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Poultry farming is widely recognized as a highly efficient technique of animal husbandry, contributing significantly to the nutritional security of a substantial portion of the global population. The application of contemporary intensive farming methods has facilitated a notable increase in global production, which has reached a substantial quantity of 137.8 million tons in the year 2021. This upward trajectory has been consistently observed over successive years. However, these aggressive growth tactics result in a substantial environmental impact. The appropriate management of waste items, such as poultry litter and manure, is crucial due to their potential to significantly impact both environmental and human health. The emissions of ammonia, nitrous oxide, and methane are associated with poultry production and the disposal of its waste by-products. These emissions have significant implications for global greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the well-being of both animals and humans

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Infertility is a serious concern affecting millions of couples globally. Natural conception is seen to be achieved in 80-85% couples leading 15 % couples suffer worldwide. Male factor is an important underlying cause associated with infertility. The debate that the ingredients’ of cigarette smoke negatively influence the masculinity attracts the scientific wit to look into the problem.

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Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of disorders that damage the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles of mastication. They are commonly associated with parafunctional habits and clinical symptoms, such as: headache, clicking, limitation of lateral movement, protrusion and mouth opening, discomfort in the TMJ region and vertigo. These conditions can be caused by a combination of various factors, including trauma, natural wear and tear, dental malocclusion, emotional stress, or musculoskeletal problems.

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: Obesity is a global epidemic with serious consequences for countries. Objective: This work aims to systematically review the available evidence on the relationship between basal metabolism (BM), body composition, and physical activity (PA) with central obesity. Methodology: The search strategy was carried out using Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO following the PRISMA guidelines. The STROBE checklist and the Jadad scale were also used for quality assessment.

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Nanocrystal technology has showed significant potential for commercial applications and advancements as a novel pharmacological method to increasing the water solubility of certain poorly soluble medicines. Nanotechnology is the most effective method for solving the solubility issues with medications in BCS classes II and IV. This article is primarily concerned with the methods of preparing nanocrystals by means of Precipitation Lyophilization Homogenization (PLH) Technology. In particular, emphasised combinative technology could improve particle size reduction. Technology, equipment, and medication physicochemical qualities affect particle size reduction success

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The transdermal drug delivery system is technique that provides drug through the intact skin. Skin penetration enhancement techniques have been developed to increase the bioavailability of drug substance. These review describes various transdermal patches available in market, types of patches, basic components, polymer used in formulation. The novel drug delivery method do well and complete with those already on the market the main problem that requires consideration include device design and safety, efficacy, ease of handling and economical. Transdermal drug delivery system represent the most attractive method among these because of its low rejection rate, magnificent, ease of administration and better convenience and compliance with patient. This review article provide an overview of transdermal drug delivery system contains various innovative dosage forms. In comparison transdermal patch are effective due to its easy to apply and non-invasive.

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Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor is an infrequent soft-tissue tumor characterized by a lesion located in the subcutaneous fascia without affecting the soft or deep muscle planes. Its incidence is unknown; therefore, it represents a diagnostic challenge for both the surgical oncologist and pathologist. Given its high risk of local recurrence, extensive surgical resection is the recommended treatment modality. This is the first report of this rare entity in Latin-America.

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has become a widely used technique for the rapid, accurate, durable, economical, and trustworthy method for identification of bacteria, mycobacteria and fungal pathogens in the microbiology laboratory.

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Levofloxacin, a broad-spectrum, third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is rarely reported to cause life-threatening adverse effects, such as severe hypoglycemia resulting in coma. We report a rare case of hypoglycemia in an elderly non- diabetic patient induced by levofloxacin. A 61-year-old male patient was admitted with severe hypoglycemia. His past medical history revealed treatment with levofloxacin for pneumonia.

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n recent years’ nanostructure materials (NSMs) have been of great interest as catalysts and other applications because of their unique textural and structural characteristics. Out of various biomaterials employed for NPs synthesis, plant extracts have attracted much attention due to their effectiveness, availability, and green characteristics. Due to the range of chemical constituents, currently, the incorporation of the Aloe chemical constituents into other substances makes the biosynthesis of NPs which are very necessary for the formation and applications ofAloe-based NPs

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Dental practice involves a risk of exposure to microorganisms causing many infectious diseases. The risk of contamination starts at the beginning of the prosthetic workflow through impressions. Various chemical disinfection protocols for dental impressions are reported in the literature.

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Cutting fluids are an inherent part of the modern manufacturing system. In the vegetable oil based cutting fluids, the base fluids should be some vegetable oil. In general, vegetable oil is highly attractive substitutes for petroleum based oils because they are environmentally friendly, renewable, less toxic and readily biodegradable. In this review paper, the author investigates some of the published research papers on the application of vegetable oil based machining fluids (including Nano-fluids) in the different machining processes like turning, milling, grinding and drilling. Besides that, this study also summarize the effect of the different biodegradable oil based machining fluids on the performance factors such as surface integrity, machining force, tool wear, power consumption, and temperature produced during the machining process. It has been reported in various literature that using vegetable oil based Nano machining fluid results high surface features, reduced tool wear, cutting force, power consumption and lower temperature rise in the machining process due to better lubrication and cooling properties.

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The any field of science they have many different techniques method for examine the substance. There have been several major advances in the use of Raman spectroscopy instruments. This method is now a full established method along with, infrared spectroscopy. The process ultimately led to its entry into the forensic science laboratory, and to simplify the process, this article introduces a comprehensive review of Raman spectroscopy; emphasizes how and why this less commonly used method can be a very useful tool for analysing a various evidence. The concepts and principle of Raman spectroscopy are described in two categories the first categories of this article which includes theory, instrumentation, and spectrum data obtained using infrared and Raman techniques for numerous analyse and the Second categories discusses forensic applications of Raman spectroscopy to examine various types of evidence and substance. In this article we study how to examine forensic evidences by using the Raman spectroscopy and make review report on it.

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Marine organisms, scientists, governmental and non-governmental organizations face a significant challenge as a result of the ubiquitousness of plastic and microplastics in the aquatic environment, particularly in Nigeria where there is little or no policy put in place to address the issue of microplastic pollution. Nigeria ranks ninth globally in terms of its contribution to ocean plastic pollution and currently does not have a federal ban on the majority of single-use plastics and equipment. This paper aimed to present the status of plastic pollution in Nigeria and some policies to curb the menace. Data analysis reveals that Bayesa, Katsina, Lagos, and Oyo are the four states that generate the majority of the plastic waste in Nigeria. The number of industries, markets, and urbanization in a location affect the quantity of plastic waste that is produced there and is not dependent on the population. This paper makes some policy suggestions and recommendations such as the federal prohibition and taxation on the use of plastic, ocean clean-up, technological innovation that will support the recycling industry in Nigeria, and the need for additional plastic research. Nigeria can apply the most recent plastic waste management strategies in European and Asian nations as a model and adopt them to reduce marine plastic pollution.

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We present rare case of medial meniscus dislocation, in a 25 years old female patient who was admitted in emergency department. With painful locked left knee. Arthroscopy was done next day showing isolated dislocation of medial meniscus with the absence of any medial meniscus tear. Only reduction of the medial meniscus was done. Postoprative MRI confirmed the diagnosis and showed no tears in the medial meniscus. Physiotherapy and clinical follow up were done with good results and no recurrence for 4 months postoperative.

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