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Planning for water resources development in a basin or over a region requires careful assessment of the available water resources and reasonable needs of the basin/region in foreseeable future for various purposes such as drinking water, irrigation, hydro-power, navigation, etc. There are several ongoing river water disputes between different states of India, especially in the peninsular region due to decrease in rainfall during the past 15 years or so. The sharing of water of the Mondovi River is a cause of dispute between the Governments of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Goa states. An attempt has therefore, been made to study the characteristics of rainfall distribution over the Goa state using daily and monthly rainfall data. The study mostly comprises of spatial distribution of rainfall, seasonal and annual rainfall trend, relationship between rainfall and rainy days, mean daily rainfall intensity (MDI) and yearly variation of rainfall as well. The results of this study would form basis for various studies in administrating fresh water sources, projecting the investments to prevent the urban areas from the flood and proper planning of the agricultural activities in the State.

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Human female- derived osteoblast- like cells in culture (hObs) and the cell lines (SaOS2 and hFOB) express mRNAs involved in bone biology and physiology such as estrogen receptor α (ERα) and α (ERα), vitamin D receptor (VDR), 1α, 25 (OH) vitamin D3 hydroxylase (1OHase) and 12 and 15 lipoxygenases (12LO and 15LO). These mRNAs are modulated by estrogenic compounds. Since the skeletal protective effects of estrogens are not discernible in diabetic women, we tested the estrogenic modulations of these parameters in cells grown in growth medium containing high glucose (HG; 9.0g/L; 44mM) compared to normal glucose (NG; 4.5g/L; 22mM). HG significantly increased DNA synthesis (DNA) and creatine kinase specific activity (CK). Stimulations of DNA but not of CK by estradiol-17β (E2), by 4, 4’, 4’’-[4-propyl-(1H)-pyrazol-1, 3, 5- triyl] tris-phenol (PPT; ERa specific agonist), or by 2, 3-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN; ER β specific agonist), were modulated by HG. HG Itself up regulated the expression of mRNA of 12LO and 15LO and to less extent ERβ and VDR, but had no effect on ERα and 1OHase mRNA expression. The different hormonal treatments modulated the expressions of VDR, 1OHase, 12LO and 15LO mRNAs which were reduced in HG, whereas the induction of their products 1α, 25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25D) and 12- and 15- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12 and 15 HETE) were only slightly affected by HG. The exact mechanism of HG effects on bone cell responses and its relationship to human bone physiology is not yet clear.

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Ticodendron incognitum the only species of the Ticodendraceae family was discovered in Costa Rica in 1989 and currently there are no reports on its chemical composition or biological activity.

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Significant work has been attempted to better comprehend the attributes and mechanisms suggested in simulation and data mining in precedent research. More prominent understanding causes not only give progresses in numerous fields but also enable experts to better consider the last target.

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This study was conducted to investigate the complete anatomy of the interforaminal area of the mandible. For the correct acknowledgement of the anatomical structures in this region is necessary, since it is especially important for planning implants. The CBCT and PAN images of 200 patients, taken for general dental diagnoses, were examined with regard to the mandibular incisive canal. The panoramic images were obtained using radiographic equipment Toshiba Corporation, J. Morita Mfg. Corp., Kyoto, Japan, while the cone-beam computed tomography dental imaging system GALILEOS, Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany was operated.

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Attribution of etiology for disease syndromes is critical to guide appropriate public health interventions. Partial latent class analysis model (pLCM) methods have recently been developed to address this area of research; however, model parameters, assumptions, and performance are not well understood for the general etiology problem.

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The effect of alcohol consumption on overall cancer incidence is not clear. The aim of the paper is to estimate the impact of alcohol consumption on risk distribution of the 20 most common cancer types among men and women in the Western world. A meta-analysis of relative risks for the 20 most common cancer types potentially associated with alcohol consumption in the Western world was conducted based on the most recent cancer specific meta-analyses. Cancer risks were compared between men and women applying a sigmoidal dose response model. Drinking 2.5-14.9 g alcohol/day was associated with a small decrease in overall cancer incidence: 0.977 for men and 0.974 for women; followed by a small increase in the 15-29.9 g/day category: 1.029 for men and 1.077 for women. Further increases were observed in the 30-60 g/day category indicating a 5 and 10% increase in overall cancer risk for men and women, respectively. Women appeared to be more sensitive: the alcohol consumption level to acquire overall risk increase is 22 g/day for women and 46 g/day for men.

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Ethiopian agriculture is dominated by smallholder farmers with an average per capita land holding of less than a hectare in which the production system mainly depends on rain fed. In order to characterize the climate of Mieso, Melkassa, and Adami Tulu located in Central rift valley (CRV) of Ethiopia.

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The body transition in becoming adults of obese and lean types has not been clearly demonstrated. In this study we first investigated the changes in mean BMI with age by applying the wavelet interpolation method to the changes with age in girls’ BMI. Then, by detecting the maximum peak velocity in the age-related changes in that BMI (MPV of BMI), we confirmed that BMI, similar to height and weight, follows a general type growth pattern tracing a sigmoid curve in which the peak appears in puberty.

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In this paper the main aim to study analyze data on variability in firearm restrictions and suicide rates in the Azerbaijan Republic, for this reason was evaluated two research questions: firstly, investigate the quantity of perfect suicides and attempts to them with gender indicators: secondly, indicators of means of suicide in percentage terms with the suicide age categories.

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The changes in rainfall conditions have a direct and immediate impact on the performance of agricultural sector as well as on the country’s total gross domestic product (GDP). In order to characterize the climate of Mieso, Melkassa, and Adami Tulu located in Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia daily climate data were obtained from Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre (MARC) for Mieso, Melkassa and Ademi Tulu and used for characterization using Interactive statically (INSTAT) V3.37.

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Handwriting is a uniquely human trait which progresses and evolves during lifetime and declines with age. The aim of the present paper is to assess variation in handwriting features with age among female writers of select population groups of Delhi, India (for Roman script).

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The restorative rehabilitation of extensively damaged endodontically treated teeth often requires an endodontic post as an additional retention element for core build up. Fiber reinforced post is gaining popularity due to their numerous advantages over metal posts. However, there is no published literature on the disadvantages of the fiber-based post systems. This is the first article which reviews the disadvantages and survival rate of fiber post and also compares the performance of fiber post to metal post systems.

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We think that there is a generalized opinion that nursing professionals have to possess a strong vocation for their profession, which can be compared with the priesthood. In Europe, during the Middle Ages, they were supported by the Catholic Church. It is believed that the first recorded aspects of nursing place the inception of the profession during the height of the Roman Empire, around 300 A.D. It was during this time that the Empire sought to place a hospital within every town under its rule.

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Fins are the extended surfaces through which heat transfer takes place by conduction and convection to keep the base surface cool. Fins of various configurations are presently used ranging from automobile engines to cooling of chip in a computer. Fins used presently are solid with different shapes but in the present research such solid fins are compared with solid fins having maximum of 10 numbers of embossings that further increase the surface area for maximum heat transfer.

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The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.

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Carbon nanotube (NT) based electronic vapor sensors were tested against synthetic sweat solutions, consisting of 13 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in saline, in order to probe the device ability to analyze and differentiate vapors derived from complex biological samples.

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The collection of human odor volatiles is of interest to forensic applications as a path to investigate canine scent discriminations in legal investigations. A study using a selected array of previously identified human odor compounds has been conducted to determine the retention and release capabilities of five (5) natural and synthetic fabric types, cotton (mercerized fabric and gauze matrix), polyester, rayon and wool.

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