Articles Related to cancer
Does Body Mass Index Influence the Onset and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer?
Overweight and obesity are considered an increasing colorectal cancer risk factor. The association between excess body weight and colorectal cancer appears to be related to a state of systemic low-grade inflammation, due to an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines.
Assessment of Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Activities Blumea Lacera (Burn. F) Leaves
Blumea lacera (Burn. f.) DC. (Family: Asteraceae) is an important member of Bangladeshi natural plant resource and it is an herbaceous weed locally known as Kukursunga. Different parts of this plant are used traditionally to cure various diseases. But detail study on the antioxidant and antineoplastic potentials of Blumea lacera leaves, has not yet been done. Aim of this study is to examine the antioxidant and antineoplastic properties and quantify the different type of phytochemical content of the methanolic extract of leaves of Blumea lacera (MELB). MELB contained a rich polyphenol, flavonol, flavonoid and proanthocyanidins. MELB showed moderate cytotoxic effect against Artemia salina (brine shrimp nauplii) where its LD50 values was 66.12 μg/ml. In vitro antioxidant assay, MELB exhibited a remarkable capacity to scavenge the tested reactive species. MELB scavenged DPPH with an IC50 of 33.64 μg/mL and 42.69 μg/mL, respectively. In vivo antineoplastic assay, MELB significantly (P<0.05) decreased viable cell count and increased the survival time of EAC cell bearing mice. Hematological profiles were also restored significantly (P<0.05) to normal levels in MELB treated mice as compared to untreated EAC control mice. In addition, fluorescence microscopic view of EAC cells derived from MELB-treated group showed apoptotic characteristics in treated cells compared to untreated EAC control. our findings suggest that methanolic extract of Blumea lacera leaves(MELB) might be a potential agent with antioxidant properties for prevention of cancer and has the merit for further investigation in isolating its active constituents.
Malignant Scalp Tumors: Retrospective Analysis of 1000 Patients.
Background: Limited data on large cohort of patients with malignant tumors of the scalp are available in the literature. The
aim of this study was to review a large cohort of patients with malignant scalp tumors to determine epidemilogy, tumor
characteristics of this region and treatment.
Materials and Method: A retrospective review of patients with malignant scalp tumors diagnosed histopathologically
between 2005 and 2021 was performed. Demographic features and tumor characteristics were analyzed.
Results: A total of 1080 patients (M: F 3,5:1) were treated and followed up for a mean period of 42 months (12-120
months). Age at diagnosis ranged from 12 to 98 years. Most malignant scalp tumors (95,1%) occurred in those 50 years
or older and in bald patients (87%). Basal cell carcinomas (59,2%), squamous cell carcinomas (32,2%) and melanomas
were the most common histologic types. Incidence was highest on the frontal of temporal region (66,1%). Recurrence was
frequently in squamous and basal cell carcinomas but uncommon in melanoma.
Conclusions: Tumors of the scalp accounted about 8,01 % of all skin cancers. Tend to be basal and squamous cell carcinomas, many of which occur in the temporal and frontal region of bald men. The outlook for patients with scalp tumor is
positive, although we suggest excision margins of at least 3-4 mm and continued clinical vigilance is warranted given their
higher recurrence rates.
Radiation Dose to Oesophagus in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy: A Retrospective Study
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Management of Breast cancer requires multidisciplinary team approach (viz, Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, Hormonal therapy & Targeted therapy). Radiotherapy reduces the risk of breast cancer mortality for women after breast conserving surgery and for women after mastectomy for node-positive disease. One of the organs at risk in breast cancer therapy is esophagus. As such, there is potential to expose greater volumes of esophagus to radiation. This may result in increased frequency and severity of acute radiation esophagitis during treatment.
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate dosimetric parameters such as mean dose (Dmean) maximum dose (Dmax) which may influence the incidence and severity of esophagitis in breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.
Material and Methods: Treatment plans of post mastectomy patients who had already received adjuvant RT of dose 50 Gy in 25 # over 5 weeks to the chest wall along with Supraclavicular field (SCF) using 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) were selected. Mean dose (Dmean) and maximum dose (Dmax) to esophagus was assessed.
