Articles Related to kidney

Urinary stone is the presence of one or more stony concretes located at any level of a segment of the urinary tract. It is a worldwide problem that can affect all groups of ages and the prevalence has been increasing over time. Urolithiasis affects about 12% of the world population at some stage in their lifetime. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of urinary stone among adult patients attending in Tigray hospitals, Ethiopia.

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Alport Syndrome is a hereditary condition that affects the collagen in the basement membrane and is characterized by microscopic hematuria, sensorineural hearing loss, increasing renal dysfunction, and ocular abnormalities. It is more common between the ages of 20 and 30. Men and women are equally affected. However, the prognosis of men is worse than women due to renal failure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographic and clinical findings of patients with Alport Syndrome in our center

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Dengue is a prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe. Dengue clinical manifestations include asymptomatic infections; undifferentiated fever; dengue fever, which is characterized by fever, headache, retro orbital pain, myalgia, and arthralgia; and a severe form of the disease denominated dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, characterized by hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding tendency. However, atypical manifestations, such as liver, central nervous system, and cardiac involvement, have been increasingly reported called expanded dengue syndrome. The renal complications of dengue virus infection cover a wide spectrum of manifestations from acute kidney injury to glomerular injury with nephritic/nephrotic syndrome. Majority of cases remain symptom free and show full recovery. We report a 55 years old lady with atypical and rare presentation of dengue disease marked by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Condition improved after initial 5 days pulse methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone therapy and mycophenolate mofetil. The main mechanism of dengue glomerulonephritis is still unknown though both direct viral infection and immune mediated damage have been suggested to be the cause. To avoid otherwise preventable morbidity and mortality, physicians should have a high index of suspicion for renal complications in patients with dengue illness and should manage this accordingly

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The choice of induction immunosuppression can affect several outcomes after kidney transplant (KTx). We aimed to evaluate infectious and malignant complications between alemtuzumab and basiliximab in elderly KTx recipients. Patients ≥ 65 years old who received alemtuzumab or basiliximab induction for their primary KTx from 2006 – 2018 were included.

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The aim of this study was to measure the treatment efficiency of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) patients by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), as a novel method with an output minimizing model. Urinary stone disease is a frequent problem with increasing prevalence in recent years. Depending on the location and size, the treatment of renal stone 2 cm or more is surgical and PNL. In this context, a retrospective study in which 154 patients with kidney stones over 2 cm was conducted.

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This retrospective study was conducted at the Physical Examination Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University, China. The 5594 healthy individuals were included based on strict predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria from 8821 participants who received health examinations between January 2019 and April 2019. H. pylori infection was detected using a commercial carbon-14 urea breath test. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationships of biomarkers of early kidney dysfunction with H. pylori infection, after adjusting for age, sex, and metabolic factors.

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Kidney injury has been observed broadly in severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, but the impairment of renal function in ordinary cases has rarely reported. We conducted this study to explore whether patients in ordinary condition suffered from kidney injury during the course of COVID-19 and to find out a proper indicator for detecting kidney injury in COVID-19 patients.

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There was significant evidence to suggest that exercise improves physical function, symptom burden, and quality of life in predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, most CKD patients cannot adherence to minimum recommended levels of exercise.

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We report the case of 27 years old, female patient suffering from CKD (Stage 4) on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Dietary intervention was tailored for her using her past medical history and dietary intake. The dietary interventions were planned in 4 steps for 12 weeks that included nutritionally adequate food intake, Increase frequency of meals, modification & improvement in food preparation techniques, provision of educational material related to diet in dialysis.

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We report a unique case of a male recipient who received a zero mismatch kidney with mild anatomical anomalies from his sister. This right kidney was malrotated, had an extra renal pelvis with moderately dilated ureter up to the iliac artery bifurcation. Immediate graft function was achieved on reperfusion, and the recipient was discharged on day 7 with a serum creatinine (SC) of 1.8mg/dl. The DJ stent was removed after 6 weeks, with a rapid increase in SC to 3.5mg/dl, and ultrasound showed mild hydronephrosis with delayed excretion on nuclear imaging. Mechanical obstruction was excluded by retrograde pyelography, and a 5F DJ stent was placed across the ureterovesical anastomosis with an immediate decrease in SC. The case is presented in detail and discussed in the light of the current literature.

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To evaluate the incidence and durability of compensatory hypertrophy with solitary kidneys in the setting of those with multicystic dysplastic kidney or Wilms tumor status post nephrectomy. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and Wilms tumor (WT). MCDK patients were verified by sonographic findings prenatally. WT patients entered our study at time of nephrectomy. We compared the natural history of hypertrophy between the two cohorts via renal length measurement. We performed linear regression to predict creatinine clearance from renal length after adjusting for age and cohort status (MCDK v. WT).

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Late recourse to nephrology consultation remains a topical issue which concerns both developed and developing countries such that a majority of the patients are seen to be at an advanced stage of chronic kidney diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical and paraclinical profile of patients referred for primary nephrological consultation.

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A 21 day-old boy infant was admitted to pediatric intensive care unit with hypotonia, jaundice and abdominal distention. He was born at 37th week of gestation from first cousin Saudi parents via cesarian section with a birth weight of 2200 g. Physical examination revealed the weight, the length was and the head circumference were <3rd percentile. Dysmorphic features included flattened nasal bridge, high arched palate, lax skin and micrognathia. There were generalized hypotonia, hepatomegaly, abdominal distention and multiple contractures such as radial deviation of the wrist joint (Figure 1).

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This study was conducted to investigate the immunohistochemical localization of ghrelin and IGF-I in the liver and kidney tissues in melatonin-treated rats. Rats were divided into three groups as a control, a sham and a treatment groups. While the treatment group received melatonin (10 mg/kg i.p.) for 3 weeks, only ethanol and saline solution were administered to the sham group. The control group received nothing.

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The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is growing rapidly around the world, particularly in Asia. Over the last two decades Sri Lanka has experienced an epidemic of CKD, especially in the “Mahaweli” river basin in North Central region of the island that was not attributable to conventional risk factors - hence widely termed “CKD-unknown”.

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