Annex Publishers

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) , a prevalent and severe chronic complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of chronic kid ney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The pathophysiology of DKD is multifactorial, involving dysregulated glycolipid metabolism, hemodynamic abnormalities, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) overactivation, inflam mation, autophagy impairment, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic/epigenetic dysregulation. Emerg ing evidence highlights inflammation as a central driver of DKD progression

Liver cirrhosis remains a major health issue globally. Serum magnesium y is common among liver cirrhosis pa tients, but there are very limited large-scale studies on it. Our study aimed to investigate the serum magnesium level of cir rhotic patients and determine the distribution of serum magnesium y in t etiologies among liver cirrhosis patients, in Hangzhou, China.

Sjogren’s disease is a chronic autoimmune disease with a wide range of symptoms. A patient can first experience symptoms from dry eyes or dry mouth to eventually progressing to more severe symptoms that can affect several organs in the body. Hair loss can be one of the symptoms that physicians might see as less severe but can have a negative impact on a person’s quality of life.

We report a 44 year old male patient with recurrent attacks of hypoglycemia (RBS 40-50 mg/dL), neuroglycopenic symp toms, and weight loss, prompting evaluation for causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) , a prevalent and severe chronic complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of chronic kid ney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The pathophysiology of DKD is multifactorial, involving dysregulated glycolipid metabolism, hemodynamic abnormalities, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) overactivation, inflam mation, autophagy impairment, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic/epigenetic dysregulation. Emerg ing evidence highlights inflammation as a central driver of DKD progression

Liver cirrhosis remains a major health issue globally. Serum magnesium y is common among liver cirrhosis pa tients, but there are very limited large-scale studies on it. Our study aimed to investigate the serum magnesium level of cir rhotic patients and determine the distribution of serum magnesium y in t etiologies among liver cirrhosis patients, in Hangzhou, China.

Sjogren’s disease is a chronic autoimmune disease with a wide range of symptoms. A patient can first experience symptoms from dry eyes or dry mouth to eventually progressing to more severe symptoms that can affect several organs in the body. Hair loss can be one of the symptoms that physicians might see as less severe but can have a negative impact on a person’s quality of life.

We report a 44 year old male patient with recurrent attacks of hypoglycemia (RBS 40-50 mg/dL), neuroglycopenic symp toms, and weight loss, prompting evaluation for causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.