Recent Articles

Solid tumors are challenging to treat due to their heterogeneity, immunosuppressive microenvironments, and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy that may arise de novo or secondary to cytotoxic therapies. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are widely used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (HR+BC) and have a tolerable safety prole compared to conventional chemotherapy agents applied in this space.

Poultry salmonellosis is considered as one of the devastating disease aecting the poultry industry. Cross-sectional study was conducted in semi-intensive poultry farms at Hawassa city, with the objectives of isolation,identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of Salmonella.

Salivary calprotectin (CPL) is a marker of neutrophil-induced inflammation associated with periodontitis (PO). Inducible-nitric oxide (iNO) is a marker of eosinophilic inflammation. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a marker of antioxidative activity, vasodilatation and good diversity of gut microbiota.

Numerous technical scientific advances, especially regarding antiretroviral technologies (ART), have allowed the prognosis of those infected by the virus to transform from rapid and inevitable illness to a life expectancy similar to that of people living without the virus [1]. Continuous treatment prevents opportunistic infections in people already diagnosed and the appearance of new HIV infections, either by sexual, vertical, or horizontal transmission.

Traditional cervical cancer screening methods, such as the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear, were underutilized due to several barriers.

Adolescent obesity is a significant public health threat in Malaysia, with one in three adolescents classified as overweight or obese. However, there is limited research examining the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to healthy lifestyles among target population. This study aims to provide a baseline understanding of their knowledge gaps and to explore the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and KAP scores.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga as a therapeutic intervention for reducing anxi ety symptoms, improving comorbid depression and somatic complaints, and enhancing quality of life in adults with Gener alized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and CINAHL was conducted up to August 2025. The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251152980). Eligible studies included randomized controlled and clinical trials evaluating yoga inter ventions in adults diagnosed with GAD based on DSM criteria. Data extraction focused on intervention type, outcomes, and treatment effects. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools, and results were synthesized narratively due to heterogeneity

The technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy has been widely used in early endometrial cancer in recent years, and a large number of evidence-based medical studies have now supported the therapeutic efficacy of sentinel lymph node biopsy as an alternative to traditional systematic lymph node dissection.

Bovine Trypanosomiasis known as Gendi in Ethiopia, is one of the major diseases of livestock. The disease results in loss of livestock and agricultural productivity with severe socio-economic impacts. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of the community towards Bovine Trypanosomiasis in selected areas of Loka Abaya district, Sidama, Ethiopia. Descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview and information was collected on knowledge, attitudes, control and treatment practices associated with Bovine Try panosomiasis. The Results showed that all the respondents have knowledge of tsetse and Trypanosomiasis. They heard about the disease and tsetse fly in different ways, i.e., from the community, animal health workers and when their animal was sick. Majority (66.7 %) treat their animals with trypanocide when infected. They buy drug from local dispenser’s and treat and administer the drug themselves not by veterinary professionals. The study revealed that the respondents have con siderable knowledge about Bovine trypanosomiasis and tsetse, as important factors in disease control and treatment. However, the misuse and unsystematic use of some trypanocidal drugs by the community is reported to be one of the predisposing factors for the development of drug resistance which has become a menace in the control of the disease. Therefore, regulatory enforcement and thorough education on the use of drug and treatment should be considered by the veterinarians and other stakeholders

