Recent Articles

By reporting a case series from a referral hospital we aimed to determine the treatment options and outcomes of one of the serious complications of the labour uterine atony refractory to the medical treatment. In this study, a total of 58 postpartum uterine atony cases refractory to uterotonic treatment and managed with intrauterine balloon tamponade, B-Lynch suture, internal iliac artery ligation or hysterectomy was a retrospectively analyzed. Initially, thirty two cases managed with intrauterine Bakri balloon tamponade and six B-Lynch compression sutures alone, in eight cases both procedures were done together. Eight cases managed with internal iliac artery ligation and four hysterectomies. Our success rate with intrauterine Bakri balloon tamponade, B-Lynch compression suture and internal iliac artery ligation were 84.4%, 83.3%, 75% respectively in stopping postpartum haemorrhage regarding uterine atony and the most successfull rate was obtained with the Bakri balloon tamponade in the combination with B-Lynch compression suture 87.5%. The median estimated blood loss was 2018ml, intraoperative median hemoglobin was 5.8 mg/dl and the median amount of blood transfused was five units, the median volume infused into balloon was 285ml; balloon was in place for a median duration of 36 hours. In 6 cases Bakri balloon tamponade with or without B-Lynch compression sutures failed to stop haemorrhage and hysterectomy required. In two patients Asherman’s syndrome and infertility, in two patients’ amenore were developed and uterine prolapse was observed in 2 patients, one of which was uterine necrosis. No maternal mortality was observed.

Purpose: To evaluate the neurobiochemical role(s) of low molecular weight (LMWA) antioxidants in the treatment of surgically- induced ischemic stroke (IS) in wistar rats.Methods: Ischemic stroke was induced in wistar rats using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Neurological assessments were carried out using stair case, cylinder test and modified neurological severity score (mnss) methods. Low molecular weight antioxidants (vitamins C, E, α-lipoic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide and mannitol) were orally administered to the rats for two weeks in three different doses (22.5, 45 and 67.5 mg/kg).

Varicose veins next to the testicles and the ovaries are associated with oxidative stress, which can change the phenotype of germinating glands, provoking abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This creates an interference that can express itself in the form of gene mutations in patients with cancer and venous thrombosis. In this study, we made it our goal to evaluate the prevalence of ovarian varicose veins and varicocele in patients with cancer and venous thrombosis and to further investigate this association. In order to achieve this objective, 54 patients with cancer and 98 patients in the control group diagnosed with venous thrombosis were included in this study. All of these patients were examined through ultrasound with vascular Doppler as a means to investigate varicocele in men and ovarian varicose veins in women. Out of a total of 14,800 patients, 152 with cancer and venous thrombosis were selected (1.02%). The group with cancer presented a significantly (p = 0.0029) higher proportion of varicose veins (96.3%) next to the germinating glands than the group with venous thrombosis (84.7%).

It has been reported that a large percentage of men and women had experiences of sexual abuse during childhood the effects of which are determined by factors such as age, gender, characteristics of the experience, and cultural aspects, among others. In Mexico, only a limited number of sexual abuse cases are reported to the relevant authorities and even fewer receive adequate care and treatment. This article presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of an individualized cognitive-behavioral treatment involving a group psychoeducational workshop and a workshop for caregivers of two Mexican male children who had experienced sexual abuse. Clinical and cognitive evaluations, pre- and post-test treatment, and follow-up one-and-a-half years later were made. Differences between the two participants were found in all three evaluation periods. Various factors associated with these results are discussed.

Cocaine has acute and chronic effects on health as well as addiction and dependence and places a significant burden on healthcare systems. After cannabis, it is the most frequently used illicit drug worldwide. It is estimated that between 14 and 21 million people use the drug each year [1]. Its main adverse effects occur in the cardiovascular system. Cocaine causes sympathomimetic actions such as tachycardia, hypertension and coronary artery constriction due to enhancement of release of catecholamines. It enhances thrombus formation by activating platelets and potentiating thromboxane production [2]. The consequences of these effects include chest pain, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, coronary artery aneurysm, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias. Our case demonstrates a young patient who had a delayed presentation of a myocardial infarction, in the setting of recent cocaine use that was complicated by an apical thrombus which resulted in distal emboli to his superior mesenteric artery and left renal artery. It highlights the fact that in a young patient with no other risk factors how complications may arise, even weeks after cocaine use.

