Articles Related to computed tomography
Analysis of Referral Patterns to a Dento-Maxillofacial Radiologist from Dental Practitioners
Intra-oral radiography is ubiquitous in dentistry and practitioners are increasingly using extra-oral radiography in everyday practice. Practitioners may encounter findings on radiographs that they are unfamiliar with and are unsure of the clinical significance. This retrospective study aimed to ascertain the radiographic presentations which were more likely to prompt these clinicians to seek an opinion from a Dento-maxillofacial radiologist (DMFR) and the most common pathologies referred.
Evaluation of the Mandibular Incisive Canal by Panoramic Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
This study was conducted to investigate the complete anatomy of the interforaminal area of the mandible. For the correct acknowledgement of the anatomical structures in this region is necessary, since it is especially important for planning implants. The CBCT and PAN images of 200 patients, taken for general dental diagnoses, were examined with regard to the mandibular
incisive canal. The panoramic images were obtained using radiographic equipment Toshiba Corporation, J. Morita Mfg. Corp., Kyoto, Japan, while the cone-beam computed tomography dental imaging system GALILEOS, Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany was operated.
Displaced Fracture of the Proximal Humerus Causing Axillary Artery Injury and Brachial Plexus Palsy
Proximal humeral fractures account for approximately 5% of fractures seen in the emergency department. Despite this relatively high incidence only 15% of these fractures are displaced with an even smaller proportion being severely displaced enough to cause an axillary artery injury. We report a case of an elderly female patient who slipped and fell at home. She presented to our unit complaining of left shoulder pain and an inability to feel or move the involved limb. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of a severely displaced fracture of the proximal humerus and occlusion of the axillary artery. She was taken for open reduction and internal fixation of the proximal humerus followed by immediate axillary artery endovascular stenting.
Use of Cranial Computed Tomography in Minor Head Trauma Cases Under Two Years of Age
Patients under two years of age who were admitted Emergency Department (ED) within three months due to MHT and who underwent cranial CT scan were included in the study. Trauma mechanisms, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, symptoms (crying/unrest, vomiting, to refuse eating, drowsiness, loss of consciousness) and clinical signs (hyperemia/ecchymosis, abrasion, skin laceration, cephalohematoma, fontanel bulging) were retrospectively screened.
Wilkie’s Syndrome in an Adolescent: A Rare Etiology of Upper Intestinal Obstruction
Wilkie’s Syndrome (WS) was described in 1927 and its physiopathology is related to the formation of an abnormal acute aortomesenteric angle measuring between 7o and 22o. It leads to digestive symptoms due to external compression of mesentery artery against the third portion of duodenum. This is a case of WS in a young, tall and slim male patient. Three months before, he began postprandial vomiting, abdominal pain, hyporexia and weight loss. The diagnostis was made by an upper gastrointestinal series with barium contrast and confirmed by Laparotomy. Duodenojejunostomy is a well-known technique and it was successfully performed in this case.
Case Report: Are We Prepared to Manage Acute Abdomen in the Super-Obese Patient?
A 55 year-old man with signs and symptoms of severe sepsis was admitted to the emergency department. He is severely obese with a BMI of 80 Kg/ m2 and a medical history of hypertension and arrhythmia. The abdominal pain was non-specific and the physical examination was impaired by obesity. Ultrasonography (US) was ineffective and no computed tomography (CT) scan was available for a patient of his weight. The acute abdomen presented an inflammatory etiology. The patient underwent laparoscopy and severe cholecystitis was diagnosed and treated. The patient recovered well, and remained for 36h in the intensive care unit and 5 days in the surgical ward.
Rupture of a Giant Caesarean Scar Endometriosis Nodule - A Case Report and Literature Review
Abdominal wall endometriosis is a rare condition occurring after caesarean section. A small painful nodule or lump near post caesarean scar is the common presentation. Large size endometrial nodules in anterior abdominal wall are uncommon and bleeding is very rare complication. In a thirty two years female a giant size endometrial nodule developed in a post caesarean scar. This patient presented as emergency during menstruation because of pain and lump with bluish discolouration. This case is reported for post caesarean scar large size endometriosis with extravasation of blood in surrounding anterior abdominal wall. This giant size endometriosis in anterior abdominal wall involving rectus abdominis muscle was successfully excised with a margin. The residual large size defect was repaired using polypropylene mesh.
Osteo-Articular Complications in a Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease Population - Imaging Value
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most frequent of a group of conditions known as haemoglobinopathies. The disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, characterized by abnormal haemoglobin (Hemoglobin S) that under certain conditions polymerizes resulting in microvascular occlusions. This pictorial review illustrates the osteo-articular manifestations associated with sickle-cell disease encountered in children in our institution with at least one Haematology appointment in 2013/2014. Osteo-articular manifestations with imaging findings were reported in 28 out of 97 patients. The most frequent complications and those that required hospital care were painful vaso-occlusive crisis and femoral head osteomyelitis.
Late Cerebellar Vermis Metastasis of Breast Cancer Presenting as Pseudo-Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common peripheral vestibular disease; however intracranial lesions can mimic it. Intractable, not self-limiting paroxysmal positional vertigo sustained by intracranial tumors is called malignant paroxysmal positional vertigo (MPPV) while, when radiological imaging shows vascular cerebellar vermis lesions and there are atypical findings on the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, we speak about pseudo-benign paroxysmal type (pseudo-BPPV).
Radiation Awareness amongst Junior Doctors
Recent literature has suggested that junior doctors’ knowledge of ionising radiation is inadequate. Advances in technology and availability have led to of these investigations being readily requested. Exposure is associated with adverse risks especially malignancy; therefore in accordance with the Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposures) Regulation (IR(ME)R), clinicians should be aware of radiation doses and their legal responsibility as referrers.
Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Transforming into Small Cell Carcinoma: An Extreme Rarity
Primary small cell lung cancer (SCLC) showing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is extremely rare. Transformation into SCLC has been reported as an evolution of lung adenocarcinoma acquiring resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and is considered to be a rare resistance mechanism of EGFR-TKI therapy.
Intramural Abscesses: A Sequela of Infective Endocarditis in a Patient with HIV
Infective Endocarditis (IE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with in-hospital mortality having been reported as ranging from 19-26%. Commonly documented complications of IE include valvular and chordae destruction and resultant regurgitations, embolic events, peri-valvular abscesses, fistulae, and congestive heart failure.
Inguinal Lymph Node Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Site: A Case Report
Carcinoma of unknown primary site (CUP) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies associated with dismal prognosis. Although majority
of the patients present with disseminated disease, some of them do present with disease limited to the lymph nodes.
Septic Shock Secondary to Salmonella Enterica Ssp. Arizonae in an Immunocompetent Albanian Male
Salmonella-associated diarrhea is a common cause of community-acquired gastroenteritis. Some species of salmonella are associated with invasive diseases like meningitis, endocarditis and septicemia.
A New Approach to Identify Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a known gastrointestinal disorder that has been well documented but is difficult to diagnose noninvasively.
Editorial Board Members Related to computed tomography
Madhu K. Nair
Professor
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences
College of Dentistry
University of Florida
United States
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences
College of Dentistry
University of Florida
United States