Abstract: Umbilical cord blood contains stem cells which are useful in chemotherapy, implantation; however, cord RBC is considered as a waste product. It is necessary to use the umbilical cord blood for neonatal blood transfusion to avoid diseases. Nowadays, nanoparticles are used in biomedical and pharmaceutical industry. Nanoparticles interact with blood via different routes. In addition, these nanoparticles used in biomedicine, drug delivery, bioimaging, and to increase the shelf life of RBC. Nevertheless, research of nanoparticle interaction with umbilical cord red blood cells is still . in the present study, interaction between umbilical cord blood-RBC and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles is studied. Methods: Umbilical cord rbc isolated from whole blood immediately r the collection using centrifuge. PBS r is used as a physiological media and washing reagent. interaction of isolated RBC (2% suspension) with t con centration of citrate stabilized gold nanoparticle were investigated using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Interfacial tension measurement technique. Results: UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to investigate the changes in Soret band and oxygenation bands (Q1 and Q2). Variation in absorption intensity is observed in umbilical cord RBC incubated citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles. However, there is no t shi in Soret band and Q1, Q2 band of cord-RBC with Au nanoparticles. In case of Raman spectros copy, enhancement in disulphide band region (526 cm-1 and 579 cm-1) and change in the spin state marker is investigated. While, interfacial tension decreases for 10 µl and increases for 100 µl and 200µl of 40 nM AuNP.

Diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body cannot properly use or store glucose. Glucose is a type of sugar that raises blood sugar levels if it accumulates in the blood. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin, or the body is unable to use the insulin produced properly. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that acts like a switch, allowing glucose to enter the body's cells from the bloodstream for energy. All carbohydrate foods are broken down into glucose in the body. The hormone insulin helps glucose enter the cells. Inability to produce insulin or to use it effectively leads to an increase in the level of glucose in the blood, which is called hyperglycemia. In the long term, high blood glucose levels are associated with damage to the body and failure of various organs and tissues [1, 2]

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that influences how children communicate, interact so cially, and manage everyday behaviors. Although every child on the spectrum shows a different mix of strengths and chal lenges, certain patterns tend to appear reduced social reciprocity, unusual sensory responses, and, quite often, delays in language or motor skills. These characteristics seem to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, along with autoimmune and perinatal influences. At present, ASD affects about 1 in 44 children [1] The broader spectrum still includes what were once separate diagnoses, such as Asperger’s syndrome, PDD-NOS, Rett syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative Di sorder [2]. Motor-related differences are frequently among the earliest signs. Children may have trouble with coordination or maintaining balance, and tasks that involve fine motor control can be more demanding than expected for their age (Bhat et al., 2011; Staples & Reid, 2010). Many also face challenges in imitation or praxis; copying a movement, judging spatial placement, or learning a new motor sequence may take more time or effort. Since these skills underpin everyday functioning and many social exchanges, such difficulties can limit both peer interaction and independence in daily life [3]. Added to this, sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal problems are common and can intensify emotional and behavioral challenges (Miano et al., 2007; Rao et al., 2008)

Background: HIV which targets the immune system leads to immunosuppression and thus the occurrence of several opportunistic diseases with tuberculosis being the rst and deadliest one. is leads to a high rate of co-infection and deaths worldwide. Despite the di erent diagnostic methods recommended by the WHO for the diagnosis of this co-infection state, possible errors in the individual diagnostic and lack of unique diagnostic methods of the co-infection state remain the principal causes of the high death rate worldwide. Facing this challenge, the research of novel speci c biomarkers for HIV Tuberculosis co-infection for this diagnosis remains urgent. e molecular basis for pathogen synergy that can be used to diagnose HIV-TB coinfection, however, is not clearly de ned. Researchers have directed this challenge on a Host-dependent area rather than a pathogen dependent route as usually done. is was orientated on RNAs constituent of the body also called Transcriptome. is study aimed at investigating Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA-p21 and Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT-1 and their target cytokines Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 mRNA respectively as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of HIV-Tuberculosis coinfection. e study was done over a period of 08 months subdivided into sample collection and analysis respectively at LAQUINTINIE Hospital and LANAVET DOUALA respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed on whole blood samples to detect the relative expression of LincRNA-p21, NEAT 1, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA in healthy controls, TB-positive patients, HIV-positive patients and HIV-Tuberculosis coinfected patients and ROC curve analysis was used to investigate their discriminatory and biomarker potentials.

