Recent Articles

Abstract: Umbilical cord blood contains stem cells which are useful in chemotherapy, implantation; however, cord RBC is considered as a waste product. It is necessary to use the umbilical cord blood for neonatal blood transfusion to avoid diseases. Nowadays, nanoparticles are used in biomedical and pharmaceutical industry. Nanoparticles interact with blood via different routes. In addition, these nanoparticles used in biomedicine, drug delivery, bioimaging, and to increase the shelf life of RBC. Nevertheless, research of nanoparticle interaction with umbilical cord red blood cells is still . in the present study, interaction between umbilical cord blood-RBC and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles is studied. Methods: Umbilical cord rbc isolated from whole blood immediately r the collection using centrifuge. PBS r is used as a physiological media and washing reagent. interaction of isolated RBC (2% suspension) with t con centration of citrate stabilized gold nanoparticle were investigated using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Interfacial tension measurement technique. Results: UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to investigate the changes in Soret band and oxygenation bands (Q1 and Q2). Variation in absorption intensity is observed in umbilical cord RBC incubated citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles. However, there is no t shi in Soret band and Q1, Q2 band of cord-RBC with Au nanoparticles. In case of Raman spectros copy, enhancement in disulphide band region (526 cm-1 and 579 cm-1) and change in the spin state marker is investigated. While, interfacial tension decreases for 10 �l and increases for 100 �l and 200�l of 40 nM AuNP.

Diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body cannot properly use or store glucose. Glucose is a type of sugar that raises blood sugar levels if it accumulates in the blood. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin, or the body is unable to use the insulin produced properly. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that acts like a switch, allowing glucose to enter the body's cells from the bloodstream for energy. All carbohydrate foods are broken down into glucose in the body. The hormone insulin helps glucose enter the cells. Inability to produce insulin or to use it effectively leads to an increase in the level of glucose in the blood, which is called hyperglycemia. In the long term, high blood glucose levels are associated with damage to the body and failure of various organs and tissues [1, 2]

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that influences how children communicate, interact so cially, and manage everyday behaviors. Although every child on the spectrum shows a different mix of strengths and chal lenges, certain patterns tend to appear reduced social reciprocity, unusual sensory responses, and, quite often, delays in language or motor skills. These characteristics seem to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, along with autoimmune and perinatal influences. At present, ASD affects about 1 in 44 children [1] The broader spectrum still includes what were once separate diagnoses, such as Asperger’s syndrome, PDD-NOS, Rett syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative Di sorder [2]. Motor-related differences are frequently among the earliest signs. Children may have trouble with coordination or maintaining balance, and tasks that involve fine motor control can be more demanding than expected for their age (Bhat et al., 2011; Staples & Reid, 2010). Many also face challenges in imitation or praxis; copying a movement, judging spatial placement, or learning a new motor sequence may take more time or effort. Since these skills underpin everyday functioning and many social exchanges, such difficulties can limit both peer interaction and independence in daily life [3]. Added to this, sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal problems are common and can intensify emotional and behavioral challenges (Miano et al., 2007; Rao et al., 2008)

Background: HIV which targets the immune system leads to immunosuppression and thus the occurrence of several opportunistic diseases with tuberculosis being the rst and deadliest one. is leads to a high rate of co-infection and deaths worldwide. Despite the di erent diagnostic methods recommended by the WHO for the diagnosis of this co-infection state, possible errors in the individual diagnostic and lack of unique diagnostic methods of the co-infection state remain the principal causes of the high death rate worldwide. Facing this challenge, the research of novel speci c biomarkers for HIV Tuberculosis co-infection for this diagnosis remains urgent. e molecular basis for pathogen synergy that can be used to diagnose HIV-TB coinfection, however, is not clearly de ned. Researchers have directed this challenge on a Host-dependent area rather than a pathogen dependent route as usually done. is was orientated on RNAs constituent of the body also called Transcriptome. is study aimed at investigating Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA-p21 and Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT-1 and their target cytokines Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 mRNA respectively as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of HIV-Tuberculosis coinfection. e study was done over a period of 08 months subdivided into sample collection and analysis respectively at LAQUINTINIE Hospital and LANAVET DOUALA respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed on whole blood samples to detect the relative expression of LincRNA-p21, NEAT 1, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA in healthy controls, TB-positive patients, HIV-positive patients and HIV-Tuberculosis coinfected patients and ROC curve analysis was used to investigate their discriminatory and biomarker potentials.

