Recent Articles

e article shows that the Gibbs energy (free energy) is not energy and that work is done due to the heat of the environ ment, not the Gibbs energy. e change in Gibbs energy at constant values of temperature and pressure in most cases was explained by the performance of work due to Gibbs energy. Gibbs energy has the dimension of energy and this forces many to believe that Gibbs energy is energy. However, work is actually performed due to the heat of the environ ment in an amount equal to the change in Gibbs energy. If , then the process can be used for another process. A decrease in at constant values of and leads the system to equilibrium when .

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) , a prevalent and severe chronic complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of chronic kid ney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The pathophysiology of DKD is multifactorial, involving dysregulated glycolipid metabolism, hemodynamic abnormalities, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) overactivation, inflam mation, autophagy impairment, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic/epigenetic dysregulation. Emerg ing evidence highlights inflammation as a central driver of DKD progression

Liver cirrhosis remains a major health issue globally. Serum magnesium y is common among liver cirrhosis pa tients, but there are very limited large-scale studies on it. Our study aimed to investigate the serum magnesium level of cir rhotic patients and determine the distribution of serum magnesium y in t etiologies among liver cirrhosis patients, in Hangzhou, China.

Sjogren’s disease is a chronic autoimmune disease with a wide range of symptoms. A patient can first experience symptoms from dry eyes or dry mouth to eventually progressing to more severe symptoms that can affect several organs in the body. Hair loss can be one of the symptoms that physicians might see as less severe but can have a negative impact on a person’s quality of life.

We report a 44 year old male patient with recurrent attacks of hypoglycemia (RBS 40-50 mg/dL), neuroglycopenic symp toms, and weight loss, prompting evaluation for causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

The win ratio is an estimate of the treatment effect used in situations where composite endpoints are employed and where the events that make up the composite endpoint can be prioritized. We study the win ratio in the context of oncology trials with the events of progression and death. We then propose two new measures related to the win ratio, called the continuous win ratio and continuous win difference

Ultrasound is a critical tool in prenatal care, yet various challenges and barriers can affect its effectiveness. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesize these challenges to inform future research and practice.The primary objective of this review is to address the challenges associated with ultrasound use during pregnancy, focusing on both ma ternal and fetal outcomes. The review seeks to highlight areas needing further investigation and improvement in ultrasound practices.

Advancements in human knowledge across various scientific fields, including medical sciences such as vaccination, lifestyle, health, medical procedures, pharmacology, and up-to-date screening programs, have contributed to an increase in life expectan cy. However, longevity is associated with multiple non-communicable diseases, such as osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and cognitive impairment that affect the elderly [1]

The advent of sustainable aquaculture demands a serious need for eco-friendly technology. This is what green technology seek to offer as regards different areas of aquaculture which include: fish nutrition, fish diseases management, water quality management and pollution control, ecotoxicology, and fish breeding

This prospective clinical study assessed the effectiveness of the Kuhnke method in reducing limb volume in patients with Stage I and II lymphedema following instrumental lymphatic drainage therapy. Conducted at the Instrumental Therapy Center of Pirogov Medical University, Moscow, the study involved 54 patients treated under a standardized protocol. Re sults demonstrated significant limb volume reduction, particularly in Stage I patients, supporting the use of the Kuhnke method as an adjunctive therapy for early-stage lymphedema. Additionally, the study evaluated potential correlations be tween age, gender, and BMI to further understand the therapy’s efficacy

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted global tourism, causing an unprecedented decline in international travel due to restrictions, safety concerns, and economic uncertainty. Government in most countries imposed border closures, quarantine mandates, and flight suspensions in compliance with lockdowns and restricted movement measures to curb the spread of the virus. While the literature demonstrates substantial empirical evidence that reports the effect of the pandemic on the tourism sector, the impact on travel decisions post-pandemic has not been well documented.

Simple hygiene behaviour such as washing hands is key to improving health of individuals and reducing community trans mission of communicable diseases such as respiratory and enteric infections. Consistent and relentless messaging by global and local health authorities had resulted in heightened hygiene awareness amongst the public during the COVID-19 pan demic. Unfortunately, many of the hygiene behaviours practiced during the pandemic have proven to be unsustainable in the immediate period following the pandemic

Background: Hyperglycemia is a common condition that is treated in the emergency department (ED). Hyperglycemia is of ten treated with intravenous fluids and insulin. Current guidelines recommend obtaining potassium levels prior to the initia tion of insulin therapy. This often delays insulin therapy for several hours.