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. [Cardus marianus (L.)] is an invasive plant indigenous to the Mediterranean region. It has many synonyms, varying according to geographical localities, such as St. Mary's thistle, Milk thistle, Blessed thistle, Holy thistle, and in Arabic countries, it`s known as Akub, Harshaarri, Shoakennassara, Shoakeddimen, Shoaksennari, and Shoak el-gamal. The plant is an edible herb, native to the Mediterranean area, grown throughout Europe and naturalised in North and South America, with a long history in folk medicine. Since ancient times, it has been identied for snake bites, amanita poisoning, and liver disorders. It has been intensively investigated from the chemical and biological points of view. The chemical investigation led to the isolation and identication of a series of dihydroanonolignans (thirteen compounds) collectively known as silymarin. A survey of the biological investigation has indicated that Silybum has antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inammatory, antihepatotoxic, hepatitis, immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, antiproliferative and anticancer (human prostate carcinoma, the ovarian cells carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma), antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic, diabetes mellitus, hyperprolactinemic (galactogenic), nephroprotective, neuroprotective, anti-amnesia, anti melasma, and antifungal effects.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation is a critical step in clinical nephrology and has important implications in clinical practice, but also in the field of epidemiology and prevention [1-4]. The measurement of GFR by a so-called reference tech nique remains fundamental but limited to specialized centers [1,5,6]. The definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is based, among other things, on the level of GFR and requires that it can be quickly and easily estimated [7]. In clinical practice, com monly used formulas

Introduction Temporary central venous catheter (CVC) for hemodialysis is frequently used in daily practice, given the relative ease of place ment on the one hand and the possibility of immediate use of this vascular approach. In fact, CVCs represent 7 to 39% of all vascular accesses in hemodialysis according to the authors [1, 2]. Several complications can arise after the installation of a CVC; Infection and thrombosis are the most common and are the leading cause of precipitous ablation of hemodialysis catheters [1-5]. In fact, 1 to 70% of hemodialysis catheters are complicated by a local or systemic infection requiring immediate catheter removal and more or less antibiotic therapy [1-7]. Since these infections can be serious and endanger the patient's life in 8 to 20% of cases [4, 6, 7] and that in some cases CVC is the only vascular approach available, prevention of these infections is essential andshould be an integral part of the catheter placement and handling procedures.

Science has to be understood in its broadest sense, as a method for comprehending all observable reality, and not merely as an instrument for acquiring specialized knowledge.

Abstract Background: Culture is effective in discourse analysis of spirituality. Cultural customs can destroy a secure attachment to God. Hemodialysis patients with insecure attachment to God due to fear and despair experience spiritual distress, which endangers their psychosocial health and creates the need for spiritual counseling. The aim of this study was investigation of the effect of strengthening secure attachment to God in spiritual counseling on spiritual health of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This randomized controlled trial with pre-post test, and control groups was performed in 2020 at the hemodialysis department of Kamkar Hospital in Qom for 110 patients. The Sound Heart Model–based spiritual counseling was performed in 12 sessions of 35 minutes for the intervention group. The spiritual health questionnaire was completed by both groups before and after the intervention. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean score between the two groups. The T-pair test was used to compare the change of each group. The significance level for all tests was 0.05. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24. Results: ere was no statistically signi cant di erence in spiritual health scores between the intervention (76.83±1.35) and control (73.43±1.41) groups, before intervention (P =0.08). A er intervention, a signi cant statistical di erence was ob served (P

Abstract Aim: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare condition in which a person's immune system attacks the peripheral nerve. The visual system can also be affected in GBS patients. The aim of present work is to look for visual pathway. disturbances in these patients using Visual evoked potential (VEP). Material and Methods: IO male patients (20 eyes) diagnosed as GBS in age range Of 25 to 56 years Were selected for the purpose Of pre- Sent Study. Visual evoked potential (VEP) using pattern type Of Stimulation Was tested in total patient group using Mangoni machine. Ihe results obtained was compared with 10 normal sex and age matched population following VEP test Results: There was not statistically significant differences as far as demographical finding was concerned between case and control groups. There was a Significant difference was observed in latency and amplitude Of VEPs PIOO Peak between Case and control groups (P