Articles Related to cytokine

Background: Despite their good efficacy, antiretroviral drugs often induce adverse effects, in particular hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) which cause significant discomfort leading to the abandonment of treatment and then to therapeutic failure in some HIV-positive patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the association between immune responses and hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) induced by antiretroviral treatment in people who living with HIV-1 (PLHIV-1), through the distribution of immune cells and cytokine profiles.

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Cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus gattii differs from that due to C. neoformans by an increased incidence of cryptococcomas in lung and brain, higher neurological morbidity and slower response to antifungal therapy. A case report of a renal transplant recipient with disseminated and fatal cryptoccocosis is presented. For this patient and for 12 controls, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-12p40, CXCL-8 and CXCL-10 were measured. Broth microdilution assay, in accordance with CLSI-M27-A3 document was performed to determine antifungal susceptibility. BAL yielded yeasts when cultured that were identified as C. deuterogattii through biochemical reactions and URA5-RFLP genotype. The strain presented susceptibility to amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, and ketoconazole. The patient presented significant higher levels of IL-10 (73.22 pg/mL), IFN-γ (257.08 pg/mL), CXCL-8 (161.93 pg/ml) and CXCL-10 (1000.76 pg/mL) than controls. Different from C neoformans, scarce data are available about the immune response in patients with C. deuterogattii infection, especially cytokine profile on BAL.

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The study was aimed to standardize pro-inflammatory cytokines and haematological biomarker level in visually adult healthy swine as an early health check-up scanner. In the present study, total six (6) crossbreed pigs (Yorkshire × Swedish Landrace) with similar age group (3 years) and unisex (male) with average body wt (140 kg) were selected for sampling.

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Colostrum-derived transfer factors are among the highest potential natural immunostimulatory food supplements. In our study, we evaluated the possible effects of supplementation with various compositions that included transfer factors in phagocytosis, TNF-α and IL-2 secretion, antibody formation and NK cells activity. We found significant improvements of all these immune reactions after 7 days of supplementation.

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The pathogenesis and immune response to a chronic viral infection is multifaceted especially for HIV infection. The effect of HIV on the systemic immunoenvironment of the infected individual is profound and triggered by multiple stimuli. While replication competent viral infection induces a large spectrum of immune responses, such as cytokine release, we focused on what happens when cells are exposed to replication incompetent virions and their components.

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The link between disease and the oral cavity represent clinically important factors that have given rise to the interest in using saliva as a diagnostic fluid for systemic diseases. The objective of this study was to detect and quantify cancer related cytokines in the saliva of women with breast cancer and compare their concentrations to a healthy cohort.

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In assisted reproduction of cattle the design and preparation of in vitro culture media has been instrumental in supporting the development of bovine oocytes and embryos. In vitro production (IVP) involves three main sequential steps: oocyte aspiration and in vitro maturation (IVM); in vitro fertilization (IVF); and in vitro culture (IVC) of early pre-implantation embryos.

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The aim of this project was to evaluate the influence of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 on gastric epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric epithelial cells.

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Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type III (CDA III) can be caused by mutation in KIF23. CDA III differs from CDA I and II in the sense that secondary hemochromatosis has not been reported. However, we have observed elevated serum ferritin in a CDA III family.

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Hepatic dysfunction is rarely the presenting feature of malignancy, however it is important to recognize early on as the quick institution of chemotherapy could potentially reverse the liver disease.

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Tissue cytokine levels (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10) have been utilized for screening, diagnosis, prognostication and treatment of tumors. The current study, therefore, purports to measure the levels of common cancer associated cytokines in histopathologically confirmed tissue samples of eyelid tumors.

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The C28/I2 line of immortalized juvenile human chondrocytes was employed to determine the extent to which recombinant human (rh) interleukin-6 (rhIL-6), the interleukin-6-like cytokine, rh-oncostatin M, and the adipokine, rh-adiponectin, activated extracellularsignal regulated kinase (ERK1/2), p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α MAPK) and c-Jun-amino-terminal kinase (JNK).

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A fucoidan with high ester sulfate content (38-40% by weight) has been isolated in a commercial scale process from Laminaria hyperborea harvested from the western coast of Norway. This is the first characterization of a fucoidan from this species of macroalgae. Ultra purified samples with negligible endotoxin levels were evaluated for cytokine expression in cultured human mononuclear cells.

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Gallbladder carcinoma is a multifactorial disease with a complex interplay at molecular levels. Here we look at the expression of specific cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF) in GBC patients to develop them as biomarkers of gallbladder cancer.

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There is a discrepancy in how phytoestrogens and soy products are viewed in science and medicine. Among edible plants, phytoestrogens are most abundant in soy, and are structurally and functionally analogous to estrogens, with their biological action mediated by estrogen receptors.

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