Articles Related to dental

: Ammonia is corrosive and exposure will result in a chemical-type burn. It is highly hygroscopic and readily transforms the moist areas of the body such as eyes, nose, throat, and moist skin areas. It is a highly toxic irritant gas, and its toxicity usually occurs from occupational exposure, most are unintentional toxicity. It causes tissue damage via exothermic reaction with body tissues causing liquefactive necrosis. Release of ammonia has potentially for harmful effects on workers and the public. Although there have been incidents of exposure to harmful concentrations of ammonia in the world there have been few fatal accidents.Presentation depends on the level and duration of exposure. Management is supportive and its antidote is not available yet

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The impression is a key stage in the success of the prosthetic process. Taking an impression remains the most difficult and delicate phase in the prosthetic chain. The aim of this study was to assess the attitude and knowledge of dental surgeons regarding impression taking in dental practices in Burkina Faso.

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The study aimed to assess the attitudes toward dental and oral health of parents of children receiving anti-cancer treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was based on a convenience sample of parents of 50 pediatric patients who were receiving anti-cancer treatment (study group) and 62 parents of healthy children (control group). Questionnaires were distributed to assess awareness towards oral and dental care.

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Dental dyschromias have several origins among them we cite fluorosis. Dental fluorosis is defined as a qualitative anomaly of the enamel, resulting histologically in hypomineralisation due to excessive ingestion of fluorides during amelogenesis. Clinically, it takes the form of opacities in the enamel. These opacities may affect homologous teeth symmetrically, and generally affect several groups of teeth. Topographically, isolated or confluent white lines or discrete white patches are observed. Interpretismatic spaces are wider, resulting in porous and permeable enamel. On the one hand, this explains the post-eruptive dyschromias, where exogenous pigments penetrate the pores and transform the white opacities into brown. It is classified into 3 categories: mild, moderate and severe. So that this case was moderate fluorosis and appropriated for the treatment with enamel microabrasion. Differential diagnosis for this condition includes: enamel hypoplasia, amoelogenesis imperfecta, and dental caries.

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Dental practice involves a risk of exposure to microorganisms causing many infectious diseases. The risk of contamination starts at the beginning of the prosthetic workflow through impressions. Various chemical disinfection protocols for dental impressions are reported in the literature.

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The aim of this study was to compare in vitro the micro hardness of enamel exposed to the erosive effects of three pre-workout drinks. Forty blocks (4mmx4mm) of bovine enamel were randomly selected and divided among the following pre-workout drinks (n=10): G1: Universal Shock Therapy®, G2: 1.M.R Vortex™, G3: Jack3Dmicro™, G4: Control (distilled water). The enamel microhardness was evaluated before (T1) and after (T2) the in vitro erosive test (5 min/3 times/5 days) using a Vickers digital microduremeter (load 100g/penetration 15s). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, ±sd) and for comparison testing, using the Kruskall Wallis test and the t Student test (p≤ 0.05). All groups showed a reduction in micro hardness after the erosive test (p =0.001).1.M.R Vortex™ drink showed a large decrease in micro hardness (%SMH:34,92%). Pre-workout drinks significantly decreased the superficial micro hardness of enamel

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A dental chair and its environment can be contaminated with droplet/splatter and aerosol particles, which contain various pathogens, including SARS-Cov-2, that can be transmitted by contact or inhalation. We aimed to evaluate the maximal distance of droplet/splatter projections for four different air and water-cooled dental instruments using a patient simulator, to define the boundaries of the open-plan area contaminated immediately after treatment. We used a dental chair unit placed in a room in the open-plan area. Fluorescent powder was added to water, to know the maximal distance reached by the droplet/splatter on the surfaces of the dental room covered with white sheets. Dental care was performed in an artificial mouth using either an air turbine handpiece, a high-speed electric contra-angle, an ultrasonic scaler, or an air/powder polisher with a constant volume of colored water. Maximal distances of droplet/splatter projections were measured after identifying the fluorescent patterns on the surfaces. Calculated heights and angles were then used after normalization to know the maximal distance that could be reached by these projections. In these conditions, the theoretical maximal distance of droplet/splatter projection was 295 cm for the air-powder polisher, followed by 238 cm for the high-speed electric contra-angle, 93 cm for the air turbine and 77 cm for the ultrasonic scaler. Theoretical projections for the ultrasonic scaler did not go beyond the dental room. In our open-plan area, droplet/splatter projections can extend beyond the dental room entrance, but not over 1.80 m-high partitions, and could contaminate areas located nearby. Simple preventive measures would be to limit the perimeter of these projections, for example by installing a door, in addition to measures to limit the scope of aerosols.

