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The wildlife includes undomesticated and diverse forms of floral and faunal species, which is essential for ecological balance and human survival. The poaching and illegal trade has resulted in sharp decline of many wild species of flora and fauna around the world. The need of the time therefore is to utterly focus on wildlife protection for the sustainable development of biosphere and future viability of human beings. In this review we have focused on different techniques being utilized in wildlife forensic science for identification of wildlife species as well as their geographical origin. These techniques can be employed to control the wildlife crimes and convict the criminals involved in illegal trade of wildlife flora, fauna and their products. These techniques include footprints analyses, morphological and anatomical studies,

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Worldwide alarming increase of obesity prevalence has led the WHO to take into consideration as one of the most serious global health problems of the 21st century. 40% of women worldwide are overweight. The leading causes of obesity prevalence in women more often becaouse during pregnancy and before pregnancy they gain excess weight. The rapid increase of obesity prevalence especially among women in the World cause women begin pregnancy overweight or obese and this can cause problems about pregnancy and birth.

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Instant sorrel drink (IZD) was developed by processing purple sorrel calyx into powdery form by the method of infusion, and dehydration and size reduction. Another purple sorrel calyx was processed into liquid zobo drink (LZD); and both the IZD and LZD were subjected to sensory evaluation using the total number of thirty five (35) panels of judges and data was subjected to t-test and preference test analytical tools; and found that IZD was also acceptable by the sensory panelists because the T-tabulated is 2.064, while T-calculated is -14.37 with standard deviations of 0.32 (P≥0.05) between the means; hence, there was no significance difference between the reconstituted IZD and the LZD, because T-calculated is not greater than the T-tabulated.

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With the advances in the new image techniques and 3D modeling, angiography computed tomography (A-CT) has become a very useful image to study vessels. Prevalence of Celiac Trunk (CeT) variations is common, and have a clinical relevance in preoperative planning. Our objective was to describe prevalence of CeT variations in a study population in Cali, Colombia.

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Every animal hosts large number of microorganisms most of which affect its body positively. Such positive effect is induced by probiotics, live microbial food ingredients that alter the enteric microflora and have a beneficial effect on the health of an animal. There are many different varieties of friendly bacteria that exist naturally in foods or drinks, or can be added to foods or beverages to enhance health and wellbeing of animals. Thermal treatment and aseptic production of food strongly reduces the amount of microorganisms taken up. This alters the microbial composition in our digestive system.

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Fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is an important dietary component of disease prevention. Adults who consume more F&V are less likely to develop heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer and are more likely to sustain a healthy weight. In the United States, substantial socioeconomic disparities exist in the prevalence of chronic diseases and the higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors in lower socioeconomic groups help drive these disparities.

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The United Nations has created the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) initiative in an attempt to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic worldwide by the year 2030. In an effort to assist in the SDG cause, the current study sought to obtain data from clients in Botswana regarding the perceptions of their experiences with HIV/AIDS counseling from 25 randomly selected hospitals/clinics.

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Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, next only to water. Some teas are not pure varieties, but have been enhanced through additives or special processing, which allows for the design of an almost endless range of scented and flavored variants. The aromatized teas are popular due to their aroma and organoleptic properties. Tea polyphenols, especially flavonoids have attracted considerable interest because of their associated health properties. Several studies have demonstrated that tea flavonoids possess strong antioxidant activity and metal chelating properties, thus may protect cells and tissues against reactive oxygen species. In this study the content of flavonoids in the infusions of several commercially available teas (black and aromatized) was determined by HPLC-MS in the negative electrospray ionization mode. All types of tea contained epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in the greatest amounts. Higher content of rutin was found in pure black tea infusions comparing to aromatized teas. Some teas with citrus aromas or fruits contained also other flavonoids such as naringin and hesperidin. Infusions of black teas exhibited higher antioxidant properties evaluated in FolinCiocalteu and DPPH assays.

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Although dental implants have been a successful option for replacement of lost dentition for nearly five decades, their use in the medical and dental treatment plan is still in its youth. Literature on the medical implications of dental implants is surprisingly sparse, with a need for organization. This review is an attempt to begin the process of documenting the science behind this complex, yet critical topic.

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AuthorSurface texturing is an indispensable process for solar cell fabrication. The interaction of the surface with the incoming sunlight is controlled by texturing in such a way that the absorption is maximized through multiple interactions. Wet and dry etching techniques have been used to create textured surfaces on solar cells. Other than standard alkaline texturing used by the industry, metal assisted etching (MAE) appears to be a promising texturing technique with greater potential application for multi-crystalline solar cell fabrication. It is possible to achieve both random and periodic patterns with MAE which is relatively cheaper than dry plasma etching techniques. In this study, periodic hole patterns with micron sized diameters and periodicity were aimed to be achieved.