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. [Cardus marianus (L.)] is an invasive plant indigenous to the Mediterranean region. It has many synonyms, varying according to geographical localities, such as St. Mary's thistle, Milk thistle, Blessed thistle, Holy thistle, and in Arabic countries, it`s known as Akub, Harshaarri, Shoakennassara, Shoakeddimen, Shoaksennari, and Shoak el-gamal. The plant is an edible herb, native to the Mediterranean area, grown throughout Europe and naturalised in North and South America, with a long history in folk medicine. Since ancient times, it has been identied for snake bites, amanita poisoning, and liver disorders. It has been intensively investigated from the chemical and biological points of view. The chemical investigation led to the isolation and identication of a series of dihydroanonolignans (thirteen compounds) collectively known as silymarin. A survey of the biological investigation has indicated that Silybum has antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inammatory, antihepatotoxic, hepatitis, immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, antiproliferative and anticancer (human prostate carcinoma, the ovarian cells carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma), antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic, diabetes mellitus, hyperprolactinemic (galactogenic), nephroprotective, neuroprotective, anti-amnesia, anti melasma, and antifungal effects.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation is a critical step in clinical nephrology and has important implications in clinical practice, but also in the field of epidemiology and prevention [1-4]. The measurement of GFR by a so-called reference tech nique remains fundamental but limited to specialized centers [1,5,6]. The definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is based, among other things, on the level of GFR and requires that it can be quickly and easily estimated [7]. In clinical practice, com monly used formulas

Introduction Temporary central venous catheter (CVC) for hemodialysis is frequently used in daily practice, given the relative ease of place ment on the one hand and the possibility of immediate use of this vascular approach. In fact, CVCs represent 7 to 39% of all vascular accesses in hemodialysis according to the authors [1, 2]. Several complications can arise after the installation of a CVC; Infection and thrombosis are the most common and are the leading cause of precipitous ablation of hemodialysis catheters [1-5]. In fact, 1 to 70% of hemodialysis catheters are complicated by a local or systemic infection requiring immediate catheter removal and more or less antibiotic therapy [1-7]. Since these infections can be serious and endanger the patient's life in 8 to 20% of cases [4, 6, 7] and that in some cases CVC is the only vascular approach available, prevention of these infections is essential andshould be an integral part of the catheter placement and handling procedures.

Science has to be understood in its broadest sense, as a method for comprehending all observable reality, and not merely as an instrument for acquiring specialized knowledge.

Abstract Background: Culture is effective in discourse analysis of spirituality. Cultural customs can destroy a secure attachment to God. Hemodialysis patients with insecure attachment to God due to fear and despair experience spiritual distress, which endangers their psychosocial health and creates the need for spiritual counseling. The aim of this study was investigation of the effect of strengthening secure attachment to God in spiritual counseling on spiritual health of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This randomized controlled trial with pre-post test, and control groups was performed in 2020 at the hemodialysis department of Kamkar Hospital in Qom for 110 patients. The Sound Heart Model–based spiritual counseling was performed in 12 sessions of 35 minutes for the intervention group. The spiritual health questionnaire was completed by both groups before and after the intervention. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean score between the two groups. The T-pair test was used to compare the change of each group. The significance level for all tests was 0.05. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24. Results: ere was no statistically signi cant di erence in spiritual health scores between the intervention (76.83±1.35) and control (73.43±1.41) groups, before intervention (P =0.08). A er intervention, a signi cant statistical di erence was ob served (P

Abstract Aim: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare condition in which a person's immune system attacks the peripheral nerve. The visual system can also be affected in GBS patients. The aim of present work is to look for visual pathway. disturbances in these patients using Visual evoked potential (VEP). Material and Methods: IO male patients (20 eyes) diagnosed as GBS in age range Of 25 to 56 years Were selected for the purpose Of pre- Sent Study. Visual evoked potential (VEP) using pattern type Of Stimulation Was tested in total patient group using Mangoni machine. Ihe results obtained was compared with 10 normal sex and age matched population following VEP test Results: There was not statistically significant differences as far as demographical finding was concerned between case and control groups. There was a Significant difference was observed in latency and amplitude Of VEPs PIOO Peak between Case and control groups (P

