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Articles Related to safety

Potential COVID-19 Therapeutics: A Perspective on Pharmacological Properties and Safety

There are no guidelines for pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 disease, but several drugs are being tested every day in search of an optimal therapeutic strategy. The drugs that have been tested, so far, include some antiviral drugs such as danoprevir, favipiravir, darunavir, nelfinavir, remdesivir, umifenovir and the combination lopinavir/ritonavir. Others are drugs targeting inflammatory mediators such as meplazumab, siltuximab, tocilizumab, azithromycin and corticosteroids. Also included in this array of tested drugs are those with pleiotropic actions against SARS-CoV-2 infection like chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide, postulated as inhibitors of several phases of virus life cycle. Upon diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is pertinent to embark on a treatment approach based on potential antiviral options, adequately managed under proper medical situation. We suggest that, in addition to the antiviral option efforts, drugs targeting inflammatory mediators should be considered.
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Artificial EMG by WLAN-Exposure

WLAN (wireless local area network) is used as an important worldwide communication-technique. By this, always there is an electromagnetic field exposure. In contrast to the ICNIRP-safety guidelines, whereby no bioeffect is possible by these low-energetic electromagnetic fields, we found artificial signals in the nervous system in dependence on WLAN- exposure.
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The Perception of Patient Safety Culture among Physicians at an Academic Tunisian Hospital

Patient safety has become a priority issue in health policy and healthcare management around the world. Assessing physician’s attitudes about issues relevant to patient safety is the first stage of developing a safety culture. This study aimed to measure patient safety culture among physicians in Abderrahman Mami hospital, Ariana, Tunisia.
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Safety Concerns of Glaucoma Chemotherapy among G6PD Deficient Glaucoma Patients: A Pilot Study

The aim of this study was to assess the potential acute adverse effects associated with the use of anti-glaucoma medications among glaucoma patients with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency.
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Knowledge Level of University Students on Food Additives and their Perceptions Regarding Food Safety

We aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding food additives among medical and engineering students.This cross-sectional descriptive study included students from Inonu University Medicine and Engineering Faculty. The sample size was calculated considering the prevalence rate of food additive knowledge as 22.3%, with a 95% confidence interval, 80% power and 918 individuals. A questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic characteristics of the students and their knowledge regarding food additives. Scores for knowledge regarding food additives were created; eight questions were posed to the students, and each known correct answer was given a score of 1. Pearson’s chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for data analysis.Mean age of the students was 21.74 ± 2.56 years, and 51.7% of them were males. Knowledge level regarding the definition of food additives was not different between genders (p > 0.05). Medical students had significantly higher knowledge levels (92.2%) about the definition of food additives compared to those of engineering students (80.4%) (p < 0.05). More males (52.8%) than females (49.3%) and more medical students (51.6%) than engineering students (50.7%) stated a significantly higher rate of daily consumption of processed foods containing additives (p < 0.05). The median scores of knowledge regarding food additives were not significantly different between gender and faculty (p > 0.05).The present study demonstrated that the rate of the participants who knew the definition of food additives as well as those who perceived food additives to be unsafe were high. Although the knowledge levels on FAs of the students were high in general, it was observed that the frequency of food consumed daily was high This suggests that further research and effective interventions are required to ensure that knowledge turns into behaviour.
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The Study of Microbiological Safety of Germinated Seeds of Broad Beans in the Process of their Production and Storage

The microbiological purity of the finished products based on bio-activated seed and grain requires special attention, as the level of moisture in bio-activated raw materials is 42-44%, which is a pleasant environment for the development of microorganisms. Therefore, the search for effective ways to increase the microbiological safety of sprouted raw materials and finished products on their basis is always actual.
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Tio2/Polymer Nanocomposites for Antibacterial Packaging Applications

Packaging material should meet many requirements for safe preservation of food and extend shelf life. Utilization of nanoparticles to prepare active packaging films has been widely investigated. This review deals with food packaging films modified with nano titania to enhance mechanical, barrier and antibacterial properties of the packages.
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Efficacy and Safety of Moxifloxacin-Enhanced versus Standard Sequential Eradication Therapy for Treating Helicobacter pylori Infection among Tobacco Smokers

The therapeutic failure rate of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is increasing due to bacterial resistance; tobacco smoking can increase such a rate even more. We explored the role of adding moxifloxacin to the standard sequential eradication therapy for Hp in decreasing the therapeutic failure rate among the tobacco smokers.
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The Efficacy and Safety of Prophylactic Fluconazole Prevent Invasive Fungal Infection in Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Infants: An Update Meta-analysis

