Recent Articles

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of levamisole on the immune enhancement of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against potential bacterial pathogens, Fish with weight of 98±5 g were randomly distributed into seven groups each at a rate of 20 fish per 300-L aquarium and fed on a diet containing 0.0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 or 1500 mg levamisole/kg diet for eight weeks.

In animal production, antibiotics are used at sub-therapeutic and therapeutic levels for growth promotion and disease prevention. Using antibiotics can result in selecting for drug resistant microorganisms that may spread to humans through consumption of contaminated food. Lately, an increased interest in organic farming, where animals are grown without antibiotics, has been popular amongst the consumers. It is believed that organic farming will reduce antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. However, the animals grown organically may be prone to diseases, and other microorganisms may thrive in the gut, that may be potentially harmful to humans. We analyzed the DNA of fecal samples of pigs grown under conventional and organic dietary regimens and detected the presence of genes that causes antibiotic resistance.

Streptococcus mutans is a leading cariogenic pathogen of dental caries worldwide. Clinically, eliminating S. mutans from dental biofilms using antibiotics is not practical, because these agents indiscriminately kill other members of the resident flora, leading to ecological disruption and other negative clinical consequences. To develop target-specific antimicrobials, we evaluated several fusion peptides and identified a new peptide HP30 that showed a high selectivity for targeted killing of S. mutans.

A cross- sectional study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of the children with rickets aged

Every animal hosts large number of microorganisms most of which affect its body positively. Such positive effect is induced by probiotics, live microbial food ingredients that alter the enteric microflora and have a beneficial effect on the health of an animal. There are many different varieties of friendly bacteria that exist naturally in foods or drinks, or can be added to foods or beverages to enhance health and wellbeing of animals. Thermal treatment and aseptic production of food strongly reduces the amount of microorganisms taken up. This alters the microbial composition in our digestive system.

Fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is an important dietary component of disease prevention. Adults who consume more F&V are less likely to develop heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer and are more likely to sustain a healthy weight. In the United States, substantial socioeconomic disparities exist in the prevalence of chronic diseases and the higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors in lower socioeconomic groups help drive these disparities.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a neurological disorder that has been found to be associated with chronic alcoholism and malnutrition. We report a 45 year old man, chronic alcoholic that developed discouragement for activities involving daily living, changes in retrograde memory in addition to mutism and gait instability. Brain MRI showed central atrophy of the corpus callosum(CC), hypointensity(necrosis) and ventricular dilation(white matter and subcortical region involvement).

In their first full report on the analysis of GSR by SEM-EDS, Wolten and colleagues stated that the great majority of the gunshot residue particles (GSR), between 70 to 100%, have a characteristic morphology thus providing a detection criterion holding significance equal to that provided by the elemental composition. In fact, the particles must have a spherical or spheroidal shape and their surface should appear amorphous, devoid of any crystalline characteristic.

Background: History of forensic mental health services provide knowledge regarding its evolution that has undergone tremendous changes over the past two centuries. Aim: To study the forensic mental health services and management of psychiatric patients during pre-independence era. Settings and Design: Retrospective, hospital based chart-review and descriptive study. Methods and Materials: Medical records of 85 cases preserved with the 170-year old psychiatric institute were retrieved to study the variables related to socio-demographic characteristics, family background, clinical profile, treatment methods, admission-discharge procedures, and mortality by retrospective chart-review method. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical measures with significance of P

Autonomic nervous system involvement in subjects practicing Yoga has rarely been studied and has shown conflicting results. Our main purpose was to assess the effect of Yoga on autonomic function of group of subjects practicing Yoga regularly in comparison with another group with normal control subjects by measuring the frequency gain response of the two groups. Other aim of this study was to determine wither the duration of Yoga practicing correlated with measures of heart rate variability signal (HRV) using approximate entropy index (ApEn).

