Articles Related to cystic

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by genetic mutations encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) is a CFTR modulator shown to improve lung function in certain patients with CF. We undertook this study to determine its effects on glycemic outcomes in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). We reviewed the medical records and identified two subjects, referred to as subject A and subject B, with CFRD on insulin therapy at Duke University Hospital between 2019-2020 who were on treatment with ELX/TEZ/IVA for at least one year. The mean hgbA1C pre- and post- treatment was 5.65% (5.6-5.7) and 5.05% (5.0-5.1) respectively with a mean reduction of 0.6% (p value 0.01). Improvement in hgbA1C occurred in the absence of increased insulin requirements, subject B remained on a similar insulin regimen whereas subject A was able to come off insulin completely. In addition, improvements in BMI z-score were seen in both groups with a mean BMI z-score of -0.30 pre-treatment (-0.71-0.11) and z-score of +0.28 post-treatment (0.11-0.45).

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Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare epithelial neoplasm, that may affect the salivary glands. It comprises 30% of epithelial minor salivary gland tumors. We present the case of a 56-year-old non-smoking woman with no significant medical history. The MRI finds a lesional process involving the right hemi mandible, the right buccal floor, which extends towards the region of the masticators and infiltrates the submandibular gland. A bone biopsy of the mandible under general anesthesia was performed, showing an adenoid cystic carcinoma. After announcing the diagnosis to the patient, she refused any treatment

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Weight loss is an efficient therapy for obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Here we evaluate the effect of dietary weight reduction on clinical performance in obese PCOS patients. Medical records of fifty obese PCOS patients (age 27 ± 5 years) who had calorie-controlled dietary intervention were reviewed. The patients had a 1200-kcal/day diet until ovulation or for up to three months. Changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, menstruation, acne, and hirsutusm, serum levels of endocrine hormones and adipocytokines, glucolipid metabolism index and insulin resistance were assessed. Menstrual cycle, ovulation andrelapse in the following six months were also reviewed. All patients had menstrual disorder, 43 had acne, and 26 were hirsute. After weight loss, the BMI decreased from 27.89 ± 3.06 to 25.70 ± 2.42 kg/m2 (p < 0.001). Acne and hirsutusm was improved in 39 and 14 patients, respectively. Regular menstruation was restored in 26 patients and lasted for 3.12 months on average. Endocrine hormones levels, adipocytokines levels, glucolipid metabolism and insulin resistance were shifted toward balance. Weight relapse was seen in 11 patients. No side effects occurred. Dietary intervention in obese PCOS patients can improve relevant clinical problems but weight relapse is an issue

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Hydatid disease is an important emerging neglected disease worldwide, with significant geographic variation in seroprevalance. The disease is commonly diagnosed on basis of clinical suspicion, imaging and serology. This study was conducted to evaluate our experience with serology in diagnosing hydatid disease in terms of identifying the numbers of patients testing positive for antibodies against Echinococcus, and to study their clinical profile.

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To evaluate the incidence and durability of compensatory hypertrophy with solitary kidneys in the setting of those with multicystic dysplastic kidney or Wilms tumor status post nephrectomy. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and Wilms tumor (WT). MCDK patients were verified by sonographic findings prenatally. WT patients entered our study at time of nephrectomy. We compared the natural history of hypertrophy between the two cohorts via renal length measurement. We performed linear regression to predict creatinine clearance from renal length after adjusting for age and cohort status (MCDK v. WT).

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Infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is a strong contributor to respiratory failure and associated mortality. Bacteria colonizing a cystic fibrosis lung commonly form biofilms that greatly contribute to increased antibiotic resistance and hypermutability. Antimicrobial treatment in these cases can be either through the use of a single agent (monotherapy) or through a combination of agents (combination therapy).

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Hydatid disease of the pancreas is a rare condition, with an incidence of less than 1%. Establishing diagnosis may be difficult because clinical and imaging findings are similar to other more commonly encountered cystic lesions of the pancreas. We present a case of isolated Hydatid cyst in the tail of pancreas which masquerading as the mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas.

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Cystic lymphangioma is a benign tumor of dysembryological origin. It is a rare disease; its annual incidence is estimated at 1 /20,000 in children and 1 / 100,000 in adults [1]. Its abdominal localization is rarer, with 2% of cases of cystic lymphangiomas; but the cystic lymphangioma of the mesentery remains the most frequent variety of this abdominal topography [2]. Through this observation and a review of the literature, we recall the epidemiological and evolutionary aspects of this pathology.

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The occurrence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) at a national level or in large regional areas is an issue difficult to determine in a cost-effective way, integrating both human and animal data, and thus leading to effective control measures. In Portugal, the abattoirs in north Douro region receive a large percentage of heads of cattle from the whole country which makes them ideal places for the implementation of a surveillance system for this zoonosis. Data was obtained for cattle slaughtered in 9 abattoirs in north region of Douro River, with visible CE-like cysts at meat inspection. An excel database was constructed with the records of condemned viscera due to hydatid cysts in cattle for 2008, 2009, 2010, and the first half of 2011. Most of the cysts were found in the lungs and livers (23.5%), only in livers (21.5%) or only in lungs (18.1%). Individual information concerning each animal contributed to the depiction of a distribution map by regions of the occurrence of positive cases in Portugal. From the 149 cases registered, it was possible to identify the place of infection in 93 cases (62.4%), in which the rate of distribution was 21 (22.6%) in the north, 14 (15.1%) in the center, 57 (61.3%) in Alentejo and 1 case (1.1%) in Algarve. This distribution of cases coincides with the location of human and animal cases reported before, with special focus on the Alentejo and in the northeast of the country.

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Routine intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) helps to confirm biliary anatomy and reduce bile leaks. It also allows identification of common bile duct stones intraoperatively which in selected patients can be cleared transcystically in the same procedure which is much less morbid than through post-operative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Despite this, some surgeons only selectively perform IOC or forgot it all together.

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Thoracic ultrasonography has been used to evaluate pulmonary parenchyma and the macrocystis of the lung in a preterm with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation type I. The images gained have been important for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies in our case. An infant was prematurely born with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation type I. The chest X-ray and computerized tomography showed a great opaque area in the entire right lung, we considered performing a pneumonectomy. This opaque area hampered the expansion of left lung. After draining the macrocystis by ultrasonography-guided puncture, it was possible considering and performing the lobectomy due to the reduction of the volume of macrocystis. During follow up at 4 months, the infant did not show complications and the chest X-ray revealed the reduction of volume of the dense area in parenchyma of right lung.

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A 12 years old child presented to a tertiary hospital in India with weakness and poor growth of the left side of the body since birth (Figure 1).

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Congenitalcervical anomalies are important to consider in the differential of head and neck masses in children and adults. These lesions can present as palpable cystic masses, infected masses, draining sinuses, or fistulae.

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A 13 year old, premenarchal, previously healthy girl presented to the emergency department of our hospital with complaints of vomiting, constipation and abdominal pain for past one day. The patient also complained of slowly increasing abdominal distension and mild abdominal discomfort since past four months.

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A study of the history of the dermoid cyst of the ovary suggests that the old masters were only conversant with large tumors. The relatively smaller dermoid cyst with its typical greasy matter and hairs only came into recognition during the second half of the 19th century. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to document how the medical masters of yester years became acquainted with this distinct disease.

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