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School represents a proper place for health promotion among youth. This study aimed to explore the determinants of an eventual school nutrition policy (SNP) development by studying the perceptions of youth coming from different social contexts in Lebanon. It was a qualitative study conducted among 48 children and adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years in 8 schools (4 private and 4 public) in rural and urban Lebanese regions. An exhaustive integrated conceptual framework was used to explore the perceived determinants at different levels of action, namely individual, community/interpersonal and organizational. Directed and semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with youth. Data from this research have been submitted to a thematic qualitative analysis to identify barriers and facilitators of SNP development in Lebanon. Coding guide was based on the integrated comprehensive conceptual framework. Transcripts were coded and revised by the 2 researchers for common themes.

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The study sets out to compare personal studies from 1982 to 2003 as regards 8 articles on the role of the reprint request (RR) in fostering scientific communication. As early as 1986, the Editor of English for Specific Purposes cited the author as “the only active researcher” that he had “traced in the RR area.” In this context, 2 papers published in 1972 and 1974 in cardiology were presented together with 4 associated reprints. Actually, the study confirmed the phenomenon of “clustering.” Thus, US most active contemporaneous scientists were affiliated in only 8 of the entire states. Out of these, 2 states appeared in the local catchment. In other words, this means that the “tracer tool” function of RR has been demonstrated. However, the Internet is now predominant in such sociological studies; it will no doubt be useful in such tracings.

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The aim of this study was to identify the value of hysteroscopy in detection of the relationship between missed miscarriage and intrauterine pathologies. The study was held at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Benha University. It included 90 women with 1st trimester missed miscarriage who were examined by diagnostic hysteroscopy immediately before dilatation and curettage (D&C) and 6-8 weeks after D&C (second look hysteroscopy).

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Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection causes wasting and fatal animal trypanosomosis. This study was aimed at determining the gross and histopathological alterations in donkeys experimentally infected with T. evansi and the effect of isometamidium chloride treatment. Apparently healthy donkeys (N=18) of mixed sexes were randomly assigned to 3 groups; A1 (Infected-untreated), A2 (Infected, isometamidium-treated) and B (Uninfected, control) of six animals each. Each animal in infected groups had about 2.0x106 T. evansi injected through the jugular vein. Parasitaemia levels were evaluated using HCT and Mice Inoculation Test (support test). Gross and histopathological examinations were also conducted post-infection and post-treatment.

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Comparative genomics of 12S and 16S rRNAs, cytochrome b (Cyt b) and the control region (CR) of mtDNA genome are commonly used in phylogenetics and wildlife forensics. We document the genetic characteristics and sequence variations of 12S rRNA (384 bp) in Indian civets, viz., the common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) (n=9), small Indian civet (Viverricula indica) (n=7) and Himalayan palm civet (Paguma larvata) (n=5). The nucleotide compositions vary from 17.6% to 36.3%, and found one to two haplotypes in all three civet species. Observed sequence divergence was 0.001 to 0.002 and 0.057 to 0.110 within and between species respectively. The nucleotide diversity was 0.00102 to 0.00184. Tajima’s D value was negative (-0.097256 to -1.36240) but statistically non-significant in all three species. Based on genetic characteristics, we discuss the use of observed forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (FINS) and topology in species identification for forensic purposes among these three civet species.

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The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.

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Carbon nanotube (NT) based electronic vapor sensors were tested against synthetic sweat solutions, consisting of 13 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in saline, in order to probe the device ability to analyze and differentiate vapors derived from complex biological samples.

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The collection of human odor volatiles is of interest to forensic applications as a path to investigate canine scent discriminations in legal investigations. A study using a selected array of previously identified human odor compounds has been conducted to determine the retention and release capabilities of five (5) natural and synthetic fabric types, cotton (mercerized fabric and gauze matrix), polyester, rayon and wool.

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Anodic aluminum oxide doped with vanadyl citrate chelate complex anions was formed by a two-step self-organized anodization in 2 wt. % sulfuric acid containing 0.04 M V2O5 and 0.08 M citric acid at voltage range 13-23 V, and at 0 and 15 oC. The combination of two temperatures and at least four voltages (depending on the applied temperature) was applied as the operating conditions of anodization.

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