Articles Related to neonates

Neonates with severe hyperbilirubinaemia are at increased risk for neurological morbidity. Risk factors for early onset hyperbilirubinaemia include prematurity, red cell haemolysis and birth trauma. As most neonates are asymptomatic and clinical evaluation in detecting early jaundice limited, clinical practice guidelines at the Royal Women’s Hospital recommend a serum bilirubin (SBR) level in the first 24 hours following birth for neonates <35 weeks’ gestation. Our audit aims to describe the utility of SBR screening in this population

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Preterm birth is one of the most common causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, the mortality and morbidity are very high in extremely preterm infants born before 28 completed weeks of gestation or those with extremely low birth weight for gestational age (<1000 g). One of the major causes for such a high morbidity and mortality in such infants is respiratory insufficiency, due to poor lung maturity. To overcome these problems and to reduce overall burden of morbidity and mortality associated with immature pulmonary development in preterm neonates, the concept of “artificial placenta” came into picture, which is basically a pump less lung assisted device connected to umbilical vessels that helps in gaseous exchange in neonates with severe respiratory insufficiency.

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ILCOR now recommends delayed cord clamping of at least 30 seconds in term and preterm neonates. Due to insufficient evidence they provide no specific advice about the neonate that requires resuscitation.

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in febrile children younger than 3 months, with reported rates ranging from 5% to 20% depending on different series. Neonates and infants up to age 2 months who have pyelonephritis usually do not have symptoms localized to the urinary tract.

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