Background: Drug resistance poses a challenge in managing microbial infections, highlighting the urgency to develop nov el, e ective antimicrobials. e natural environment is a proven source of novel antimicrobial agents. is study explored unique and exploitable antimicrobial-producing bacteria from the extreme habitat of Lake Magadi

We study nanoscale phase separation in iron-pnictides and its relation to doping and electronic 4 degeneracies across the tetragonal-orthorhombic and uncollapsed to the collapsed tetragonal 5 phases. The structural implications of these transitions are probed using the optical phonon 6 spectrum. We notice a previously less-acknowledged coexistence of two phases on small length 7 scales and at ambient conditions

In a study conducted across clinics and hospitals in St. Louis during COVID-19, healthcare workers (HCWs) perceived lan guage/communication barriers with language diverse patients (LDPs) at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and this chal lenge did not improve over time [1]. In an attempt to continue to address health disparities, the present study uses a subset of data and takes a closer look at demographic factors within the group of HCWs in order to examine whether HCWs’ lin guistic characteristics (being monolingual or multilingual) matter in perceived communication with all patients and cally with LDPs, and it y examines strategies and techniques used in oral discussions [1]. Overall, vealed no reported s re s between multilingual and monolingual HCWs in perceived language barriers, with both groups agreeing that these challenges did exist.

Introduction: Orthodontic forced eruption (OFE) is a non-surgical technique. It helps manage subgingival defects by repo sitioning the tooth coronally. This case report shows how OFE was used with CAD-CAM zirconia restoration for a deep carious lesion in a 40-year-old male patient.

Combining low-dose CT lung cancer screening (LCS) with smoking cessation has emerged as a next‐generation interven tion to reduce the human and societal burdens of lung cancer. is study reviews the evidence supporting both strate gies—individually and in combination—acknowledging that not all real-world smoking cessation interventions can be seam lessly integrated with LCS. While linking these strategies might enhance their respective primary endpoints, it is essential to ensure their integration does not inadvertently interfere with their individual outcomes. We present results of a survey on current best practices in the EU27 and propose key areas for further research. ese insights provide a foundation for future EU Commission-funded projects.

The anti-inflammatory activity of three samples of Indomethacin (IND-S1, IND-S2, IND-F) was evaluated in two models of acute inflammation (systemic and topical) and in the model of chronic inflammation. The three sample was solubilized in Tween 80:H2 O 1:9, was tested at 20 mg/kg and was administered by intragastric route. In first evaluation, the sample IN D-S1 at 20 mg/kg showed 57.09% inhibition on carrageenan-Induced plantar edema model. The evaluation at this same dose of Indomethacin from 3 different samples (IND-S1, IND-S2, IND-F) showed a variation in the % inhibition with 34.61, 30.13 and 32.69%, respectively. On the other hand; topical anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in the TPA mod el acute in female Balb/C mice. IND-S1 showed an ED50 = 1.31 mg/ear and at a dose of 2 mg/ear showed 56.41% of inhibi tion. IND-S1, IND-S2 and IND-F at a dose of 2 mg/ear were more active with 87.39, 90.13 and 75.87%, respectively. In the chronic model of ear edema-TPA, when the IND-S1 was administered by i.g. route at 10 mg/kg, it showed high mortality (10/10), however at dose of 8 mg/kg, IND-S1 showed a 60.63% inhibition of ear edema, but in this assay 4/10 mice head. In same assay (TPA) but the IND was administered by topic route at repeated dose of 2 and 1 mg/ear, it cuased the death of all animals and at dose of 0.5 mg/ear caused about 50% of animals deaths

Tuberculosis is a worldwide health problem and is one of the 10 causes of death caused by a single infectious agent. It main ly affects the economically active population. Currently, there are multidrug-resistant and extended-resistance strains that are difficult to treat. In addition, several factors such as AIDS/HIV, diabetes, cancer and/or arthritis contribute to its persis tence, despite having first- and second-line drugs for its treatment. For this reason, it is necessary to contribute to find or search a new treatment alternatives and medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds to be considered.