Articles Related to disorders

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a generic term encompassing a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders. The aim of our study was to assess the evolution of knowledge and current practices of Senegalese dentists regarding temporomandibular disorders, and to measure any disparities in diagnostic and treatment methods.

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Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of disorders that damage the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles of mastication. They are commonly associated with parafunctional habits and clinical symptoms, such as: headache, clicking, limitation of lateral movement, protrusion and mouth opening, discomfort in the TMJ region and vertigo. These conditions can be caused by a combination of various factors, including trauma, natural wear and tear, dental malocclusion, emotional stress, or musculoskeletal problems.

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Using longitudinal data that tracks bulimic behavior among young girls (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study), we examine (1) whether the persistence in bulimia nervosa (BN) can be attributed to slow learning about the deleterious health effects of BN or if it reflects tolerance formed from an addiction; and 2) whether bulimic behavior is consistent with addiction criteria as stated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV. To address the endogeneity of past behavior, we use instrumental variables, and show that past BN positively and significantly impacts current BN after controlling for individual heterogeneity. When accounting for BN ”stock,” the parameter estimates of past behavior are not negative, which casts doubt on the importance of learning. Making the case for treating BN as an addiction has important policy implications. First, it suggests that the timing of educational policy and treatment is crucial: preventive educational programs aimed at instructing girls about the deleterious health effects of BN, as well as treatment interventions, will be most effective if provided in the early stages. Second, it would put those exhibiting BN on more equal footing (from a treatment reimbursement perspective) with individuals with drug or alcohol addictions.

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We report 2 cases of severe injuries in patients with sleep disorders. The first patient sustained multiple orthopedic traumas as sequelae of REM sleep behavior disorders (RBD). The second patient sustained a severe TBI as a result of restless legs syndrome (RLS). To our knowledge, there are only 2 reported cases of severe orthopedic traumas (cervical spine fractures) as a result of RBD and no reported cases of severe TBI from RLS.

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To explore the disorders in the hematological index among normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive patients and help detect the predictive and preventive factors of hypertension-related complications. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2018 on a total of 3000 study participants classified as hypertensive (HTN, blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg), prehypertensive (PHTN, blood pressure =120-139/80-89 mmHg), and normotensive (NTN, blood pressure <120/80 mmHg) with 1000 participants in each group. Cross tabulation and Chi-square tests were used for categorical variables. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare the difference between groups.

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COVID-19 period was characterized by lockdown and quarantine, the aim of this cross-sectional analytical study is to investigate the effect of COVID-19 quarantine on social media use, and its association with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among university students.

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Giant cell arteritis (GCA) requires prompt diagnosis as clinical indicators of GCA are non-specific. Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) can be inconclusive and difficult to arrange timely. MR imaging is accurate for showing vessel thickening. However, the availability of MRI remains an issue in many radiology departments.

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The mental health as field of action for the physiotherapists is an important challenge that implies formation and investigation. The alterations of the mental health on a global scale are nowadays a problem of public health that it makes necessary that the professionals of the area of the health have a deeper knowledge on the topic to act of way adapted from the prevention and intervention.

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A 62-years-old female patient with a diagnosis of conversion disorder and somatization disorder and a 20-years-old female patient with a diagnosis of conversion disorder were treated on electroconvulsive therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy was performed in 8 sessions with anaesthesia. 62-years-old patient began to recover after the sixth session of electroconvulsive therapy once every two days. Complete remission in catatonic symptoms also sustained during follow-up. The catatonic symptoms of the 20-years-old patient were completely terminated after the second session of the ECT once every two days. The treatments were completed in 8 sessions.

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Although dental implants have been a successful option for replacement of lost dentition for nearly five decades, their use in the medical and dental treatment plan is still in its youth. Literature on the medical implications of dental implants is surprisingly sparse, with a need for organization. This review is an attempt to begin the process of documenting the science behind this complex, yet critical topic.

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Severe prematurity at birth is an indicator of additional attention for the multidisciplinary team, since the newborn in this condition did not have the opportunity to develop organic systems under ideal conditions (intrauterine). Several factors may induce premature birth, malformation of organs or metabolic disruptions, however, additional attention has been given to inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and deficiency/excess of key nutrients.

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Hepatic dysfunction is rarely the presenting feature of malignancy, however it is important to recognize early on as the quick institution of chemotherapy could potentially reverse the liver disease.

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Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is an entity that is caused by circulatory insufficiency which affects the proximal portion of the optic nerve. NAION is characterized by the following triad: abrupt and painless loss of vision, optic disc smelling and nerve fiber bundle defects in the visual field of the affected eye.

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Total production of Pb acid batteries in India is about 8 million per year and nearly 10,000 Kg of Pb is consumed in the production of batteries.

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Despite a number of instruments designed for the assessment of dangerousness, standardized outcome measures for forensic psychiatric patients are lacking, especially in other languages than English.

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