Recent Articles

The prevalence of obesity is on the increase worldwide due to changes in diet and physical activity patterns. Childhood obesity is now a major public health challenge in advanced economies. Obesity in childhood tends to persist into adulthood and to predispose to non-communicable diseases. There is little data on childhood obesity and its correlates and determinants in sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional study was carried out using simple random sampling technique to select 260 junior high school children aged 11-15 years from six basic schools (n=768) from three different socioeconomic (low, middle, high) areas of Accra, the capital city of Ghana.

Worldwide alarming increase of obesity prevalence has led the WHO to take into consideration as one of the most serious global health problems of the 21st century. 40% of women worldwide are overweight. The leading causes of obesity prevalence in women more often becaouse during pregnancy and before pregnancy they gain excess weight. The rapid increase of obesity prevalence especially among women in the World cause women begin pregnancy overweight or obese and this can cause problems about pregnancy and birth.

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys that contains multiple elements, often five or more principal elements in equiatomic or near equiatomic ratio with or without minor elements. As felt from the name, high mixing entropy is the sole parameter to decide the solid solution alloy formation in HEAs but, the mutual interaction between elements are key parameters to predict the phase formation in HEAs as proposed by some researchers. In this review the guideline for alloy design in HEAs for the formation of solid solution phases are proposed on basis of atomic size difference (δ), mixing entropy (ΔSmix), mixing enthalpy (ΔHmix), valence electron concentration (VEC) and electronegativity difference (Δχ).

Recent studies have supported a role for the proteolytic cleavage of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) as a potential mechanism for the enhanced dementia risk associated with Alzheimer’s disease. To determine whether APOE4 fragmentation is correlated with AD, ELISA assays were performed with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples utilizing an antibody that specifically detects a 17 kDa amino-terminal fragment (p17) of APOE (nApoECF antibody). In CSF samples, levels of APOE fragmentation were minimal in both neuropathological normals (NPNs) and AD cases and there were no significant differences between the two cohorts across APOE genotypes.

Primary tuberculosis lesion in oral cavity is a rare clinical entity. We report a case of gingival tuberculosis manifested as chronic ulceration with pus discharge.

Application of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibitors such as chlorhexidine (CHX) is capable of reducing bond strength loss over time by preventing collagen fibrils degradation.

A banknote is a type of a negotiable instrument known as a promissory note, made by a bank, payable to the bearer on demand. The Indian Rupee is the official currency of the Republic of India. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. In this modern epoch, circulation of counterfeit currency has greatly augmented as the most common unlawful activity.

Spasm provocation tests (SPTs) using a pressure wire and compared the results with those from patients who underwent the same test without a pressure wire.

Sarcomas of the head and neck are very rare accounting for approximately 1% of all head and neck neoplasms. Primary osteosarcomas of the nasal cavity are less than 0.5% of the osteosarcomas occur in this location. Because of the rarity of this presentation, we report a case of a 54 year old male with primary osteosarcoma arising de novo from the nasal cavity, presented with left epistaxis and bilateral nasal obstruction.

In recent years, increasing evidence has pointed to the potential role of fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of MS. Based on hypotheses describing the aggressive autoimmune responses observed in MS patients, a result of impaired between (t-PA and PA1-1) which are a key molecules in both fibrinolysis and extracellular proteolysis. The present study was done to investigate the therapeutic potential of polymerase enzyme in modulating the changes occurred between levels of Tissue- type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor (PAI-1) in patients with multiple sclerosis. A pilot study was carried out on a total of twenty-one patients (17 females, 4 males; aged 22-46 years) with demyelination suggestive of MS and clinically silent T2 brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Design of the paper is on the line of combining different knowledge in one space and separating the communicative aspects. The goal of the article is to present a multilevel spacetime model to combine uncertainties to the form of information that gives new possibilities for social interaction and personal growth and development. The study limited itself with studies in three fields-mathematics (AI, number enneagram structures), sociology and world development (interactions visualized with graphs).

Instant sorrel drink (IZD) was developed by processing purple sorrel calyx into powdery form by the method of infusion, and dehydration and size reduction. Another purple sorrel calyx was processed into liquid zobo drink (LZD); and both the IZD and LZD were subjected to sensory evaluation using the total number of thirty five (35) panels of judges and data was subjected to t-test and preference test analytical tools; and found that IZD was also acceptable by the sensory panelists because the T-tabulated is 2.064, while T-calculated is -14.37 with standard deviations of 0.32 (P≥0.05) between the means; hence, there was no significance difference between the reconstituted IZD and the LZD, because T-calculated is not greater than the T-tabulated.

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) is a benign tumor, most common in the maxilla, characterized by slow, progressive, painless growth of firm consistency, the size of which usually does not reach large proportions.

The indigenous Amerindian populations living in the southern interior part of Suriname have to date largely maintained their traditional hunter-gatherer life-style. In this study we compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeTS) and its component risk factors between indigenous Amerindian women of the interior of Suriname, with indigenous Amerindian women living in the coastal-rural areas who have a more urbanized lifestyle. We focused on women since the Suriname Health study showed that Indigenous women had the second highest MeTS prevalence nationwide.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease in humans, is a widely spread protozoan in Latin America. Chronically infected people are asymptomatic during an indeterminate stage but can represent a significant risk of transmission due to blood donations and organ transplants. Blood transfusion is recognized as the second most important path for transmitting of Chagas disease

An ectopic tooth in a nasal cavity is a rare phenomenon. In most cases, no etiological explanation of teeth in that location has been suggested or found. We report the case of a 26-year-old man, who discovered, 5 years ago, an induration inside his right nasal pit, which caused an unilateral nasal obstruction, without rhinorrhea, with epistaxis, revealing an ectopic in intra-nasal tooth.

Parents are the children’s learning models. A preschooler is influenced by the handwriting of his or her parents. He learns to write letters by imitating or copying the letters formed by the parents.

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a prevalent condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality in a variety of patient populations.

Antibiotic usage is very popular in the clinical treatment to infective diseases resulting in the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotics are also extensively utilized in mariculture along the coastal area including the mangroves, however, the frequent usage of antimicrobial agents can induce to the bacterial resistance, and no research on this is found to date, as a result, the occurrence and distribution was investigated in Gaoqiao mangrove wetland, China in this research.

Iatrogenic splenic injury is a known but rare complication of colonoscopic procedures. Our department describes a very interesting case of the same complication that occurred twice on the same patient. The patient had an elective colonoscopy for microcytic anemia and shortly after the endoscopic procedure she developed excessive abdominal pain and had a syncope episode. She gradually became hemodynamically unstable and needed proper resuscitation. An abdominal tomography scan performed which surprisingly demonstrated active intra-abdominal bleeding pointing a ruptured spleen as the source of the hemorrhage. This finding surprised us given the fact that her past surgical history included a previous splenectomy for the same complication 14 years ago.