Results: Dosimetric parameters assessed are Dmean and Dmax. Dmean assessed up to less than or equal to 11Gy and Dmax assessed upto less than or equal to 34Gy. The average of Dmean in this study is 8.34Gy which is within normal limits of prescribed dose. The mean Of Dmax in this study is 24.80Gy which is in limits of prescribed dose.
Conclusion: Increased dose to esophagus in observed when IMRT is used especially when supraclavicular or internal mammary nodes are involved. Routine contouring of esophagus and planning accordingly may reduce oesophageal dose and acute oesophageal toxicity.
Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasms after Pediatric Solid Cancer in a Single Reference Cancer Center in Brazil
Pediatric cancer overall survival has increased due to improvements in treatment. However, long-term adverse effects are a challenge for this population. Secondary myeloid neoplasm (MN) is one of the complications of solid tumor treatment. Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) are the most common events. The aim of this study was to report a large pediatric sample and the relevance of t-MN after pediatric solid tumor therapy. We conducted a retrospective study between 2000-2016 in a cohort of pediatric patients treated for solid tumors who developed a secondary MN by medical records review and analysis. Seven from 2178 pediatric patients who were previously treated for solid tumors, were diagnosed with t-MN in a reference cancer center in Brazil. The median age at primary tumor diagnosis was 12.8 years old. Osteosarcoma, atypical primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), Ewing sarcoma, and retinoblastoma were the most frequent solid tumors associated with t-MN. Three patients had a story of familiar cancer, and one patient with osteosarcoma had Li-Fraumeni syndrome confirmed. The median latency period to secondary MN was ten months and the prevalence rate was 0.32%. Two patients developed t-MDS and five, t-AML. All these patients received cytotoxic agents’ high doses that may have been associated with t-MN development. t-MN initial control, as well as unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities, may have contributed to the poor outcome. We described the rarity of t-MN related to previous solid tumor therapy in a large pediatric sample in a Brazilian Cancer Center and their poor prognosis.
A Java Software for Randomized Phase II Clinical Cancer Trial Designs
Traditionally, a typical phase II trial has been conducted using a single-arm design recruiting patients only to the
experimental therapy to be compared with a historical control. Due to a small sample size and heterogeneity of patient
population, the patient characteristics of the patients in a new phase II trial is often different from that of the selected
historical control, so that the single-arm phase II trial may lead to biased conclusions. A randomized phase II trial
can resolve such problems by randomizing patients between an experimental arm and a control arm. We propose a
software package for designing and analyzing randomized phase II trials.
We develop a user-friendly Java software that will help us find optimal two-stage phase II trial designs. Although the programs accommodate trial designs based on various statistical methods and different types of early stopping rules, the
main part of our paper is focused on randomized phase II trials based on Fisher’s exact test with futility and superiority
early stopping values. If users enter input parameter values, the software generates a graphical output displaying all
efficient two-stage designs. Minimax, optimal, and admissible designs are highlighted as good designs, but users can
select any of the displayed designs. When the circle representing a design is clicked, all the specifics of the selected design
are displayed. Fisher’s test is an exact method whose critical values depend on the total number of responders from two
arms. So, the computations required to search for optimal randomized multi-stage phase II trial designs based on Fisher’s
exact test is very heavy. By using efficient algorithms, our software provides output at almost real time speed
Solitary Adrenal Metastasis: A Case Report of Aberrant Behavior of Prostate Cancer
A Caucasian male with prostate cancer under androgen deprivation therapy after radiotherapy for
a locally advanced lesion. Positron emission tomography/Computed Tomography revealed an adrenal lesion. The mass
was removed, and histopathological examination showed adenocarcinoma of prostatic origin. Prostate-specific antigen
decreased dramatically after adrenalectomy
Correlation between Overall Survival and Quality of Life in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A Comparison between Radiation and Chemoradiation
