Recent Articles

Synovial cysts are well known in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and most common around joints. Multiple extra-articular syn ovial cysts in the patients who has no rheumatoid joint arthritis involvement are rare. Early diagnosis is crucial for manage ments of the patients

Objective: We aim to investigate the association between socioeconomic determinants, the costs of care, and the Health-Re lated Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients and their caregivers

This study explored the effects of subtle scents of 1,8-cineole and (-)-bornyl acetate on mood, cognition, and behavior in healthy individuals and elderly residents of nursing homes. Three experiments were conducted involving short- and longterm exposure to these scents to assess mood, memory, and task completion

Compared to traditional heat exchangers, primary surface heat exchangers are characterized by their compact structure, light weight, small size, and high heat transfer efficiency, making them widely applicable in military, aerospace, transporta tion, and civilian sectors. This review first examines the structure of primary surface heat exchangers, summarizing the re sults of numerical simulations that compare the impact of different structural parameters on heat transfer performance, as well as the optimization design of primary surface heat exchangers. Subsequently, it reviews the research progress on pri mary surface heat exchangers, focusing primarily on the structure of corrugated plates. Different corrugated plate structures affect the heat transfer performance of primary surface heat exchangers in various ways. Finally, it reviews the specific appli cation scenarios of primary surface heat exchangers and provides a summary and outlook on the development of primary surface heat exchangers.

Chlorophyllum molybdites is one of the most common causes of mushroom poisoning worldwide. The majority of cases are from consumption of misidentified mushrooms while foraging. To date, there have been no reported cases of mushroom poisoning in Singapore

Background: In dermatological and pharmaceutical research ex vivo mouse skins are frequently used in topical drug deliv ery studies and analysis of skin diseases. One part of the experiments reported is carried out in hairless mouse skins, such as SKH1 nude mice, while others prefer the widely validated C57BL/6J hairy mice. However, in-depth characterization of the dermal barrier under healthy conditions has not been performed yet. In the current study tissue morphology, chemical com position, transepidermal water loss, and drug permeability were measured and compared at di erent anatomical regions in C57BL/6J and SKH1 mice

This study seeks to assess the sanitation and hygiene operational protocols, some of which will constitute risk factors to oc cupational hazards as a result of poor compliance levels in some veterinary clinics and hospitals around Ibadan. A cross sec tional survey was carried out using 57-item pre-tested and well-structured checklist in 26 veterinary clinics and hospitals that were purposively sampled. The checklist was scored thus; 0-49% = Non-existent to poor and 50-100% = good to very good. For any veterinary clinic or hospital to be scored as having complied with any item, such a clinic or hospital must have scored ≥ 50%. All scores were analyzed using descriptive statistical program in percentage. The identified risk factors that can predispose to occupational hazards were poorly complied with, among which are viz., equipment in veterinary clin ics and hospitals are improvised (31%), sterilization of aprons, clothing, bandages (38%), others are quarantine of animals brought to the clinics (15%), monitoring of the state of health of operators (0%), immunization of operators and support staff (15%) and report of zoonotic diseases due to clinical activities (8%). Others include hand washing utensils at the en trance (31%), compartmentalization of the building (38%), disinfection of equipment (42%) and location of water sources (46%). it was observed that all the items scored and not in compliance with laid down standards constitutes a risk factors which will eventually precipitate occupational hazards, and the predisposing risk factors to occupational hazards are more in the veterinary clinics than hospitals in Ibadan. We hereby recommend that the sanitation and hygiene operational proto cols of running the veterinary clinics and hospital should be enforced and periodically reviewed. It is compulsory to develop risk assessment plans.

This report presents a case of vitreous and subretinal hemorrhage without identifiable risk factors, aside from the potential impact of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) on retinal health. Emphasizing the need to consider non-interventional manage ment. The Eye C Tester app was designed with a patient-focused approach to simplify follow-up and continuous monitor ing. The app utilizes the smartphone’s front camera, employing technology to ensure tests are conducted consistently at standardized distances and appropriate ambient lighting. This guarantees reliability to the various available tests in the app, including visual acuity testing, Amsler grid, contrast sensitivity, and color vision testing. A 24-year-old female presented with a one-week history of headaches and central scotoma in her right eye.

Sexting, broadly defined as the creation, transmission, and receipt of self-generated sexually explicit content via mobile tech nology and social networks, has become increasingly prevalent. However, concern arises regarding its rising occurrence and impact among youth. While some suggest that sexting may offer a safer and potentially healthier means for youth to explore their sexuality, others argue that it cannot substitute for authentic interpersonal intimacy and may entail significant risks. Empirical evidence indicates that sexting may be more detrimental than beneficial for youth development, particularly for vulnerable groups such as girls, LGBTQIA+ individuals, and ethnic minorities, who appear to face disproportionately elevat ed risk of experiencing severe psychological consequences. Behavioral issues are more common among youth who partici pated in sexting, although current literature does not consistently demonstrate significant causal associations. Additionally, youth sexters can face serious legal ramifications, including punishments ranging from a sexual education program to ar rests and registration as a sexual offender.

