Articles Related to hepatitis

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease that caused by hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatitis B virus replicates in the liver and causes both acute and chronic hepatitis. The virus predominantly transmitted through a blood and sexual contact from potential sources. Healthcare professionals are at great risk of occupational exposure to this virus.

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In individuals with no immune disorders, a total of three Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccinations is recommended, with no need for booster doses except for certain circumstances. However, some studies have indicated that in infants vaccinated at birth against HBV in the context of a universal vaccination program may have reduced antibody titers over years, with a need for a booster dose at adolescence.

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Treatment of Hepatitis B infection is available with the help of existing drugs but the eradication of HBV infection is still under the pipeline. The application of novel drugs and gene-based therapies for HBV infection in need of the hour, however, the lack of efficient cell culture system, animal models for viral infection and replication acts as a major obstacle for novel therapies. This not only hampers the progress of HBV research but also stress the need for effective forthcoming therapeutics for Hepatitis B infection. Proteomic studies to understand the protein ubiquitination and to find molecular markers are the effective tools to study the HBV infection, pathogenesis and its control.

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single stranded, positive RNA virus belonging to the Hepeviridae family. HEV infection can cause an acute hepatitis that is self-limited. However, fulminant hepatic failure can occur in patients with underlying chronic liver disease, in the elderly, and in pregnant women. Genotypes 3 and 4 (HEV-3 and HEV-4) are present in humans and other animals, and are the main cause of autochthonous cases of hepatitis E in industrialized countries.

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The aim of this study is to estimate the age-dependent force of infection for hepatitis B virus (HBV) for sick patients showing symptoms, blood donors and people coming to the serology department to test for the antigen in blood voluntarily. A secondary data was obtained from the serology department at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH, January 2013- June 2016).

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Sjögren syndrome (SS) is chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands. It is an elaborate involvement of the lacrimal and salivary glands, which eventually lead to keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia.

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Syringe exchange programs (SEPs) have been shown to be effective in reduction of infectious disease rates in several studies over the years.

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Hepatic dysfunction is rarely the presenting feature of malignancy, however it is important to recognize early on as the quick institution of chemotherapy could potentially reverse the liver disease.

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Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) is one of the 3 well-established modalities of renal replacement therapy used in patients with renal failure. Despite its significant role as a successful method of renal replacement therapy, PD is highly associated with peritonitis and catheter-related infections.

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Fish oils are the most common source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). It has been pointed out protective effects and beneficial effects of EPA on body weight reduction, heart health, blood lipid profile, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. Based on its biological activities, EPA may be developed to a complementary and alternative medicine through further research. In this paper, the pharmacological effects of EPA were summarized by reviewing the recent related literatures.

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Methadone, a long-acting opioid agonist, binds to and occupies mu-opioid receptors, preventing withdrawal symptoms for 24 hours or longer, reduces craving for opioids, and, by maintaining high levels of opioid tolerance, reduces the euphoric effects of subsequent illicit opioid use. As a controlled substance with potential for abuse, methadone use is regulated in the US and other countries.

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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology. It usually has a benign course, but those cases with multi system involvement have poorer prognosis. Sarcoidosis is an under diagnosed disease in India, probably due to the close resemblance to tuberculosis and the lack of awareness. But this disease is not so rare in India, as previously thought.

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We present an indoor forensic case that occurred in spring 2013 in Cosenza (southern Italy). The entomological evidence collected at the scene consisted of Calliphoridae (Calliphora vicina, Lucilia sericata), Sarcophagidae (Sarcophaga crassipalpis), Fanniidae (Fannia scalaris) and Muscidae (Hydrotaea ignava).

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48-years old man was found dead at home, lying in his bed. There was a bucket with liquid vomited remnants with no addition of fresh or digested blood found near the bed and an empty bottle of alkaline mineral water often used to attenuate the gastric pain.

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A reliable, fast, sensitive and selective Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of fenofibrate in marketed product (Lipanthyl) and human plasma. The chromatographic separation was performed on a reversed-phase Acquity®BEH C18 column (1.7 μm particle size, 50 mm x 2.1 mm ID) with an isocratic elution profile and mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (80:20, %, v/v). To achieve optimum chromatographic condition the influence of mobile phase composition and flow rate was investigated. The total chromatographic analysis time was as short as 2 min.

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