Articles Related to Proteins

Candida albicans is an opportunistic agent that can produce systemic infections in immunosuppressed patients. By varying its cell wall antigens this fungus can evade the immunological response by varying its cell wall antigens. On the other hand, Larrea divaricata Cav. (Jarilla) is a widely spread plant in America and it is used in folk medicine to treat several pathologies. It has been shown that antibodies against Jarilla proteins of crude extract (JPCE) cross-react with proteins of other microorganisms such as Gram-negative bacteria.

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In 2016 a very powerful AI (artificial intelligence) tool has been established for predicting sumoylation sites in proteins, one of the most important post modifications in proteins [1].

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Immunodepletion of high-abundant proteins (HAPs) aids in the identification and analysis of low-abundant proteins (LAPs) in complex samples. Currently, immunodepletion methods for bovine samples are very limited whereas greater availability exists for human and murine animal samples. In this study, we report the simultaneous depletion of HAPs from bovine samples using an immunoaffinity depletion cartridge (the multiple affinity removal system, MARS) designed to target six human HAPs, while such a depletion kit for bovine samples is not available.

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Bronchial-Asthma, Adhatoda-vasica, In-Silico, IL- 13, IL- 4

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The absence of membranous organelles makes the study of the membrane proteins of human erythrocytes the ideal biological model to understand the structure and function of these molecules in eukaryotic cells, fact that also makes them a model for the development of new proteomic methodologies.

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The pathogenesis and immune response to a chronic viral infection is multifaceted especially for HIV infection. The effect of HIV on the systemic immunoenvironment of the infected individual is profound and triggered by multiple stimuli. While replication competent viral infection induces a large spectrum of immune responses, such as cytokine release, we focused on what happens when cells are exposed to replication incompetent virions and their components.

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Treatment of Hepatitis B infection is available with the help of existing drugs but the eradication of HBV infection is still under the pipeline. The application of novel drugs and gene-based therapies for HBV infection in need of the hour, however, the lack of efficient cell culture system, animal models for viral infection and replication acts as a major obstacle for novel therapies. This not only hampers the progress of HBV research but also stress the need for effective forthcoming therapeutics for Hepatitis B infection. Proteomic studies to understand the protein ubiquitination and to find molecular markers are the effective tools to study the HBV infection, pathogenesis and its control.

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The properties of several fruits still remain unevaluated, with regard to being the source of antioxidant compounds, one of such fruits being atemoya. In this study, three parts (seed, pulp, and peel) of atemoya were submitted to extraction. Five water volume ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, and 1:10) were used in relation to the same material mass rendered, thus, five extracts from each part.

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ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are the largest and most ancient family of transmembrane proteins with representatives in all phyla from prokaryotes to humans. Systematic searches were performed using PSI-Blast program on NCBI to identify sorghum ABC transporters. The identified proteins were subjected to phylogenetic and domain topology analyses and were classified and named according to the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) system of classification and unified plant nomenclatural system. As part of the survey, the subcellular location, the presence of signal peptide and physicochemical parameters were determined.

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β-lactam antibiotics represented the oldest class of antibiotics used in the treatment of infections in a human being, livestock, and aquaculture. Drugs residues in the edible tissues or foodstuffs of animal pose a potential threat to human health. At present, extensive antibiotic-resistant strains are now being detected and the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of epidemic and zoonotic pathogens is a major concern. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the extent of β-lactam antibiotics-HSA/BSA conjugations via three conjugation methods by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector. We wish that the technique will be applied to preliminarily detect the residues of β-lactam antibiotics may persist in edible tissues or foodstuffs in the livestock and aquaculture farms in clinical.

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Colpodella species are free-living alveolates that possess an apical complex used for attaching to eukaryotic prey protists for ingestion of the cytoplasmic contents of the prey. Colpodella sp. are the closest relatives of the Apicomplexa, a phylum that includes the important human pathogens Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum. In this study, we investigated morphological characteristics of Colpodella (ATCC 50594) in a diprotist culture containing Bodo caudatus as prey in order to identify features differentiating both protists. The level of apical complex protein conservation among free living alveolate relatives of apicomplexans and intracellular apicomplexan pathogens is unknown. Antibodies against proteins of the apical complex in Colpodella sp. are currently unavailable. We performed staining and immunological characterization of Colpodella in a diprotist culture containing B. caudatus to aid routine differentiation of predator and prey in culture. Staining revealed distinguishing morphological features of both protists. The kinetoplast in B.caudatus was identified using Giemsa staining and was used to differentiate B. caudatus from Colpodella sp. trophozoites.

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France, Greece, Italy, and Spain the major sheep and goat milk producers in Europe, got the initiative through an interim of 30 years (1985 – 2015), to organize - through IDF - 7 symposiums aiming at the upgrade of the Dairy Sector. One major interest was the milk quality. Stepwise, the efforts followed cow milk structural development in organizing the testing laboratory, the definition of quality in composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids), in Hygienic (Total Bacteria Count, Somatic Cell Count, antibiotics residues and Aflatoxin M1 contamination), adulteration with water and detection of milk species. EU, by Decision 2002/657/EC, defined the rules for the Directive 96/23/EC, enumerated the testing methods, the demands in sampling procedures, the minimum limits of performance, the quality control (ISO 17025) and the interpretation of results. The equivalency of results from different laboratories, through ISO 17025, demanded the application of ISO analytical standards.

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The objectives of this study was to investigate the acid-base balance, blood gases, hematobiochemical profiles and the inflammation biomarkers fibrinogen, serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) in the mammary and jugular veins of goats with mastitis. Blood samples were collected from the jugular and mammary veins from 26 goats with mastitis and from 10 healthy lactating goats. In diseased goats, the affected quarter had a remarkable degree of swelling, hard and sore to touch; the milk was bloody. In the jugular vein of diseased goats, the values of PCO2, PO2, base excess (BE), HCO3 and TCO2 were significantly lower than in the jugular vein of controls.

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PLIN2 belongs to one member of PAT (Perilipin, Adipophilin and Tip47) family, which plays an important role in regulating lipid storage and could be regarded as a candidate gene for intramuscular fat deposition in pigs. This study tried to clone the coding domain sequence (CDS) of PLIN2 gene, compare the nucleotide acids and deduced amino acids sequence, physiological characteristics, structure and the expression level between Wujin (fatty breed) and Landrace (lean breed) pigs. The results showed that the mutation of nucleotide acids led to the mutation of deduced amino acids between two pig breeds.

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Polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophil leukocytes are cells of innate immunity recognized in a peripheral blood smear because of their particular multilobed nucleus. Ring shaped nucleous are typical in rats and mice, being described in some pathologies in humans as well as in healthy subjects.

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