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Bite marks are commonly observed in cases such as slaughter, sexual assault, child abuse cases, and during sports events. Bitemark is a type of ‘patterned injury’ which played an important role as evidence in judicial system. Bite marks can find on various body parts and various edible leftovers at the Crime Scene which can be used as evidence for identification of the criminals. Teeth impression shows sexual dimorphism and therefore helps in gender estimation. The various dental characteristics are individual-specific. A piece of exhaustive information and examination of indentations can help in the vindication of the guiltless as well as give decisive proof to the conviction of criminals. In certain violations, indentation proof is the main proof on which conviction has been accomplished, especially in rape and kid abuse cases. The present review describes the importance of bite mark analysis, estimation of gender through bite marks, and stability of teeth impression in diverse conditions. This article can give a better comprehension of the methodology used in forensic dentistry when investigating dental impressions.

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Introduction: The prosthetic act must obey the rules of asepsis with a certain rigour for the decontamination of impressions to reduce the risk of cross-contamination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of practitioners in the Dakar region (Senegal) regarding the decontamination of impressions. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological survey of 150 dentists in the Dakar region. Results: The sample consisted of 59,3% men and 40,7% women. Practitioners practising in private practice were 61,0% against 39% in public practice. The majority (83.3%) of dentists in the study had not received any continuing education on aseptic procedures in prosthetics and had a vague idea of the term "decontamination of impressions". Nevertheless, almost all practitioners (94,0%) systematically rinsed the impressions with water after disinsertion, 48.7% of practitioners decontaminated their impressions with a disinfectant. The most used decontamination methods were immersion at 70.3% followed by spraying at 17.1%. Sodium hypochlorite (63.9%) was the most used solution due to its effectiveness, simplicity of use and cost. Conclusion: There is diversity in the attitude and knowledge of dentists. Disinfection protocols that are simple to implement and adapted to the impression materials should be put in place. Moreover, a rinsing as soon as the mouth is removed must be carried out, then a post-disinfection rinsing for a better dimensional stability of our impressions.

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Several factors have been identified as contributing to medical errors such as labels, appearance, and location of ampules. In this paper, inadvertent intrathecal Injection of tranexamic acid has resulted from similarities in appearance between tranexamic acid and heavy bupivacaine 0.5% ampoules. The patient experienced severe itching in the gluteal region followed by generalized myoclonic seizures after accidental intrathecal administration of tranexamic acid.

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To evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in the individuals with cleft lip and palate as well as to assess the incidence of differences among unilateral cleft lip and palate and bilateral cleft lip and palate subjects in terms of dental anomalies and sexual dimorphism.

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This investigation studies the potential use of infrared (IR) sensing technology to answer key questions of scalding. In particular, scalding incidents are frequently plagued by conflicting recollections, uncertain details, and litigation. Questions often relate to how a scalding spill occurred, how hot the liquid was, the direction of liquid flow, and the connection between burn patterns and spill patterns. Flow patterns, among others are sometimes, challenging to determine after a spill incident. Nevertheless, IR technology can be used for event reconstruction and can help identify the typical burn patterns that result from spills. Here, IR imaging is applied to common scald situations. The IR imaging provides temperature information that is continuous in both space and time and can be used with currently available burn models to predict burn depths and patterns. The IR images are used to generate a burn-depth map superimposed on the patient’s body. This study shows that IR imaging leads to reproducible results that can be used to predict burn-depth patterns based on situation specific spills.

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Thyroid tissue samples of 200 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy, near total thyroidectomy and subtotal thyroidectomy for surgical management of multinodular goiter were designed our study. The surgical procedures were performed between January 2016 and December 2018 in general surgery department MUST University. Preoperative ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and the postoperative surgical specimens were delivered to pathology lab at MUST University 6th of October city, Giza. Patients with thyroid neoplasms, thyroiditis, toxic and recurrent goiter were excluded from the study. Personal and demographic data were collected and analyzed. Postoperative clinical complications and incidental neoplasms were evaluated. All the patients were followed up over 1 year for expected clinical complications, recurrence of goiter and appearance of neoplasms.

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Dental implant is a part of the standard of care of dental treatment and it have been utilized since 1965 and the treatment had been done on healthy patient and medically compromised but certain diseases and conditions had to have meet certain requirements so the treatment can be successful but with advanced technologies and technique now we want to find has the standards and requirements been affected or they are the same as they have been from the start in medically compromised patients.

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Intra-oral radiography is ubiquitous in dentistry and practitioners are increasingly using extra-oral radiography in everyday practice. Practitioners may encounter findings on radiographs that they are unfamiliar with and are unsure of the clinical significance. This retrospective study aimed to ascertain the radiographic presentations which were more likely to prompt these clinicians to seek an opinion from a Dento-maxillofacial radiologist (DMFR) and the most common pathologies referred.

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