Articles Related to sclerosis

ALS is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neuron in cerebral cortex, cranial nerve nuclei and anterior horn cells of spinal cord. Three drugs are FDA approved, Riluzole, Edaravone and AMX0035 (recently approved), which can only prolong survival time by 2-3 months.

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Background: In Multiple Sclerosis, more efficient disease modifying treatment (DMT) are often accompanied by higher risks and side effects. Selecting the optimal DMT demands from patients and doctors therefore a complex decision-making process weighing risks and benefits. Patients and doctors often prefer to share responsibility when making these treatment decisions, but this shared decision-making model requests decision-making competence on both sides. The aim of our online study was to investigate whether patients’ decision-making competence relates to DMT selection. Method: 197 patients participated in the online survey, advertised by two patient organizations. Patients reported their DMT and who decided for or against a DMT: their neurologist, themselves, or both. We measured decision-making competence with two tasks from the Adult Decision-Making Competence Battery (A-DMC), the ability to follow decision rules and the consistency of risk perception. Perceived impairment of the disease was measured with Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS). Results: The ability to follow decision rules varied with the potency of the DMT. Patients receiving basic DMT were better able to follow decision rules compared to patients receiving medium DMT. Patients who did not take any DMT stated more frequently that this decision was their own choice and independent of their doctor’s advice. Conclusions: If patients without DMT decided against this treatment on their own behalf, doctors and caregivers potentially have to strengthen their effort to reach out to the patient and to ensure the decision is well taken.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in paralysis, inevitably, death. We herein report a case of a 67-year-old woman diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) for one year presented with type II respiratory failure who has been under comprehensive management and kept using Non-Invasive Ventilator (NIV) for more than four months in a stable condition. In this report, we try to discuss the multidisciplinary approach to optimize the functioning of the patients and to care the patients with ALS in order to improve their quality of life (QOL).

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Prosthesis material and design is thought to have a role in effective sound transmission, rate of complications and success of stapes surgery. Titanium has been shown to be a promising material in this regard. We compared the intra-operative events, complication rate and the hearing outcomes results of stapes surgery using titanium versus fluoroplastic piston prosthesis.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory condition not commonly associated with cancer. Although since 1993 with the introduction of disease modifying therapies (DMTs), changing the natural history of the disease, cancer risk appears associated with some of these new therapies. We present the most common risks associated with each DMTs.

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Describes a case of a patient that presents with hippocampal atrophy leading to hyperkinetic crises of parietal-occipital origin

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In recent years, increasing evidence has pointed to the potential role of fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of MS. Based on hypotheses describing the aggressive autoimmune responses observed in MS patients, a result of impaired between (t-PA and PA1-1) which are a key molecules in both fibrinolysis and extracellular proteolysis. The present study was done to investigate the therapeutic potential of polymerase enzyme in modulating the changes occurred between levels of Tissue- type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor (PAI-1) in patients with multiple sclerosis. A pilot study was carried out on a total of twenty-one patients (17 females, 4 males; aged 22-46 years) with demyelination suggestive of MS and clinically silent T2 brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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It is still contentious whether amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases comprise a combined disease or represent a coincidental association. We describe the case of a 78-year-old white male with a 12-month history of bulbar muscle weakness and mild cognitive impairment. Hallmarks of AD pathology were present and associated with diffuse congophilic angiopathy. The motor cortex did not show a loss of motoneurons. The anterior horns of the medulla oblongata and hypoglossal nuclei showed skein-like cytoplasmic inclusions and ubiquitin and TDP43 phosphate positive staining. No signs of FTLD were detected. The pathological results suggest that, in this case, ALS and AD pathology appeared to be independent.

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Sjögren syndrome (SS) is chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands. It is an elaborate involvement of the lacrimal and salivary glands, which eventually lead to keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia.

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Malleus ankylosis known as House syndrome is very rare. It represents 38.1% of congenital malformation of the middle ear [1] if stapes ankylosis is associated.

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A patient is present who has chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and developed a vasculitis involving the skin and large vessels along with immune complex mediated glomerulosclerosis. Both vasculitis and immune complex nephritis are rare manifestations of CLL.

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Motor Neuron Diseases (MND) are a group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy motor neurons, cells that control essential muscle activity. Despite the advances in treatment modalities, the overall survival rate has not changed for decades. This is mainly due to the lack of effective methods.

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Recently, the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis - a primary cause of cardiovascular disease – studied in a swine model has been investigated by considering in particular the effects of a high cholesterol diet lasting 8 or 16 weeks.

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Longer duration of residence among immigrants to the United States, a proxy measure of acculturation, has been associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis. South Asian immigrants are the second fastest growing immigrant group in the U.S. but little is known about the effects of acculturation with atherosclerosis in this high cardiovascular risk population.

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The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Crominex 3+ (a complex of trivalent chromium, Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) extract and purified Shilajit) in moderately arthritic dogs.

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