Recent Articles

Over the course of several years, three members of a Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) group showed periodical bouts of pruritus and dermatological lesions. The affected animals were a 25-year-old cow and her 5 and 7-year-old offspring, all housed in a mixed indoor/outdoor facility. The signs were first noted in 2005 and escalated over time until 2012, when a final diagnosis of the problem was attempted. Diagnostic tests included blood analysis and skin biopsies, swab microbiological cultures from the wheals, intradermal tests and response to treatment with corticosteroids. Clinical picture and histopathological findings, as well as response to methylprednisolone, were considered compatible with an allergic dermatitis.

Corrosive injuries of the Upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) are common in developing countries mostly mortality and morbidity is high in India due to suicidal attempts. In this case series, a 17 years old female and 51 year old male subject intentionally self-harmed by ingesting toilet cleaner containing higher amounts of hydrochloric acid and presented to the emergency department of tertiary care hospital and the different aspects of the case are discussed in detail in this paper.

We report a case of hamate fracture in the coronal plane with interposition of the base of 5th metacarpal bone. This injury is frequently missed and may results in increasing rate of morbidity and mal-union. In this article, the approach to this type of injuries, the diagnostic modalities, and the management will be discussed with review of the literature.

Plague remains a major public health problem in Madagascar. Faced with reports of plague cases and deaths in Tsiroanomandidy district, we performed an investigation in October 2014.Our aim was to describe the plague outbreak and to improve the national plague control strategies. We used the National plague control program case definition. We identified cases from outpatient registers and collected socio-demographic and clinical information. Plague circulation was determined through a retrospective environmental survey of rodents and vectors.

Mediastinum cellulitis is a serious ENT emergency of significant mortality. The prognosis depends on the period of care and diagnostic. The management sometimes requires the cooperation ENT, thoracic Surgery and reanimation.

The aim of this study was to identify the value of hysteroscopy in detection of the relationship between missed miscarriage and intrauterine pathologies. The study was held at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Benha University. It included 90 women with 1st trimester missed miscarriage who were examined by diagnostic hysteroscopy immediately before dilatation and curettage (D&C) and 6-8 weeks after D&C (second look hysteroscopy).

Horses have their own unique status as therapy animals due to their function in both physical and psychotherapies. Current models of Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAAT) utilize horses for a range of physical, psychological and learning therapies to benefit humans, often referring to horses as therapeutic “partners”. To fulfill certification requirements for existing models of EAAT, practitioners are required to study equine behavior through the belief systems currently modeled in the natural horsemanship community. Despite requiring knowledge in horse behavior, studies and anecdotal evidence suggests that horses used in EAAT commonly display confusion or escape behaviors, “burn out” and/or display signs of depression. These behaviors could be a result of contradictions in the interpretation of equine behavior within the natural horsemanship practices or a lack of understanding and utilization of equine learning theory within the context of EAAT.

PLIN2 belongs to one member of PAT (Perilipin, Adipophilin and Tip47) family, which plays an important role in regulating lipid storage and could be regarded as a candidate gene for intramuscular fat deposition in pigs. This study tried to clone the coding domain sequence (CDS) of PLIN2 gene, compare the nucleotide acids and deduced amino acids sequence, physiological characteristics, structure and the expression level between Wujin (fatty breed) and Landrace (lean breed) pigs. The results showed that the mutation of nucleotide acids led to the mutation of deduced amino acids between two pig breeds.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2011 to March, 2012 in three selected districts of Jijiga zone, Somali region, Ethiopia, aimed at determining the sero-prevalence and to identify potential risk factors of small ruminant Brucellosis. A total of 291 serum samples (100 from sheep and 191 from goats) were collected from extensive management system with no history of vaccination. All serum samples were initially screened by RBPT and positive reactors to RBPT were further tested by CFT for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall prevalence of Brucellosis in small ruminants was 1.37% (4/291).

Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection causes wasting and fatal animal trypanosomosis. This study was aimed at determining the gross and histopathological alterations in donkeys experimentally infected with T. evansi and the effect of isometamidium chloride treatment. Apparently healthy donkeys (N=18) of mixed sexes were randomly assigned to 3 groups; A1 (Infected-untreated), A2 (Infected, isometamidium-treated) and B (Uninfected, control) of six animals each. Each animal in infected groups had about 2.0x106 T. evansi injected through the jugular vein. Parasitaemia levels were evaluated using HCT and Mice Inoculation Test (support test). Gross and histopathological examinations were also conducted post-infection and post-treatment.