Desirable treatment options for inoperable esophageal cancer considering not only overall survival (OS) but also quality of life (QOL) during the entire clinical course remain unclear. We evaluated OS and QOL during the clinical course of patients with inoperable esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation or radiation. Forty-four patients with inoperable esophageal cancer between 2015 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study.
Late Benign Gastrobronchial Fistula after Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Case Report
Benign gastrobronchial fistula (GBF) is extremely rare but highly fatal complication of esophagectomy for upper gastrointestinal system cancers. We present a benign GBF after three years esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with presenting recurrent pneumonia. We choose wedge bronchoplasty without lobectomy and primary repair of gastric conduit as an approach.
Impact of the Prognostic Nutritional Index on Quality of Life of Terminal Cancer Patients
When cancer is terminal and cancer-directed therapy has no value, the goal of treatment is to improve the quality of life (QoL). The current work proposed to assess the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on QoL in patients with terminal cancer
How Nurse Education Impacts Her Career?
A great proportion of healthcare services need high-quality medication and nursery. For high-quality nursery needs best nurses and their
education. Gradually, different types of nursery education systems can impact their life and career. In the future, more parameters can be
used for judging the quality and promotion of nurses. This editorial addresses different educational efforts for their progresses in medical
knowledge promotion, technical capability improvement and salary promotion.
Sysmex UD-10 should Accompany UF-5000 in Managing Atypical Cells in Urine
Sysmex UF-4000/5000 uses fluorescence flow cytometry technology and hydrodynamic focusing for urine sediment analysis, where
particles are stained by specific fluorochromes for nucleic acids and surface structures and then sent through the semi-conductor
laser beam. Atypical cells show side fluorescence and scattered light properties indicating their enlarged nuclei and increased nucleus/
cytoplasm ratio
Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds in Patients with a Medical History of Cancer/Dysplasia
Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds (E-VOCs) have been associated with cancer and may help to early detection or
even identify pre-cancerous status.
Application of the Posterior Approach Technique in Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer
The aim of this study was to compare and determine the feasibility, surgical outcomes, intraoperative and postoperative
complications of the use of the posterior approach technique in the laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) to the conventional
laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in patients with cervical cancer.
Cranial Vault Tumor Revealing Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma
Distant metastases from follicular thyroid carcinoma are not uncommon, but bone localization in the cranial vault is extremely rare.
Although these metastases have a poor prognosis, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve quality of life. We report a
case of follicular thyroid carcinoma revealed by a metastasis of the cranial vault initially diagnosed as meningioma.
Editorial Board Members Related to cancer

ALFRED SZE-LOK CHENG
Associate Professor
School of Biomedical Sciences
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
China
School of Biomedical Sciences
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
China

Chong Lee
Associate Professor
School of Nutrition & Health Promotion
Arizona State University
United States
School of Nutrition & Health Promotion
Arizona State University
United States

JONG SUP PARK
Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital
Catholic University Medical College
Korea
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital
Catholic University Medical College
Korea

Massimo Dominici
Assistant Professor
Head Laboratory of Cell Biology and Advanced Cancer Therapies
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults
University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Italy
Head Laboratory of Cell Biology and Advanced Cancer Therapies
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults
University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Italy

Shi J. Liu
Professor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
United States
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
United States

MD Ibrahim El Said Ali El-Gamal
Assistant Professor
College of Pharmacy
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
University of Sharjah
UAE
College of Pharmacy
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
University of Sharjah
UAE

Dimitrios Kanakis
Associate Professor
Department of Pathology
University of Nicosia Medical School
Cyprus
Department of Pathology
University of Nicosia Medical School
Cyprus