We identified 8 eligible trials that enrolled 1392 infants. There was significant effect of prophylactic fluconazole on fungal colonization (RR, 0.31, 95%C1:-0.24 to 0.41; P<0.00001). Effect of prophylactic fluconazole on IFI in VLBW infants: RR: 0.42(95%CI 0.23 to 0.76; P=0.004.). However, prophylactic fluconazole did not reduce mortality in VLBW infants (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.01; P = 0.06). Studies did not report significant adverse reactions.
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Comparative Study for Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar Infliximab in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis on a stable Dose of Methotrexate

The present study evaluated the efficacy and safety of biosimilar infliximab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis on a stable dose of methotrexate. Subjects were assigned randomly to either study infliximab or reference infliximab product in an approved dose of 3 mg/kg as an intravenous infusion at week 0, followed by similar doses at Weeks 2, 6 and 14. Primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of subjects achieving ACR20 criteria at week 16 and secondary efficacy assessment included proportion of subjects achieving ACR20, ACR50 and ACR70 at week 16. In the open-label phase, all responders were followed till week 54. The non-responders entered a follow-up phase for immunogenicity and safety for an additional 3 months.
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Assessment of the Efficacy, Safety and Cost-Effectiveness of Micafungin Compared to Caspofungin and Low Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Candidaemia and Clinically Diagnosed Invasive Candidiasis: A Retrospective Audit

Despite several studies having highlighted that candidaemia and invasive fungal disease (IFD) are associated with high mortality and increased costs, there are currently few published studies which provide an insight into real-life practice of invasive candidal diseases. In a medium-sized district general hospital in the UK we sought to compare the efficacy, safety and treatment cost of micafungin versus caspofungin and low dose of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) 1mg/kg/day for the treatment of confirmed candidaemia or clinically diagnosed invasive fungal disease (CDIFD). In the present retrospective audit, a total of 126 patients with candidaemia or CDIFD were reviewed from hospital records and 94 were included in our audit.
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Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and the Young Ovary: Review of Safety Research Following Two Case Series of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

The quadrivalent virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus (QHPV) is a population vaccine targeting peri-pubertal girls and boys. Focus on evaluation of adolescent ovarian safety arises from cases in primary care and published case series describing the development of menstrual dysfunction and idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) following QHPV vaccination. A structured review of QHPV vaccine safety studies was performed to answer the question ‘has the ongoing ovarian safety of this vaccine in adolescents been assessed?’ The design, size, and process of pre-licensing safety trials in relation to their capacity to assess ovarian function were reviewed.
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Safety of Permethrin and Pyriproxyfen in Dogs Treated With VetGuard Plus®

Ectoparasites are a continuous problem in small companion animals, and veterinary personnel and pet owners are constantly exposed to transferable residues when handling dogs treated with topical ectoparasiticides.
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Dietary Diversity Score: A Measure of Nutritional Adequacy or an Indicator of Healthy Diet?

At the time when the lack of indicators seemed to constrain appropriate child feeding in developing countries, dietary diversity score (DDS) emerged as a measure of nutritional adequacy that could close the gap. DDS refers to the number of food groups consumed in a given time, often in 24 hrs.
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Health Food and Traditional Chinese Medicine in China

Like a drug for a purpose of treating or preventing a disease, a health food has to be scientifically evaluation and officially approved before it legally is marketed in China.
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Editorial Board Members Related to safety

JENN-FENG SHEEN

Assistant Professor
Department of Biotechnology
National Formosa University
Taiwan

YUNBO LI

Professor
Department of Pharmacology
Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine
United States

QINGSHENG WANG

Assistant Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering
Oklahoma State University
United States

A. Wallace Hayes

Toxicologist
Emory University
United States

MICHAEL L. GALLOWAY

Associate Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Boonshoft School of Medicine
Wright State University
United States

Carmen Cabrera Viique

Professor
Department of Nutrition
University of Granada
Spain

PATRICIA L. DALBY

Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesiology
University of Pittsburgh
United States

Pasquale Russo

Department of Science of Agriculture
Food and Environment
University of Foggia
Italy

LAUREN BERKOW

Associate Professor
Division of Neuroanesthesia
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
Johns Hopkins University
United States

Naim Deniz Ayaz

Professor
Department of Food Hygiene & Technology
Kirikkale University
Turkey
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