limitations like lack of convergent validity and ideas to overcome common method bias.
Effects of Gabapentin Enacarbil on Cortical Arousals, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Anterior Tibialis EMG Responses Associated with PLMs in Restless Legs Syndrome
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of gabapentin enacarbil (GEn) on sleep EEG, heart rate (HR), blood presssure, anterior tibialis EMG activity (PLMs power) and subjective complaints in subjects with moderate to severe RLS and disturbed sleep.
Methods: This was a single site, single-blind, placebo run-in, fixed dose single group polysomnography (PSG) study. Eligible subjects (age 24-66 years) were treated with placebo for one week and GEn (600 mg/day) for 4 weeks. Two in-laboratory PSGs were collected for adaptation and baseline at the end of the placebo run-in period and for re-adaptation and efficacy assessment at the end of the 4-week treatment period. The primary endpoint was the difference in PSG derived cortical arousal intensity (arousal scale, 0-9) associated with PLMs between 4 weeks of treatment with GEn and placebo. Secondary endpoints included changes in HR responses (ΔHR), nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes (>10 mmHg) secondary to PLMs and PLMs power. Other PSG and subjective measures were assessed.
Results: Of 20 subjects enrolled, 18 completed the study. Subjects treated with GEn did not show significant improvements in cortical arousal intensity and ΔHR. However, subjects showed reduced PLMs power (p= 0.013) and associated reductions in nocturnal SBP per hour of sleep (p= 0.041) GEn showed significant improvement in other PSG parameters and subjective endpoints.
Conclusion: The data suggests that GEn reduces the frequency and power of PLMs and the corresponding SBP changes in subjects with RLS. Despite reducing the total number of PLM associated arousals and nocturnal HR, the study did not demonstrate consistent effects of GEn on cortical arousal intensity and corresponding HR changes associated with PLMs.
Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02424695
Nutrition State and Fertilization of Fusarium Wilt Resistant Banana (Zhongjiao No. 9)
To apply fertilizer rationally during promotion of Zhongjiao No.9 being a fusarium wilt resistant new variety, dry matter (DM) and NPK in four organs of the banana were tested. Average fresh and dry weight (FW and DW) of No.9 were 145.35±6.42 and 18.18± 0.70 kg plant-1.
Evaluating Distance Education at Jerusalem Schools during COVID-19 Pandemic from the Point of View of Students with Physical Disabilities
This study aimed at identifying the evaluation of students with physical disabilities of distance education in Jerusalem schools during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The study sample consisted of (54) students suffering from a physical disability, selected from special education schools and public schools in Jerusalem in the scholastic year 2020/2021.
In vitro Digestibility of Indian Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) Leaves Associated with Stylosanthes guianensisin Ruminants
The study of the in vitrodigestibility of Indian bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) leaves associated with Stylosanthes guianensisin ruminants
was conducted in April 2019 in the Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit of the University of Dschang. A bovine ruminal
fluid, a source of energy (B. vulgaris) and a nitrogen source (S.guianensis) with or without polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used. A
sample of rations based on B. vulgarisassociated with 0; 20 and 30% of S.guianensis, with or without PEG was removed, dried and
milled to determine the chemical composition and evaluation of in vitrodigestibility. Results of this study showed that the addition
of legume increased the total nitrogen content (MAT) (12.87, 13.03 and 13.56% DM) when the B. vulgariswas associated with 0; 20
and 30% S.guianensis.
A Facil Water Treatment Rendering Cement Kiln Dust Reusable in Clinker Manufacturing
Worldwide, stockpiled cement kiln dust (CKD) has been neither properly disposed, nor profitably utilized. Mostly it contains ≥6 wt % alkali metal salts; therefore, it cannot be reused as a raw material in clinker manufacturing in cement industry. In the present work, a facile water treatment, before and after calcination (at 500-1000 oC) of CKD, was designed and found to help leaching out the salt content that renders CKD reusable in the clinker manufacturing.
Epidemiology of Bronchiolitis: Multicentric Study Policlinico-Garibaldi-Bronte-Caltagirone-Siracusa
Bronchiolitis is the most common infection of the lower airways of the 1st year. Infants with severe respiratory distress (2-3%) require hospital care. The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency of Respiratory Virus (VRS) infection, the usefulness of the diagnostic score, the ventilatory support and the protective effect of vaccinations.
