Articles Related to pneumonia
Comparative Assessment of Chest X-ray Interpretations by AI Model and Radiologist Vs Pulmonologist in Predicting the Clinical Status of Covid-19 Pneumonia Patients
Pneumonia is most prevalent and acute respiratory disorder. Chest radiography is the gold standard to confirm
the clinical condition and the progress. The use of AI in diagnostic workflow proved to be useful. In this study, quantitative
assessment by the AI device is compared with the qualitative assessment by the radiologists.
SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia in A Preterm New born Treated Successfully by Dexamethasone
Data on illness in preterm infants due to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is limited. Duration of viral shedding and treatment options including use of dexamethasone to treat SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in preterm newborns are scarce and not-well reported. We are reporting SARS-COV-2 positive sick preterm twins vertically infected from SARS-COV-2 positive unvaccinated mother. Twin B initially tested negative at 24 & 48 hours of life (HOL) but subsequently tested positive at 72 HOL and developed SARS-COV-2 pneumonia and required a longer duration of respiratory support. We treated her with 10 days of dexamethasone and noted a good clinical response. To our knowledge, we are first to report the use dexamethasone in a premature newborn with SARS-COV-2 pneumonia. Additionally, the duration of viral shedding in both Twin A and Twin B was between 4-5 weeks.
Disseminated Blastomycosis: A Case Report
Blastomycosis is known for its propensity to mimic other illnesses, which often leads to incorrect or delayed treatment. Here we present a case report of a patient working in Wisconsin who was misdiagnosed as Tuberculosis since he was an Indian. The patient was not evaluated on endemic grounds for Blastomyces where he was working for couple of years. After he developed skin lesions along with increased shortness of breath, lesions were evaluated which showed large yeast cells resembling Blastomyces. The treating pulmonologist evaluated his occupational history and was revealed with endemicity for Blastomyces.
Early Predictive Value of MR-proADM in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19: An Observational Study in the Emergency Department
Since December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reached catastrophic proportions. Many patients required admission to the intensive care units (ICU), stressing the capacity of public health systems. The workload in the emergency departments (ED), especially the ICU, has dramatically increased, creating a pressing need to optimize resources through risk stratification for critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Should the Lateral Chest Radiograph be a Routine Projection in the Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children: A Narrative Review?
Chest x-rays (CXR) are frequently used in the diagnosis of pneumonia in pediatrics patient. The lateral projection produces more than double the effective patient dose than the frontal (anterior-posterior (AP)/ posterior-anterior (PA)) projection in CXR series, with potentially little assistance in diagnosing disease.
Acute Pneumonia is More Cardiovascular than a Respiratory Disaster
The discovery of antibiotics was one of the greatest achievements of medical science. The introduction of these drugs into medical practice has saved and continues to save millions of lives. At the same time, every year it becomes more and more obvious that antibiotics are not a universal remedy for inflammatory diseases, and their long-term use entails the emergence of new problems
S. Pneumoniae Infection Associated with a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in an Adult Patient: A Case Report
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare but severe entity characterized by the triad of acute kidney injury, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. This disease is frequently observed in children after a diarrhea process secondary to Escherichia coli O157: H7. However, other disturbs may generate this disease, including pneumonia secondary to S. pneumoniae, which represents around 5% of all HUS cases. This type of HUS has demonstrated an increase in incidence in the population recently.
Assessment of Blood Concentration of Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in Healthy Calves and Stocker Calves Effected with Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex
Bovine respiratory disease complex remains one of the most economically important diseases of stocker cattle. Reports of myocardial
injury associated with BRDC have been limited to necropsy findings. An animal-side diagnostic test for cardiac troponin I (cTnI)
has been validated for use in cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the association of blood concentration of cTnI and
pneumonia in stocker cattle. A proof-of-concept study was conducted using 16 calves (7 healthy; 9 BRDC).
Observations on Aeromonas Infection in 7 Patients with Acute Leukemia
Aeromonas infections in humans are becoming increasingly frequent. They have the potential to infect humans and are associated with a variety of illnesses, such as enterocolitis, septicemia, skin and soft tissue infectious and peritonitis.
The Roles of Procalcitonin, C-Reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Predicting Bacteremia
The early differentiation between infectious and non-infectious sepsis remains a challenge due to the lack of a reliable, ready available and quick biomarker of bacterial sepsis. This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracies of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as individual and combined predictors of
bacterial sepsis, when compared to the gold standard microbiological cultures
Immunodeficiency and Microbial Infections
Immunodeficiency refers to failure of immune system to encounter infections by different microbial pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoan. This is called acquired or secondary immunodeficiency syndrome (SIS).
Identification of an Outer Membrane Protein from Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Serotype 7
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae causes porcine pleuropneumonia, a disease which occurs world-wide and affects pigs of all ages. The study on the protective immune mechanism is not thoroughly clear. An outer membrane protein (OMP) was identified by screening a phage library of 3~8kb random DNA fragments of A. pleuropneumonia serotype 7.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Infections Associated with Culture Isolated Fusobacterium Nucleatum: A Retrospective Analysis
The pathogenic potential of Fusobacterium nucleatum and its significance in infections has gained new interest. This retrospective study assessed the epidemiology of patients with infections and culture isolated F. nucleatum at two county hospitals in Houston, Texas. Clinical, epidemiological and microbiological data were obtained from the electronic medical record for both Ben Taub General Hospital and Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2011.
Non-ARV Prescriptions and Medication Burden among Commercially Insured U.S. HIV Patients
Accelerated aging and higher co-morbidity prevalence have increased non-antiretroviral (ARV) medications for HIV patients. We examined, over a 12 month period, non-ARV medication burden among HIV-positive patients 18-49 and ≥50 years using a comprehensive U.S. healthcare claims database in an age-and-gender matched analysis (1:3 matching ratio of cases to controls). Primary outcomes of interest included the median and mean number of unique non-ARV drug substances during the one month period with the highest number of prescriptions filled for each individual, and the mean number of unique classes of medication.
Case Series of Pneumococcal Meningitis in the Post 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Era
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of meningitis. Although rates of bacterial meningitis have decreased after pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine introduction, pneumococcal meningitis has not been eliminated. In this case series, we describe the presentation,
serotypes, and outcomes of 11 children with pneumococcal meningitis at a tertiary children’s hospital after the 13-valent pneumococcal
conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced, from 2011-2013. The median age of children with meningitis was 7 years. The majority
of the isolates (82%) were susceptible to penicillin. Most isolates (73%) were serotyped and there was no evidence of disease caused
by serotypes contained in PCV7
Editorial Board Members Related to pneumonia
GHASSAN M. MATAR
Professor
Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology & Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine
American University of Beirut
Lebanon
Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology & Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine
American University of Beirut
Lebanon
MICHAEL P. SHERMAN
Professor Emeritus
Department of Child Health
Division of Neonatology
University of California-Davis School of Medicine
United States
Department of Child Health
Division of Neonatology
University of California-Davis School of Medicine
United States