Abstract Background: Lipemia retinalis (LR) is a rare pathology characterized by creamy white retinal vessels due to chylomicrone- mia- Here, we present a case report of LR in a 44-day neonate and provide a comprehensive review of the literature on this rare condition. Materials and Methods: All articles indexed in Pubmed and Google scholar with term "Lipemia retinalis" in title were in- cluded to provide a comprehensive review about clinical aspects of LR then an analysis was conducted on all infantile and neonatal cases of LR reported in the literature. Data on clinical presentation, ophthalmic findings, laboratory investigations, and treatment strategies were extracted and analyzed. Results: Our case report details the presentation ofa 44-day-old boy with creamy white retinal vessels consistent with LR, which was identified during screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). A literature review yielded a total of 44 report. ed cases of LR in infants and neonates, bringing the total number of cases to 45 including ours. In cases where gender was specified, 27 were female and 15 (333%) were male. The average age of infants diagnosed with LR was 10.11±10.68 weeks, and their average gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) were 37.43±4.41 weeks and 2535.48± 1086.27 grams, respectively. Type I hyperlipoproteinemia (76.4%) was identified as the most common underlying cause, with 21 cases (46.7%) attributed to lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency. Vomiting or poor feeding were the most common symptoms prompting evaluation in 13 cases (36.1%). In 40% of cases, the stage of LR was specifically identified, with 4 cases classified as stage 2 and 14 cases classified as stage 3. Organomegaly was the most common associated manifestation of hypertriglyc- eridemia when combined with LR, seen in 51.1% of cases. Ihe GA was significantly correlated with the presence of xantho- ma and pancreatitis (p 0.41 and p=O.39, respectively). GA and BW were also correlated with the presence oforganomegaly (p 0.009 and p 0.45, respectively). The average total cholesterol (TC) level was 1485.52±150421 mg/dl (range: 70-7000), and the average triglyceride (TG) level was 16268±14578.09 mg/dl (range: 1000-64956). The TG level was found to be associated with the stage of LR (p=O.46), In addition to the case discussed, there were seven other premature neonates (GA

Abstract Cheiloscopy is the study of lip prints, which are the unique patterns and lines that are found on the lips. In forensic science, lip prints can be used to identify individuals and to provide evidence in criminal investigations. Lip prints can be left on various surfaces, such as cups, glasses, and cigarettes. They can be collected from these surfaces and compared to known lip prints in order to identify the individual who left them. Lip prints can be analyzed for characteristics such as shape, pattern, and ridge count, which can be used to distinguish one individual from another. While lip prints are not as commonly used as fingerprints in forensic science, they can be a valuable piece of evidence in certain cases. They can be particularly useful in cases where there are no other means of identification, such as in cases of unidentified remains. In these cases, lip prints can be used to help identify the individual and potentially provide clues about their identity and circumstances of their death. As handwriting and Fingerprints, Lip prints also support the principle of Uniqueness/lndividuality which state that two things can be similar but cannot be alike. Lip prints start to develop at 6th week Of intrauterine period Lip print is basically a pattern Of Wrinkles and Fissures on the labial mucosa and the study Of lip prints is referred to as cheiloscopy. Lip prints can help to determine the gender, race etc. Lip prints can be found in the cases ofburgarlary. Sexual assault etc. which could be found useful in determining the perpetrator. Overall, the use of lip prints in forensic science can help to identify individuals and provide evidence in criminal investigations

A 55-year-old male developed severe emphysema and complications following mechanical ventilation after a second COVID-19 infection. Persistent positive nucleic acid tests despite antiviral treatments, and the impact of prolonged immunosuppression on virus clearance and lung recovery, emphasize the need for improved antiviral strategies and careful management of ventilation-related complications.

