Articles Related to juvenile

Primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency-4 (CoQ10D4) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by childhood-onset of cerebellar ataxia and exercise intolerance. Molecular pathology responsible for clinical findings is mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction. The main clinical manifestation involves early-onset exercise intolerance, progressive cerebellar ataxia and movement disorders. Some affected individuals develop seizures and have mild mental impairment, indicating variable severity.

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Gigantomastia is a rare condition which remains poorly understood. There is no universally accepted definition, however breast weight exceeding 3% of total body weight has been proposed. Juvenile gigantomastia, a subtype, involves sudden onset, excessive growth of breast tissue in relation to puberty and can occur before or after the onset of menstruation. This paper reports on the first known case of juvenile gigantomastia seen in the United Kingdom. A 16-year old female presented with a 12-month history of rapid breast growth. She had no other medical problems and no relevant family history. Examination revealed bilaterally enlarged breasts extending to the level of the anterior superior iliac spine, with enlarged superficial veins, ill-defined areola and areas of skin ulceration. A range of hormone and autoimmune tests were performed with all results found to be normal. After MDT discussion, the treatment of choice was reduction mammoplasty with an inferior pedicle technique and free nipple grafting if necessary. The total volume of tissue removed weighed 10.9 kg; 6.6 kg from the right breast, 4.3 kg from the left breast. Initial post-operative results demonstrate a highly satisfactory reduction with minimal scarring and no further growth of breast tissue. Histology showed a benign pattern secondary to extensive proliferation of glandular and stromal tissue. The tissue tested positive for both oestrogen and progesterone receptors and so the decision was made to treat the patient with tamoxifen until the age of 21 years in order to prevent recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of juvenile gigantomastia in the UK.

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To report the long-term outcome including disease activity, damage and social status, quality of life at the last follow-up visit in a Saudi cohort of adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and to determine the predictive factors.

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Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy (JIE) is a self-limiting neurological disorder with a suspected genetic predisposition affecting young Arabian foals of the Egyptian lineage. The condition is characterized by tonic-clonic seizures with intermittent post-ictal blindness, in which most incidents are sporadic and unrecognized. This study aimed to identify genetic components shared across a local cohort of Arabian foals diagnosed with JIE via a combined whole genome and targeted resequencing approach: Initial whole genome comparisons between a small cohort of nine diagnosed foals (cases) and 27 controls from other horse breeds identified variants uniquely shared amongst the case cohort.

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Prenatal development consists of three stages in dogs. These stages are called preimplantation, embryonic and fetal period respectively. Embryonic or fetal losses may occur as a result of any causes that damage embryo or fetus during prenatal development period. These losses are called resorption, abortion, mummification and maceration according to the stage of pregnancy. Fetal maceration is often observed in cattle, but also can occur in other domestic animals. The incidence is quite low in bitches. The materials of this case were two bitches in different breeds that are Pointer and Golden retriever. They were brought to Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology by their owners with the complaints of growth in their abdomen, increase in weight and decrease in movements at different times. Firstly, detailed anamnesis was taken from their owners. As the mating status of both bitches is unknown, the probabilities of pregnancy and pregnancy pathologies have been neglected in the clinics previously referred to with the same complaints and both bitches were diagnosed with obesity by considering breed predisposition. In this context, it was learned that there was no treatment except for the suggestion of on low energy content foods and exercises however no healthy improvements were observed in both bitches. Gynecological, ultrasonography and radiographic examinations, whole blood and serum biochemistry analysis were performed on both bitches after anamnesis was taken. When the findings of the analysis and examination were evaluated, it was concluded that the fetuses were autolyzed in the uterus without being aborted. It was concluded to perform ovariohysterectomy operation on both dogs for treatment. When the removed uterus tissues were examined, it was seen that both bitches had fetal maceration.

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Harsh sentences have resulted in many prisoners being elderly at the time of their release. However, the longer individuals have been incarcerated and the older they are, the more difficult it may be for them to re-enter free society. We developed a reintegration program to promote their successful adjustment to society and to prevent their reoffending, and evaluated its effectiveness. Participants were 25 older prisoners in Japan; all were homeless and more than 65 years old.

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Juvenile ossifying fibroma is an uncommon clinical entity, its aggressive local behaviour and high recurrence rate mean that it is important to make an early diagnosis, apply the appropriate treatment and, especially, follow the patient up over the long term. In the current article we report a case of juvenile ossifying fibroma-WHO type in 12yr old patient which was clinical and histopathologically challenging as it was asymptomatic and at an unusual location.

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The application of legal knowledge to psychiatry and of psychiatric knowledge to the legal issues is the subspecialty of psychiatry know as forensic psychiatry. In India, forensic psychiatry is still in its infancy. The legal issues pertaining to the mental health care in India appeared only after British Rule, with very minimal changes occurring post independence.

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