Endothelial heterogeneity reflects many functions performed by endothelial cells (ECs) in various tissues. However, the origin of this heterogeneity is unclear. Here, we report that tissue-specific ECs in lungs, brain, and liver co-expressed the lineage markers of their coordinating tissue-specific cells at very early stages. Specifically, we found that the pulmonary EC population was significantly suppressed after pulmonary epithelial-specific (Nkx2.1-Cre mediated) deletion of fetal liver kinase-1 (Flk1). Together, the results suggest that tissues-specific ECs may originate from the same progenitor cells as tissue-specific cells.

A 36-year-old woman pregnant, G2 P1, presented at 27 weeks of gestation after two previous visits elsewhere, as an outpatient in a gynecological clinic. An ultrasound examination revealed bilateral hydronephrosis. Also, ureteral dilation and bladder overdistension was present (Figure 1, 2 and 3). We evaluated that the cause was a urinary tract obstruction. Specifically, we are dealing with posterior urethral valves. The anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis on a transverse view of the abdomen was 6 mm. The amniotic fluid index (AFI) was 3 cm, so, oligohydramnios. Fetal Biometry responds to the 27th week of gestation. The sex of the fetus was male. Following identification of urinary tract dilation, a detailed anatomic scan was performed to exclude the presence of associated extra-renal anomalies

Targeting mutant proteins and associated signaling pathways of driver oncogenes by small molecule kinase inhibitors (KIs) are a promising strategy of cancer therapy. However, despite the initial success of treatment, KIs often become ineffective as intrinsic and acquired resistance. This article reviews the English-language literature to explore the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance and to present a challenge for developing drugs to overcome resistance. Mechanisms of acquired resistance include 1) the selection of pre-existing subclones with other mutations, 2) the emergence of secondary mutations in the target kinase domain, 3) upregulation of kinases both within the same kinase family and their related kinase families, as well as activation of alternative bypass pathways, 4) epithelial-mesenchymal transition, 5) overexpression of pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins and 6) drug efflux mechanisms. Currently available methods are to obtain tumor biopsy samples at recurrence or progression if the tumor lesion is accessible to a biopsy and to use the second- and third-generation KIs based on the individual need of each patient. Furthermore, recent computational challenges provide design principles to prevent the development of drug resistance. In conclusion, we provide an overview of the postulated resistance mechanisms and highlight the future direction of computational structure-based design of new potent KIs.

In the present study, fourteen heavy elements (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Pb) accumulation in sediment, water and Enochrus spp. species organs (total body) were evaluated. For this purpose, water, sediment and Enochrus spp. were collected from nine wetland sites in Erzurum province (Turkey).

Colpodella species are free-living alveolates that possess an apical complex used for attaching to eukaryotic prey protists for ingestion of the cytoplasmic contents of the prey. Colpodella sp. are the closest relatives of the Apicomplexa, a phylum that includes the important human pathogens Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum. In this study, we investigated morphological characteristics of Colpodella (ATCC 50594) in a diprotist culture containing Bodo caudatus as prey in order to identify features differentiating both protists. The level of apical complex protein conservation among free living alveolate relatives of apicomplexans and intracellular apicomplexan pathogens is unknown. Antibodies against proteins of the apical complex in Colpodella sp. are currently unavailable. We performed staining and immunological characterization of Colpodella in a diprotist culture containing B. caudatus to aid routine differentiation of predator and prey in culture. Staining revealed distinguishing morphological features of both protists. The kinetoplast in B.caudatus was identified using Giemsa staining and was used to differentiate B. caudatus from Colpodella sp. trophozoites.