Palmoplantar Malignant Melanoma (PPMM) is a tumor that arises from the melanocytes of the palmoplantar location. It is usually curable when treated surgically if diagnosed early. Objective: To assess the clinical presentation and treatment outcome of PPMM in Brazzaville Patients and Methods: This is a cross sectional study of thirteen years (January 1998-December 2011). 121 patients with PPMM who received the 3 treatment types were included: Surgery, chemotherapy and combination of surgery and chemotherapy.

Many scientists and biotechnology companies had given up on the idea of cancer immunotherapy in 1990s. Almost a decade after first detection of T cell suppression effect of CTLA4 the identity of its antibody was established. While they are found effective in many cancers including melanoma, lung cancer etc. immune checkpoint inhibitors have lent an important measure to manage recurrent and refractory ovarian cancer. This subject needs constant updating specially for students of ovarian cancer who are looking at this avenue of cure with much hope.

With the recent advances in breast cancer treatment the 5 year survival rates have increased significantly with overall 20yrs survival in developed countries like USA. With further improvement being designed in the treatment of breast cancers with more and more sophisticated models to study breast cancer in human beings using the modern microfluidic models one expects more and younger breast cancer survivors to be needing fertility treatments. Here we review the modern advances in breast cancer treatments and the need for emphasizing on fertility preservation before starting any chemotherapeutic or other management as recommended by both ASO and ASRM.

Comparative genomics of 12S and 16S rRNAs, cytochrome b (Cyt b) and the control region (CR) of mtDNA genome are commonly used in phylogenetics and wildlife forensics. We document the genetic characteristics and sequence variations of 12S rRNA (384 bp) in Indian civets, viz., the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) (n=9), small Indian civet (Viverricula indica) (n=7) and Himalayan palm civet (Paguma larvata) (n=5). The nucleotide compositions vary from 17.6% to 36.3%, and found one to two haplotypes in all three civet species. Observed sequence divergence was 0.001 to 0.002 and 0.057 to 0.110 within and between species respectively. The nucleotide diversity was 0.00102 to 0.00184. Tajima’s D value was negative (-0.097256 to -1.36240) but statistically non-significant in all three species. Based on genetic characteristics, we discuss the use of observed forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (FINS) and topology in species identification for forensic purposes among these three civet species.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate egg white-milk mixture as a novel storage medium for avulsed teeth compared to Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) media.Materials and media: Ninety incisors teeth of 23 New Zealand rabbits were atraumatically extracted and divided into 6 equal groups. Group 1, 2 & 3 were immediately stored in HBSS media for 1, 4 & 6h respectively, while group 4, 5 & 6 were stored in egg white-milk for 1, 4 & 6h respectively. The teeth were prepared for histological investigation and digital counting of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells using trypan blue exclusion technique.

Headache is among the main pediatric symptom and the physicians should meet the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society. In a cross-sectional study, during August 2015 to August 2016, the types of headaches and the sociodemographic profile of patients between 4 and 18 years of age were evaluated. The headache patients were previously diagnosed and followed at the Pediatric Neurology Service of Salvador, according to established criteria. The study was approved by Research Ethics Committee and it was carried out with the application of a specific questionnaire. In the overall study population (N = 58) were detected: primary headache migraine type that incapacitated the daily activities in 34/58 (58.6%) and the socioeconomic profile showed the family income below two salaries (in Real currency) in 38/58 (65.5%) of the population. As observed in adults, the headaches constitute a disabling diagnosis and it is impactful in the development of activities of daily living in the age group of this study, corroborating the literature on the importance of early diagnosis and therapy.

Abdominal wall endometriosis is a rare condition occurring after caesarean section. A small painful nodule or lump near post caesarean scar is the common presentation. Large size endometrial nodules in anterior abdominal wall are uncommon and bleeding is very rare complication. In a thirty two years female a giant size endometrial nodule developed in a post caesarean scar. This patient presented as emergency during menstruation because of pain and lump with bluish discolouration. This case is reported for post caesarean scar large size endometriosis with extravasation of blood in surrounding anterior abdominal wall. This giant size endometriosis in anterior abdominal wall involving rectus abdominis muscle was successfully excised with a margin. The residual large size defect was repaired using polypropylene mesh.

The association between chronic constitutional hypotension (CCH) and symptoms is uncertain both as pathophysiological correlation as a statistical link. The study was undertaken in order to investigate the existence of a significant association between CCH and symptoms and identify the most represented ones.