: Objective: Assess whether antiviral therapy (valaciclovir and/or Coriolus versicolor) may limit such transformations. Methods: All relevant data were collected about patients presenting with MGUS, followed from at least 5 years and treated of multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis or lymphoproliferative disorders.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the basic genetic knowledge of medical school students and their self-report ed knowledge about some genetic defects-diseases and genetic counseling. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected through an online survey. The questionnaire was sent to preclinical and clinical students in semesters 1-6, and 328 students answered the questionnaire. Results: Of the total 328 students, 59.5% were female and 40.5% were male. The mean age was 21.42±1.99 years and 57.6% of the students were in pre-clinical and 42.4% were in clinical classes. Students in pre-clinical classes reported less knowl edge of basic genetics, genetic defects, and diseases when compared with the students in clinical classes (p

During gestation, oxidative stress occurs physiologically and stressors such as endocrine alterations, maternal age, genetic problems, exposure to ethanol and malnutrition can contribute to this oxidative stress changing from physiological to non- physiological, impairing gestation, fetal development and re ecting on the adult life of the o spring. e objective of this study was to evaluate the direct e ects on sows and indirect e ects on o spring a er adulthood of chronic exposure to ethanol and malnutrition while still in utero. e sows were divided into four groups: Control Group (C), ethanol (E), mal nutrition (M) and ethanol and malnutrition (EM). Data were collected from the sows as soon as pregnancy was con rmed and from the o spring from birth to the 60th day of life. e weight, food and water intake were evaluated in the sows and the weight, ferric reducing antioxidant power and FOX assays in the o spring. Maternal body weight showed a reduction in group D from the 14th day of gestation. Group E decreased food intake from the rst week of gestation and remained so un til the end of the protocols. Regarding the hydration of the mother, groups E and EM showed decreased water intake from the rst week of gestation and remained so until birth. Regarding the weight of the o spring, the measurement was per formed on the 7th, 21st, 30th, 50th and 60th days of life, showing statistical di erence in all groups when compared with each other or with group C until adulthood. Group EM showed a signi cant increase in FOX concentration compared to group M. Regarding the ethanol ingested by the mother, even in situations of malnutrition, during gestation it is capable of meeting the maternal and fetal energy demand in the short term. erefore, it is in adulthood that there is greater produc tion of peroxide lipids.

The study evaluated the proximate composition of soybean (Glycine max), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and Prosopis (Pro sopis juliflora) pod meal-based bee diets. The three major ingredients were selected deliberately due to their availability and cost. Proximate analyses were conducted at Egerton University, Animal Nutrition laboratory. There were three experimen tal diets with three replicates each: T1 (soybean meal), T2 (chickpea), and T3 (ground Prosopis pods). Prosopis pods were harvested by plucking mature pods from the tree branches at the Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), ABIRI Centre (0°28'10.1"N, 35°58'59.79"E). They were dried and ground to pass through a 1mm screen. Proxi mate analyses were carried out following the AOAC guidelines. All variables were subjected to analysis of variance (ANO VA) in a completely randomized design (CRD) using the SAS 9.4 statistical package. The results indicated that there were significant differences at (p < 0.05) between the CP content of diets. Treatment (T1) (263.4 g/kg DM) and T2 (261.7 g/kg DM) had the highest CP, while T3 (250.6 g/kg DM) had the lowest compared to T1 and T2. Similar trends were observed in ash content, with T3 having the highest (39.1 g/kg DM), while T1 and T2 were not significantly different, with 36.5 g/kg DM and 34.4 g/kg DM, respectively. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in CF in all the treatments. There were significant differences in the fat content, with T1 having the highest, 73.4 g/kg DM, followed by T3 with 40.0 g/kg DM, while T2 had the lowest, with 31.2 g/kg DM

Phytochemicals are chemicals produced by plants. Starting earlier, human beings have been contingent on plant sources for their essential needs. The use of modern medicine is anteceded by medicinally active plants. Several biologically active plant products such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, terpenes, and their derivatives are some of the phytochemicals that have been figured out over the line of human evolution. Plants have the capability to synthesize a wide range of compounds. The largest groups of substances that are widely present in the plant kingdom are polyphenolics or flavonoid constituents; and before 2010 GC, more than 8000 different phytochemicals are known [1]