Abstract While non-observance of safety instructions in working with tractors is one of the causes of financial and human losses in the world's agricultural sector, this study was conducted to explore factors influencing safety behavior of farmers in working with tractors through the lens of the health belief model. A cross-sectional survey was applied for studying 250 Iranian tractor owner farmers who were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Results indicated that the most of farmers do not pursue proper safety instructions while working with tractors. Based on the findings, the health belief model was able to explain a significant part of the variance of farmers' safety behavior in working with tractors. Perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, perceived severity and perceived barriers were the significant variables influencing safety behavior. Farmers perceived some barriers on their way to consider the safety instructions in working with tractor and believed that they do not have high self-efficacy, particularly enough financial ability to observe these instructions in practice. These findings provide some recommendations for policymakers, as well as agricultural extension organization to raise their safety behavior about working with tractors.

High-energy trauma can mask severe internal injuries beneath subtle external signs, emphasizing the need for detailed imag ing and timely multidisciplinary management. We present the case of a 37- year-old male involved in a motor vehicle colli sion without seatbelt use, who sustained a right occipital condyle fracture identified on CT scan, and left-sided femoral shaft and non-displaced acetabular fractures detected by plain radiographs

Abstract Background: Timely pediatric emergency care is essential in reducing child morbidity and mortality. However. underserved areas, multiple barriers hinder caregivers from seeking formal medical Care, leading to delays in treatment. Socioeconomic factors, logistical challenges, and cultural beliefs, including the use Of traditional remedies, Significantly impact emergency care accessibility. This study was conducted in Ibb. Yemen. to examine these challenges and explore potential solutions. Objectives: Study aimed to identify key barriers preventing timely pediatric emergency Care in Yemen. Additionally, it examined the role of traditional remedies in delaying formal medical treatment and assessed how healthcare systems can address these challenges. Methods: A mixed-methods approach Was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data- Surveys Were conducted with 600 caregivers and 200 healthcare providers to assess their experiences with emergency care access. Additionally, interviews, social media posts, and university lectures provided further insights into caregivers' decision-making processes. Data analysis focused on identifying patterns related to financial constraints, transportation challenges, healthcare facility avail and the influence Of Cultural beliefs on treatment-seeking behaviors. Results: Findings revealed that financial difficulties, limited healthcare infrastructure. and transportation barriers were the primary factors delaying emergency care for children in Ibbi Yemen- A significant proportion Of caregivers reported using traditional remedies before seeking formal medical attention. Often due to Cultural beliefs, lack Of trust in healthcare providers, or financial limitations. Healthcare providers acknowledged these challenges and emphasized the need for improved education and community engagement to encourage timely medical intervention. Conclusion: Addressing barriers to pediatric emergency care in Ibb, Yemen, requires a multifaceted approach, including expanding healthcare access, improving transportation services, and integrating culturally sensitive health education programs. Healthcare systems should collaborate with community leaders and traditional healers to foster trust and encourage timely medical care. By addressing these barriers, healthcare accessibility can be improved, ultimately reducing preventable delays and enhancing child health outcomes in Ibb, Yemen.

A study entitled "Drug Utilization Evaluation and Drug Interaction of antibiotics in orthopedic patients” was conducted in the department of orthopedics of a 1000 bedded multispecialty private hospital. The prospective observational study was conducted for a period of six months.

Simply by recycling the gold from in the ever-increasing mountains of used electronics, it is now possible to easily retrieve huge quantities of gold without having to do any digging into the earth at all. The majority of the currently available strategies for recycling gold from used electronics are mostly based on hydrometallurgy

Reconstituted soil is mainly used to address the lack of soil in open-pit mines. To understand how soil amendments affect reconstituted soil nutrients and enzyme activities in open-pit coal mine, the investigation is carried on overburden material from an open-pit coal mine in Eastern Inner Mongolia, China.

Urothelial carcinoma recurrence of an orthotopic neobladder created from bowel segment is a rare occurrence. The growing usage of bowel segments to create neobladder following cystectomy for urinary diversion is growing yet there still remains a large gap in the literature about recurrence in neobladder. We carry out the first systematic review to outline current details of urothelial cancer recurrences in a neobladder, diagnostic approach, management and long term prognosis.