A survey was designed to determine the human-cat relationship, myths/superstition and its consequences on cat ownership in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Close ended structured questionnaires were administered to 200 households randomly selected from four wards in Maiduguri. The response rate was 98.0%. Out of the 200 households, 196 (98.0%) participated, while 4 (2.0%) did not. Of the 196 households that took part in the survey, 168 (84.0%) owned cats while 28 (14.0%) did not. A total of 310 cats were owned by the 168 participating households. Elderly women owned 55.5% of the cats, while children and young ladies owned 35.0% and 3.5% respectively. Only 1 cat was neutered, while the remaining 309 (99.7%) were intact. The cats were kept for the purpose of companionship and rodent control. All the cats were of non-specific breed and had never been vaccinated against any specific disease(s). Some cat owners in Maiduguri believed in myths/superstitions associated with the domestic house cat. However, it was concluded that households in Maiduguri viewed keeping cats positively but did not provide the expected housing, feeding and medications as practiced in more advanced countries.

This article presents a human terrain analysis of the Islamic radicalization occurring in Latin America and the infiltration of the Al-Qaeda terrorist network into the country of Brazil. The study used sociological investigative research methods conducted in Brazil, extensive ethnographic interviews collected in the major Brazilian cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and intensive Brazilian Portuguese language immersion. The ethnographic research techniques examined the social, political, religious, and linguistic structures to gain an understanding of how Al-Qaeda operatives have established an operational base in Brazil. The study provides an early warning sociological intelligence assessment of the threat of radical Islam in Latin America.

9060IntroductionObjective: Interventions promoting optimal breastfeeding could prevent 13%, while those promoting optimal complementary feeding could prevent another 6%, of deaths in countries with high mortality rates. This study determined the influence of father’s participation in promoting infant feeding on nutritional status and morbidity patterns in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County.

Gherkin, a pure botanical extract from cucumber is a phytonutrient rich vegetable which may have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties. The purpose of this randomized double-blind placebo study was to determine the effects of Gherkin (Cuvitus™, Actido®)on exercise performance, markers of inflammation and acute muscle soreness in healthy males.

A 21 day-old boy infant was admitted to pediatric intensive care unit with hypotonia, jaundice and abdominal distention. He was born at 37th week of gestation from first cousin Saudi parents via cesarian section with a birth weight of 2200 g. Physical examination revealed the weight, the length was and the head circumference were

Facial nerve paralysis may occur along the natural progression of an untreated vestibular schwannoma, as a surgical complication following vestibular schwannoma resection, or as a late sequela of stereotactic radiation. However, facial paralysis occurring as a subacute complication of CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) stereotactic radiation has not previously been reported. A 47-year-old male presented with a right vestibular schwannoma measuring 3.1 cm in greatest dimension with House-Brackmann grade I/VI facial function and American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery class a hearing. After deferring surgery, he elected to undergo CyberKnife stereotactic radiation to a total dose of 18 Gy in three stages.

We present a case of a woman with a history of Arthritis currently without directed therapy with controlled disease that occasionally presents joint pains. The patient presented a picture of but at least 2 years of appearance of skin lesions in upper limbs erythema of oval form, with dark background on the anterior aspect of the right wrist (Figure 1 and 2). Which disappears after 5 days without any targeted therapy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments and cement materials on the bonding between dentine and restorative materials. In this study, 135 extracted third human molars, three different restorative materials (Cr-Co alloys, composite and zirconia) were used. Acid etching and sandblasting were used the surface of materials and one group was identified to control group. After the surface treatments, restorative materials were bonded to dentine with three cement materials (self-adhesive resin cement, conventional resin cement and glass ionomer cement). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was applied by using a universal testing machine. The statistically analysis of obtained data were performed with use n-way analysis of variance test.The result of n-way analysis of variance test showed that there were statically significant differences either surface treatments or luting cements on the bonding dentine to restorative materials (p=0.001). The results showed that the lowest shear bond value (3.24±3.62 N) was identified in control group of zirconia materials bonded to dentine with glass ionomer cement. The highest shear bond value (94.66±68.36 N) was identified in acid etched composite materials bonded to dentine with conventional resin cement.