Early Spondyloarthritis Presenting as Premenopausal Osteoporosis and Multiple Vertebral Fractures: A Case Report
We report a 30-year-old woman who presented during pregnancy with mechanical type backache due to non-traumatic multiple vertebral fractures. In-depth the assessment revealed multiple risk factors for osteoporosis, including adolescent steroid use for asthma, prolonged breastfeeding, and vitamin D deficiency. She also had persistently elevated inflammatory markers with radiological evidence of early inflammatory Sacro-ileitis. The rheumatoid factor and HLA B27 were negative. She was successfully managed with NSAIDS, zoledronic acid, and calcium supplementation. This is an example of early inflammatory arthritis in the background of multiple risk factors causing osteoporosis severe enough to cause fragility fractures. This signifies the importance of screening for multiple risk factors in pre-menopausal osteoporosis even in the presence of one or two identified risk factors.
Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Risk of Developing Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients with Chronic Aspirin Usage
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly population. Aspirin usage has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of developing this disease. This study aims to determine whether the increased risk of AMD with chronic aspirin usage is related to genetic polymorphisms in the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) genes.
Causes of Morbidity and Mortality of Wildlife Species Presented to a Wildlife Clinic in East Tennessee, USA, 2000–2011
To determine the causes of wildlife morbidity and mortality in East Tennessee, we performed a retrospective analysis using 14,303 records from cases presented to the wildlife clinic of the University of Tennessee between 2000 and 2011. The cases were first categorized into herptile (includes reptiles and amphibians), mammal, or avian and then classified into 1 of 20 groups based on the primary admitting/presenting sign. The top reasons for presentation were trauma, found abandoned/orphaned, hit by automobile, cat-related injury, and dog-related injury. Overall mortality was 45.3% for the herptile cases, 57.6% for mammal cases, and 65.1% for avian cases. There are a variety of reasons animals were presented to the clinic, and some appear to be attributed to anthropogenic factors such as automobiles (n = 1253) and habitat destruction (n = 218), while the origin of others, such as trauma and disease remain unknown. This study confirms the importance of monitoring wildlife morbidity and mortality as an indicator of ecosystem health and of focusing efforts to reduce the anthropogenic threat on native habitats and resident wildlife populations.
Gross and Histopathological Alterations in Experimental Trypanosoma Evansi Infection in Donkeys and the Effect of Isometamidium Chloride Treatment
Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection causes wasting and fatal animal trypanosomosis. This study was aimed at determining the gross and histopathological alterations in donkeys experimentally infected with T. evansi and the effect of isometamidium chloride treatment. Apparently healthy donkeys (N=18) of mixed sexes were randomly assigned to 3 groups; A1 (Infected-untreated), A2 (Infected, isometamidium-treated) and B (Uninfected, control) of six animals each. Each animal in infected groups had about 2.0x106 T. evansi injected through the jugular vein. Parasitaemia levels were evaluated using HCT and Mice Inoculation Test (support test). Gross and histopathological examinations were also conducted post-infection and post-treatment.
Editorial Board Members Related to USA
Yosra A. Mohamed
Research Associate
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine
The Ohio State University
USA
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine
The Ohio State University
USA
Paraj V. Mandrekar
Research Scientist
Genetic Identity team
Promega Corporation
United States
Genetic Identity team
Promega Corporation
United States
Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy
Professor
Pediatric Dentistry
King Abdulaziz University
Saudi Arabia
Pediatric Dentistry
King Abdulaziz University
Saudi Arabia
Lizhong Wang
Associate Professor
Department of Genetics
University of Alabama
USA
Department of Genetics
University of Alabama
USA
Bulang Gao
Professor
Department of Medical Research
Hebei Medical University
China
Department of Medical Research
Hebei Medical University
China
LAURA IRIS COSEN-BINKER
Assistant Professor
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology
Boston University
USA
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology
Boston University
USA
SAJAL DAS
Assistant Professor
Department Chemistry
University of North Bengal
Darjeeling
India
Department Chemistry
University of North Bengal
Darjeeling
India
Boxun Hu
Assistant Research Professor
Center for Clean Energy Engineering
University of Connecticut
USA
Center for Clean Energy Engineering
University of Connecticut
USA
SAYED M. HASSAN
Senior Research Scientist and Director
CAIS Lab. for Environmental Analysis
Center for Applied Isotope Studies
The University of Georgia
USA
CAIS Lab. for Environmental Analysis
Center for Applied Isotope Studies
The University of Georgia
USA
Hani Mansour
Associate Professor
Department of Water Relations & Field /irrigation
National Research Center
Egypt
Department of Water Relations & Field /irrigation
National Research Center
Egypt