The review paper helpful for knowledge and current data biological evidence in forensic science is pivotal to maintaining the integrity of biological evidence and ensuring the reliability of forensic analyses. This encompasses a set of strategies aimed at preventing contamination during evidence collection, handling, and analysis. Key elements include the use of Per sonal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as gloves, masks, and protective clothing, to minimize direct contact and contami nation from the environment. Sterile tools and techniques are essential for collecting evidence, with measures taken to avoid cross-contamination by changing gloves and tools between samples and properly packaging evidence immediately after col lection. Environmental controls are also critical. Workspaces must be kept clean, and access to crime scenes and evidence storage areas should be strictly controlled. Airflow management, such as the use of laminar flow hoods, helps to reduce air borne contaminants.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) is one of the harmful pollutants in ambient air and predominantly occurs in urban areas. Vehicular emission is one of the major sources of NO2 pollution in urban areas and can impact human health to a larger extent. This re view examines the temporal variations in NO₂ concentrations in Delhi's atmosphere from 2020 to 2023 and its implications for ambient air quality. Over the past few years, NO₂ levels in Delhi have shown significant fluctuations due to numerous factors including seasonal changes, traffic patterns, industrial activities, and the impacts of lockdown during COVID -19 pandemic. The analysis of air quality data reveals a correlation between increased NO₂ concentrations and the deterioration of air quality, leading to increasing health risks. This review underscores the need for continuous monitoring and more stringent regulatory measures to manage NO₂ emissions, aiming to improve air quality and mitigate the associated health impacts in Delhi

Recently the UK Infected Blood Inquiry (IBI) headed by Sir Brian Langstaff, a distinguished judge, completed his extensive six year investigation into the circumstances that unnecessarily caused many avoidable infections with the viruses HIV and HCV. Being involved myself with HIV/AIDS research since 1983, I was invited by the Inquiry to testify in 2018. I then wrote and pub lished in two papers what I told the Inquiry [1, 2].

Hookworm infection is a major public health concern and is the major cause of anemia in pregnant women. e aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hookworm and anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Dabat Primary Hospital and Debark General Hospital, northern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional hospital-based study in volving 384 pregnant women was conducted from March to June 2023. Stool samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of hookworm infection using wet-mount and formol-ether sedimentation techniques. A blood sample was also col lected and analyzed for the hemoglobin (Hb) level of pregnant women. List of Abbreviations: ANC: Antenatal care; AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Con dence interval; COR: Crude odds ratio; IPI: Intestinal parasitic infection; SPSS: Statistical package for social science; STH: Soil transmitted helmenth e overall prevalence of hookworm infections was 21.4%, and the prevalence of anemia in this study was 17.7%. e mean Hb value was 14.2 ± 0.07 g/dl, with a range of 7.3–19.6 (Hb) levels. Of the anemic pregnant women, 82.3%, 67.6%, and 7.4% had mild, moderate, and severe anemia, re spectively. e result of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that residence, monthly income, gestation period, being unable to wear shoes, and soil eating habits were signi cant predictors of hookworm infection. In addition to this, monthly income, gestation period, and being unable to wear shoes were signi cant predictors of anemia in pregnant wom en in the study area. A relatively high prevalence of hookworm infections and anemia was observed among pregnant wom en. erefore, the study showed that it needs high work to increase the nutritional requirements of pregnant women since they increase during pregnancy and to help them wear shoes during pregnancy. An integrated hookworm prevention and control program should be designed as an important intervention program for women in general and pregnant women who participated in the study area.

This paper reports a case of a 10-year-old patient who had their upper right central incisor avulsed due to trauma while en gaging in a sporting activity. A er 72 hours, the patient sought medical attention, revealing the absence of the tooth in the socket, pain, and swelling. e chosen treatment was delayed dental replantation with stabilization in the socket using a ex ible splint. Following maintenance, endodontic treatment was performed, with intracanal medication change a er 15 days, followed by clinical and radiographic follow-up. e conducted treatment allowed the tooth to remain in the oral cavity for 60 months without infections, albeit in the presence of progressive resorptive processes. is case report suggests that de layed replantation of a permanent incisor a er avulsion can be a bene cial treatment option for pediatric patients, preserv ing stomatognathic functions and the patient's quality of life until the possibility of de nitive rehabilitation

Addiction is a very important issue to be researched in social sciences nowadays. Several studies have been done on the is sue but never modeled out properly to understand the drug culture (addiction) as a process. The study has been conducted to show the structural and functional manifestation which would simplify the understanding of addiction and an individu al’s entry to the drug culture and their location in the process. Furthermore, no study tried to locate drug abusers’ changing lifestyles, their engagements in different activities, social identity, and societal and institutional responses. Discussion on the 'Sociology of drug addiction’ will help to identify an individual's entry into the drug culture along with the current situation in the drug cultural process. The paper is done empirically to uncover the undermining issues relating to the behaviour and applied necessary methods to extract the data. The study concludes with two models: first one justifies the question that, why drug in-takers become obsessed with drug and indulge in drug consumption activity repeatedly with or without their choice due to the physical or mental dependency. The second model seeks to explain the shift of drug in-takers from layer to layer or one stage to another concerning their changing activities relating to the changing cultural identities and societal re sponse to the behaviour.