Articles Related to genetic

Background and Purpose: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the multidrug-resistant pathogens, producing extendedspectrum beta-lactamase enzymes. Molecular typing of this pathogen can be useful for determining the source of dissemination and transfer of resistance and virulence genes of these isolates. Considering the significance of infection in children, in this study, we examined the stool flora of children (<10 years) to show the characteristics and clonal relationship of the isolates.

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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in > 36,361,054 infections and > 1,056,186 deaths worldwide. Using publicly available genome sequences of patient samples from different geographical regions, a study has been conducted to co-relate mutational frequency with disease transmission and fatality rate.

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Although common in the Mediterranean populations, β-thalassemia are present in various other parts of the world including south Asia and Africa. This study was aimed to re-evaluate the prevalence of β thalassemia, the specific underlying β globin gene mutations and their associated haplotypes in the Mauritanian population.

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Despite persistently high rates of obesity among American children and adults, the complex interplay between behavior, genetics and weight outcomes is not well understood.

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While the gap is widening between developed and developing countries in the field of classical animal genetics and breeding, genomic tools are becoming the method of choice in developed countries. The objectives of this study were to 1) demonstrate by a real case how the lack of suitable breeding strategies can be a major threat to autochthonous sheep breeds improvement and 2) show how genomic tools could be an efficient alternative tool to reverse the decrease of native breed productivity. A total of 54,476 fat tail Barabrine lambs from 77 flocks recorded during the period 2010-2014 were used in this study.

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Near East and North Africa have 90 percent of their territory classified as arid or semi-arid rangelands. Increasing importation of animals and animal products are still followed due to an increasing consumers’ demand and poor producing abilities of existing native breeds. The objectives of this paper were to: 1) underline major genetic constraints for improving native sheep breeds productivities under low input production systems, 2) identify main ingredients and pathways for sustainable sheep breeding strategies under low input production systems.

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The fungus kingdom encompasses an enormous diversity of taxa with varied ecologies, life cycle strategies, and morphologies ranging from unicellular aquatic chytrids to large mushrooms. Studying fungal diversity is vital if we want to shed light on terrestrial ecosystem functioning. However, there is still poor understanding of fungal diversity and variation given that fungi are highly diversified and that most of fungal species remain uncultured.

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The variability of morphological markers of the reproductive organs in seven natural populations and nine artificial plantations of the Scots pine of Ukrainian Polissya (Volyn, Rivne and Kyiv regions) was studied. The colour of cones, seeds, winged seeds, and the apophysis of the cones of the trees were used as morphological markers.

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The de-extinction of the dinosaur is a dubious possibility but its consideration brings forth some issues that are at least worthy of scientific discussion. In this review, we discuss two distinct issues that have implications for a de-extinct species such as a dinosaur: the ability, or lack thereof, to safely sedate a rare and potentially fractious animal capable of harming the veterinary staff tasked with its care; and, disease risks associated with a species that has been extinct for millions of years. To identify potential sedatives, comparative pharmacology will be needed to uncover the links between receptor pharmacology and the desired clinical outcomes of activating established alpha-2 adrenergic, opioid, and benzodiazepine receptors. Specific to disease control, it will be necessary to understand the unique susceptibility of the new species to current diseases as well as predicting their reservoir capacity for potential human and veterinary pandemic diseases. While the topics presented herein are not exhaustive, this review highlights some of the foremost research that should be conducted in order to serve the unique veterinary needs of a de-extinct species using the dinosaur as a paradigm. Addressing these issues should be considered if an intact dinosaur genome becomes available, regardless of the feasibility of dinosaur resurrection.

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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are potent regulators, controlling multiple biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, cell death, development and immune responses. With emerging data supporting that miRNAs play a central role in gene dysregulation in human malignancies, unraveling the miRNA genetic variations in cancer is essential and critical if we want to develop better diagnostic and prognostic system for our patients.

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Along with the rapid development of genetic engineering technology and antibody engineering technology, the humanized monoclonal antibody has been rapidly developed and gradually replaces the rat sourced monoclonal antibody. In this paper, we establish two new logarithmically completely monotonic functions involving the real-valued special functions according to two preferred interaction geometries, necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for one of them to be logarithmically completely monotonic. As a consequence, a sharp inequality involving the real-valued special functions is deduced to solve the problems of genetically engineered antibody.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly population. Aspirin usage has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of developing this disease. This study aims to determine whether the increased risk of AMD with chronic aspirin usage is related to genetic polymorphisms in the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) genes.

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Intrinsic noise embedded in stochastic gene regulation due to low copy number of species has been studied using the approach of theoretical modeling and computational simulation, including the standard methods of stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) and linear noise approximation (LNA). At average cell level, Hill functions are widely used as a compact format to represent gene regulation involving multi-transcription-factor binding and cooperativity. Heuristic SSA and LNA methods (hSSA and hLNA) have been applied to study stochastic models employing Hill functions. It is however unclear which modeling and simulation method is suitable to characterize intrinsic noise of Hill-type gene regulation with sufficient accuracy and computational efficiency. In this work, we perform noise analysis of two gene regulatory models represented by second-order activating and inhibitory Hill functions, seeking to evaluate the performance of five existing noise modeling methods.

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To date, Obesity is considered prime concern of public health with multi-dimensional factors engaged in metabolic discrepancy that is rooted from multifactorial causes (i.e., environmental intoxication or genetic abnormality), and the unmet landscape of health care system seeks for therapeutic or preventive measures. Compelling evidence support Omics as strategic tool of systemic biology is benefit to define wiring of molecular circuit in metabolic malfunction and evaluation of metabolic modulator such as synthetic drugs, stem cell replacement, and natural secondary metabolites from various resources.

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