To compare three different types of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning techniques using Elekta Versa HD lineer accelerator to deliver total body irradiation (TBI) treatment on the coach and to evaluate the feasibility of VMAT planning technique for TBI treatment.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease. Therefore, various parameters are needed to classify this disease into subtypes. The commonly used method for diagnosis and classification is based on FAB criteria using morphology and cytochemical stains. For some of the categories, immunopheno typing is necessary. The aim of present study is to determine the frequency of various sub-types in acute myeloid leukemia using FAB criteria in our Sudanese population. This will aid in the correct diagnosis of acute leukemia and hence proper management of the patients.

NanotechnologyAbstractIntroductionGraphene has emerged as a potential material in various scientific disciplines, ranging from material science, engineering, and more recently biomedicine. The paper describes the investigation of the presence of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) in the carbon soot of internal combustion diesel engines. The UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X- ray diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescent (PL) and Raman spectroscopic analysis of the sample provided a conclusive evidence of the formation of graphene and GO. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDX) of the sample show carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) of size less than 50nm.

Ratol paste (Yellow Phosphorus) is a local and systemic toxin affecting almost all the organs of the body especially liver, kidney, brain and heart. There is no specific antidote for yellow phosphorus poisoning. Heart is one of the many organs affected by the YP. However cardiac toxicity following acute ingestion of YP has been reported rarely.

France, Greece, Italy, and Spain the major sheep and goat milk producers in Europe, got the initiative through an interim of 30 years (1985 – 2015), to organize - through IDF - 7 symposiums aiming at the upgrade of the Dairy Sector. One major interest was the milk quality. Stepwise, the efforts followed cow milk structural development in organizing the testing laboratory, the definition of quality in composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids), in Hygienic (Total Bacteria Count, Somatic Cell Count, antibiotics residues and Aflatoxin M1 contamination), adulteration with water and detection of milk species. EU, by Decision 2002/657/EC, defined the rules for the Directive 96/23/EC, enumerated the testing methods, the demands in sampling procedures, the minimum limits of performance, the quality control (ISO 17025) and the interpretation of results. The equivalency of results from different laboratories, through ISO 17025, demanded the application of ISO analytical standards.

The United Nations has created the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) initiative in an attempt to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic worldwide by the year 2030. In an effort to assist in the SDG cause, the current study sought to obtain data from clients in Botswana regarding the perceptions of their experiences with HIV/AIDS counseling from 25 randomly selected hospitals/clinics.

The N-oxide of anti-psychotic drug Blonanserin (BLNO) was synthesized and tested as a novel molecule to understand its ability in reducing blood glucose levels.

Objective: To evaluate the flexure strength and flexure modulus of the nano-filled dental composite after different storage conditions. Introduction Resin-based composite (RBC) restorations are widely used in dental practice. The improved physical and mechanical properties of RBC, the good esthetics, and the ease of chair-side application in addition to the acceptable durability of these restorations have led to its high popularity in recent decades. Durability of dental composite restorations is influenced by multiple factors, some are related to materials composition such as resin matrix, filler type, and filler loading and others are related to the technique and surrounding environment in which the material is functioning, and recurrent decay could be an additional contributing factor to composite failure [1-8]. Methods: Two nano-composite materials were investigated (Filtek Z350 and Tetric N Ceram). Composite bars (n=15) were prepared from each material using Teflon mold with the dimensions of (2 x 2 x 25 mm). Samples from each material were randomly subdivided into three groups according to storage condition (dry, distilled water, and thermo-cycled). Flexure test was performed under a load of 2 KN at a cross head speed of 0.25 mm/ min in a universal testing machine.

The distribution of different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotypes and the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) mutations vary greatly across different Brazilian regions. This study aimed to describe the HIV-1 molecular diversity and TDR prevalence among treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected individuals in an urban area of Northeastern Brazil. DNA samples from 97 infected individuals were obtained and pol sequences were generated by Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify the presence of associated mutations with drug resistance, to reconstruct the phylogeny and to detect recombination.

India stands first in the world in terms of its wealth of palmyrah palms with a population estimated to nearly 122 million palms. Palmyrah palm has great economic potential and every part of the palm is useful in one way or the other. The edible palm products such as Neera, Palm Jaggery, Palm Sugar, Palm Candy, Palm Chocolate, Nungu, Fruit, tuber etc. are rich vitamin and minerals, but products are not commercialised as lack of the value addition.